name: poon wing ching (prudence) tse man ki (annie) wong chi yin (stanley) by group 3 (part one)
TRANSCRIPT
Name: Poon Wing Ching (Prudence) Tse Man Ki (Annie)
Wong Chi Yin (Stanley)
By Group 3By Group 3
(Part One)
What is Genetics?
What determines our characteristics?
ContentsContents
Summary
Self-learning Exercises
Revision & Introduction
Revision on ReproductionRevision on ReproductionTrue or False
Q1. Pollen grains are the male gametes.
TrueTrue FalseFalse
Revision on ReproductionRevision on ReproductionTrue or False
Q2. In flowering plants, ovaries will develop into seed
TrueTrue FalseFalse
Revision on ReproductionRevision on ReproductionTrue or False
Q3. Gardeners sometimes use seeds to produce new plants for flowers because this method has an advantage of preventing overcrowding as compared with vegetative propagation.
TrueTrue FalseFalse
Revision on ReproductionRevision on ReproductionTrue or False
Q4. The umbilical cord is a structure for attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall.
TrueTrue FalseFalse
Right, you are correct!!!
Pollen grains are the carries of male gametes
Right, you are correct!!!
In flowering plants, ovaries will develop into fruits, whereas the ovules will develop into seeds.
Right, you are correct!!!
Prevention of overcrowding is an advantage for plant dispersal only. Gardeners using seeds to produce new plants of flower, because this method can produce variations which may give rise to flowers of better quality. Such an advantage is not found in vegetation propagation.
Right, you are correct!!!
The umbilical cord connects the embryo to the placenta instead of the uterus.
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Pollen grains are the carries of male gametes
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
In flowering plants, ovaries will develop into fruits, whereas the ovules will develop into seeds.
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Prevention of overcrowding is an advantage for plant dispersal only. Gardeners using seeds to produce new plants of flower, because this method can produce variations which may give rise to flowers of better quality. Such an advantage is not found in vegetation propagation.
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
The umbilical cord connects the embryo to the placenta instead of the uterus.
IntroductionIntroduction Can you guess who is the son of Mr. Simpson ?
:-) Why do we resemble our parents?
Do you look like your parents?
What is genetics(What is genetics(遺傳學遺傳學 )?)?
•The study of how characteristics The study of how characteristics are passed from generation to are passed from generation to generation.generation.
What determines our characteristics?
Gene, DNA & ChromosomesGene, DNA & Chromosomes
Genes( 基因 ):basic unit of hereditypresent on chromosomeGenes are short lengths of DNA on chromosome
Genes:(Cont’d)determine the sequences of amino acidscontrols protein synthesisIndirectly controls the appearance of characters and metabolic activities of an organism
Gene, DNA & Chromosomes Gene, DNA & Chromosomes (Cont’d)(Cont’d)
DNA
(Deoxyribose nucleic acid 去氧核糖核酸 )
genetic material determining body characters by controlling types of protein produced
Gene, DNA & Chromosomes Gene, DNA & Chromosomes (Cont’d)(Cont’d)
one from female parent
Chromosome( 染色體 ):genetic materials found inside the nucleus of the cell
made of protein & DNAeach kind of organism has a specific no. of chromosome e.g. man:46
exist in pairs in body cellthe members of each pair of chromosome is called Homologous chromosomes
one from male parent
Gene, DNA & Chromosomes Gene, DNA & Chromosomes (Cont’d)(Cont’d)
The role of gametesThe role of gametes
As vehicles of inheritance
How gametes are formedHow gametes are formed??
by the process meiotic cell division
The major task of meiosis is to produce haploid gametes
in the process of meiosis, crossing over can occur
Meiosis(Meiosis(減數分裂減數分裂 ))Meiotic cell division including meiosis and division of cytoplasm
producing gametes which have different genetic make - up
Significance of meiosisSignificance of meiosis
Halving of chromosome no.:
The no. of chromosome can be restored at fertilization
think of what would happen if human gametes were produced by mitosis?
Independent assortment of chromosomes:
Mitosis Vs MeiosisMitosis Vs MeiosisQuestions on comparing meiotic & mitotic cell divisions:
1. Occurrence
2. Pairing of homologous chromosomes
3. Separation of homologous chromosomes
4. Number of division
5. Number of daughter cells produced from each parent cells
6. Type of daughter cells
7. Chromosome number of daughter cells
8. Function
SummarySummary
1. Gametes are formed by meiosis. (reduction division)
2. Meiotic cell division includes pairing and separation of homologous chromosomes, separation of chromatids and formation of four daughter cells
3. Meiotic cell division is significant in:
A.) forming haploid gametes, so diploid number of chromosomes can be restored at fertilization
B.) producing gametes which have different genetic make-up
Wrong Concepts
1. Meiosis is a kind of cell division.
Meiosis involves division of nucleus alone. This is only a kind of nuclear division. Cell division includes cytoplasmic and nuclear division.
2. Every characteristic is controlled by a pair of genes.
Many characteristics are controlled not by one of genes, but by many genes, e.g. height of man.
D. Fertilization
Self-Learning ExerciseSelf-Learning Exercise
Q1: What is the name for the process of fusion of male and female gametes?
A. Gametogenesis
B. Implantation
C. Pregnancy
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Gametogenesis: gamete production
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Implantation: event during fertilized egg becomes embedded in uterine
wall
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Pregnancy: having in the uterus offspring in a stage of development
before birth
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Congratulations!!!Congratulations!!!
You’ve
got the
correct
answer!
Next
Fertilization: union of male (sperm) and female (egg) gametes
D. Mitotic cell division
Self-Learning ExerciseSelf-Learning Exercise
Q2: How gametes are formed?
A. Meiotic cell division
B. Meiosis
C. Mitosis
Congratulations!!!Congratulations!!!
Next
Gametes are formed by a process called meiotic cell division, including meiosis and division of cytoplasm
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Meiosis is a kind of nuclear division.
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Mitosis is a kind of nuclear division for increasing no. of cell
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Mitotic cell division including mitosis and cytoplasm division
Try again!!!Try again!!!
D. Proteins
Self-Learning ExerciseSelf-Learning Exercise
Q3: Inherited characteristics are determined by?
A. DNA
B. Chromosomes
C. Genes
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
DNA provides the genetic information to control protein
synthesis
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Chromosome carries genes
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Congratulations!!!Congratulations!!!
Go to End
Inherited characters are determined by genes
Sorry, you’re wrong!!!
Proteins control body characteristics and metabolic activities
Try again!!!Try again!!!
Further ReadingFurther Reading
Science Learning Network
Biological Science Page