nanobiotechnology & patents
TRANSCRIPT
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Nanobiotechnology & Patents
BY
SRUTHI S RAGHAVAN
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
What is biotechnology?
The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc – Oxford Dictionary
Eg: genetic engineering, transgenic plants, pharmacogenomics etc
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
What is nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology is the science and technology of small things,
particularly things that are less than 100nm in size. One
nanometer is 10^9 meters or about 3 atoms long - National
Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network.
Eg: A human hair is about 60-80,000
nanometers wide.
Key features of nanotechnology:
• Small size, measured in 100s of nanometers or less
• Unique properties because of the small size
• Control the structure and composition on the nm scale in order to control the properties.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Nano & Bio: Emergence of a convergent technology
• Biological processes are driven by interactions at the molecular level
• Nanoscale devices can thus become the perfect partner to study these interactions.
• Can meet nature at its own interface
The result of intersection of nanotechnology and biology = Nanobiotechnology or Bionanotechnology
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Patenting Nanobiotech Inventions
Can build tools from the ground up, which may make it more reliable and predictable than biochemical molecules.
Change the dynamics of diagnosis and treatment by interacting at the molecular level. Eg: cancer
Can develop therapeutic nanomaterials that are highly specific thereby reducing side effects Eg: caner
Eg: scanning probe microscopes, quantun dots, Dendrimers.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Confronting the Big 3
Patent Law at the forefront of BionanotechnologyNovelty – inherent properties of a known material vs unique properties at the nano-scale.
Inventive Step/non-obviousness – it may be obvious to make materials smaller, but the properties at nanoscale may not be obvious
Industrial applicability – the scope of the nanobiotech inventions in industry is huge. The nano product itself may not be patentable, but the process for making it may be patentable.
But analysts wonder whether undue experimentation would be necessary to teach those with ‘ordinary skill’ how to make and use the invention, in the future.
Novelty Inventiveness Applicability
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Roadmap to IP protection
Factors that influence bionanotech patents in medicine
Applicant IP Counsel Patent Office
Lucrative alternative to stagnant/weak drug pipelines
Effective solution to patent cliffs
Securing broad patents
Construct claims that will secure valid defensible patent protection
Multidisciplinary knowledge and expertise required to adviset patent clients
Lack of prior art making search difficult
Examiners are required to possess knowledge in diverse disciplines to carefully evaluate application.
Identifying broad patent claims
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
BIONANOTECH IN USA
Class 977 for categorising nanotech patents
~ 6000 nanotech patents granted in 2013 alone. Number of bionanotech patents granted is not known.
Issues raised – patent thickets/overlapping patents, broad patents, litigations, revocation of patents due to invalidity.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
BIONANOTECH IN INDIA
Modest investments in Nanobiotech in India - industry still finding a
foothold.
Nanomedicines and nanodevices focusing on 5 therapeutic areas: Oncology, neuropsychiatry, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and arthritis.
Dabur Pharma’s Nanoxel – a novel drug delivery system for the anti-cancer drug ‘Paclitaxel’
Biocon & Abraxis Biosciences launched Abraxane – the nanotech based anti-cancer drug.
Some of the most prolific companies exploring these avenues: Lupin Ltd, Cipla Ltd, Cadila Healthcare Ltd, Shasun Pharmaceuticals
Few companies are involved in patenting nanobio inventions in India.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CAN IPO HANDLE BIONANOTECH PATENT APPLICATIONS?
Nanobio research in India is focused primarily on the healthcare sector and is gaining more attention.
Patenting activity is low and is at an early stage.
Trigger – impossibility in predicting the future commercial success or viability of an issued patent
Blurring of invention and discovery interface, convergence of biotech and nanotech may challenge the IPR regime.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
POSSIBLE ROADBLOCKS: Section 3d & 3e
Invention or discovery?Most nano inventions are based on basic science discoveries.
Discovery of new form of a known substance (not resulting in an increase in efficacy), discovery of a new property of a known substance or new use of a known process, machine or apparatus (that does not result in a new product or employs atleast one new reactant) (s. 3d)
A substance obtained from/process of producing a substance which is a mere admixture which results in only the aggregation of the properties of its components (s. 3e)
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
EXAMINER WOES
No defined examining group – could result in broad patents or patenting basic research due to the nature of nanobio.
Inadequate or lack of training or examination guidelines
Inadequate engagement with outside legal or technology experts.
Lack of prior art
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
FUTURE OF NANO-BIO
Touted to be the next biggest technology with nanotechnology based products worth $1 trillion by 2015 – by National Science Foundation.
Could bring breakthrough treatments to taper down the disease burden of India
Increase affordability and access to medicines & contribute to the economic growth
BUT...
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
POSSIBLE REPURCUSSIONS
- patent thickets
- patent cliffs - increase in application pending period due to the complex nature of the application
- application backlog at the IPO
- broad patents or worse – low quality patents
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
When the going gets tough, the tough gets going
For the IPO: Exploiting the current provisions of the IP legislation to make room for nanobio inventions
Experimental use exemption, disclosure standards, learn from biotech patents
Engage with outside legal and technical experts undertake training where possible
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Contd...
For the Applicant:
Triple-Helix Model
Collaborating, publishing and sharing of knowledge
Trend watching
Creating synergies Triple-Helix-Model
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Contd...
For the IP counsel/patent agents:
- training and undertaking courses in nanotech where possible
- build expertise
- advise clients by gaining a thorough understanding of the nano patent landscape.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Look out, its coming!!The Small is Getting Big!
THANK YOU