Napoleon BonaparteNapoleon Bonaparte

Nicole PexaNicole Pexa

http://www.history.com/topics/napoleon/videos#napoleon

BackgroundBackground

August 15, 1769- August 15, 1769- Born in Corsica into Born in Corsica into an impoverished an impoverished noble family.noble family.

Excelled in Excelled in military- became military- became lieutenant in 1785.lieutenant in 1785.

BackgroundBackground Aware of a scheme to Aware of a scheme to

over-throw the over-throw the Directory (weak Directory (weak dictatorship)dictatorship)

Abbé Sieyès saw Abbé Sieyès saw Napoleon as ideal Napoleon as ideal choice for rulerchoice for ruler– Military experienceMilitary experience– FlamboyantFlamboyant

Named first consul of Named first consul of the republic in the republic in December 1799. December 1799.

December 2, 1804, December 2, 1804, crowned himself crowned himself Emperor of the French. Emperor of the French.

Domestic PoliciesDomestic Policies Bank of FranceBank of France-Served -Served

both state and financial both state and financial oligarchy.oligarchy.

Napoleonic CodeNapoleonic Code- forbade - forbade privileges from birth and privileges from birth and government jobs went to the government jobs went to the most qualified. most qualified. – Women lost many rights.Women lost many rights.

Concordat of 1801Concordat of 1801- wanted - wanted to heal religious division.to heal religious division.– Freedom of religionFreedom of religion– Many gains for NapoleonMany gains for Napoleon

Civil Code of 1804Civil Code of 1804- - equality of male citizens and equality of male citizens and security of wealth and security of wealth and property. property.

“My glory is not to have won forty battles...but what nothing will destroy, what will live eternally, is my Civil Code.”

ExpansionExpansion

Defeated Austria, Treaty of Lunéville Defeated Austria, Treaty of Lunéville (1801)(1801)– Lost almost all Italian possessions and Lost almost all Italian possessions and

German territory west of the Rhine.German territory west of the Rhine. Treaty of Amiens (1802) with Great Treaty of Amiens (1802) with Great

Britain. Britain. – Napoleon kept landsNapoleon kept lands– Popular among FrenchPopular among French

ExpansionExpansion

Attempted to restrict British trade Attempted to restrict British trade with all of Europe. Reenter war with with all of Europe. Reenter war with Britain May 1803.Britain May 1803.– Wanted to invade England, defeated at Wanted to invade England, defeated at

Battle of Trafalgar on October 21,1805.Battle of Trafalgar on October 21,1805. Third Coalition made against France: Third Coalition made against France:

Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Britain.Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Britain.– Soon collapsedSoon collapsed

ExpansionExpansion

1806- reorganized German states1806- reorganized German states Prussia was alarmed, joined in war.Prussia was alarmed, joined in war. Alexander I of Russia wanted peace Alexander I of Russia wanted peace

(Treaties of Tilsit)(Treaties of Tilsit)– Prussia lost half of populationPrussia lost half of population– Russia accepted reorganizationRussia accepted reorganization– Russia would follow through on blockade Russia would follow through on blockade

against British goods. against British goods.

Napoleon Era EndsNapoleon Era Ends

Tried to expand his empire to Spain Tried to expand his empire to Spain (1808), failed.(1808), failed.

France suffered counter-blockade for France suffered counter-blockade for Britain (Russia repudiated prohibition Britain (Russia repudiated prohibition against British goods).against British goods).

Sent 600,000 men to fight Russia Sent 600,000 men to fight Russia 1812. 370,000 men killed 200,000 1812. 370,000 men killed 200,000 prisoner.prisoner.

Treaty of Chaumont- March 1814Treaty of Chaumont- March 1814– Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain

pledged to defeat Napoleon.pledged to defeat Napoleon. Napoleon abdicated throne April 1814Napoleon abdicated throne April 1814 Louis XVIII took power, ran away when Louis XVIII took power, ran away when

Napoleon tried to reclaim throne February Napoleon tried to reclaim throne February 1815.1815.– Hundred Days- Allies defeated Napoleon June Hundred Days- Allies defeated Napoleon June

18, 1815.18, 1815.

Napoleon Era EndsNapoleon Era Ends