NARRATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

Karen HopkinsKristi Norman

Yvonne Johnson

EDRM 600Colorado State University

Dr. Karen Kaminski

NARRATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN Background

• What is it?• When do I use it?• Who uses it?

(Ehrlich, Flexner, Carruth, & Hawkins, 1980; Czarniawska, 2004

as cited in Creswell, 2007; Creswell, 2011; Colostate.edu, 1993-2012)

NARRATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNQualitative Narrative

Research problem explore and understand understand and represent

Literature review minor role focus on person’s experiencejustifies the problem minimize use of literature

Purpose statement & broad and general explore meaning of their exp.Research questions

Collect data use protocols collect field texts

Analyze and interpret text analysis researcher retells story

describe information identify themes/categoriessituate findings in situate story in place or setting larger meaning

chronological : past, present, future

Write and evaluate biased approach collaborate with participantaccuracy, depth, realism of the account

(Creswell, J., 2011)

TYPES OF NARRATIVE RESEARCH FORMS

jhkjh

Biography Autobiography Ethnohistory Oral history

Life writings are first hand stories and accounts of individuals and their relationship with society.

Personal narratives are memories of an incident that is important in the person’s life, e.g. a car wreck, birth of child.

Ethnobiography is used to learn about and understand culture.

Person-centered ethnography is the relationship a person has with their sociocultural environment.

STEPS IN CONDUCTING NARRATIVE RESEARCH

Identify research problem Select participant Collect story Restory Collaborate with participant Write story Validate accuracy of report

(Creswell, J., 2012, pp. 513-516)

NARRATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNGetting started

• Record interview• Transcribe story• Retranscription by researcher• Restory by the researcher

EXAMPLE OF THE PROCESS Transcript: Well, I know it wasn’t the first time but I remember this one most vividly. Almost…about a

year ago, I had been trying to quit and I hadn’t smoked for about, I’d say about a moth or more, It think I just didn’t‘ want to do it anymore. There was this guy that I liked at McDonald’s, but

he didn’t like me, he liked my best friend. We all worked at McDonald’s after school until close. Oh, wow, I had nicotine fits a lot. Sometimes you get shaky.

Retranscipton: about a year ago, [s] I [c] had been trying to quit and I hadn’t smoked for about, I just didn’t want to do it anymore [p] was this guy [c], that I liked [a] at McDonald’s [s], but he didn’t like me, he liked my best friend [c] I had nicotine fits [c] a lot. You get shaky [a].

Restory by the Researcher: A year ago, I worked at McDonald’s and I didn’t buy cigarettes for about a month

I had nicotine fits

I got shaky

Setting [s]

Character [c]

Actions [a]

Problem [p]

Resolution [r] (Creswell, 2010, p. 510)

EVALUATING YOUR RESEARCH Keep focus on one participant (or two) Report their experience through their story Retell story chronologically Describe context in detail Report themes (typically 5-7) Collaborate with participant

(Creswell, 2012, p. 516)

NARRATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

Dilemmas in Narrative Research•Authentic•Recall•Fear of retribution•Story ownership

(Creswell, 2012, p. 512)

NARRATIVE INQUIRY EXAMPLE

I Wonder if They Had Ever Seen a Black Man Before?

(Boske, 2010)

RESOURCES

Introduction to Methods of Qualitative Research Narrative Research

(Campbell, 2011)

Writing @ CSU

Colostate.edu, 2012

RESOURCES

(Creswell, 2007)

(Meyer, 1996)

(Keats, 2009)

REFERENCESBoske, C. A., (2010, July) “I wonder if they had ever seen a black man before?” Grappling with issues of race and racism in our own backyard. Journal of Research on

Leadership Education, 5(7). 248-279.

Campbell, J. (2011). Introduction to Methods of Qualitative Research Narrative Research [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IDva7tzliA

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Narrative research designs. Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research,(pp. 501-533).

Boston, MA: Pearson

Creswell, J. W. (2007) Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches. p. 54. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage

Cross, T. (2012). Narrative teaching. Grand canyon university center for innovation in research & teaching [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://cirt.gcu.edu/blogs/thoughts-

on-teaching/narrative-teaching

Franklin, B. (n.d.). The autobiograhy of Benjamin Franklin [Digital photo]. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/imgres?q=autobiography+of+benjamin+

franklin&hl=en&biw=1920&bih=852&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=8eVY31n6zzM-8M:&imgrefurl=http://www.tower.com/autobiography

benjaminfranklinpaperback/wapi/ 117205444&docid=wQgg51ZKTxT5sM&imgurl=http://i43.tower.com/images/mm117205444/autobiography

Benjaminfranklinpaperbackcoverart.jpg&w=200&h=300&ei=9hdET4brDdSztweY_fThBQ&zoom=1NBIHNtgf9h4GOAw&sqi=2

&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false

REFERENCESHosman, K. (2011). Research narrative video [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub9UVchriM0

Keats, P. A. (2009). Multiple text analysis in narrative research: visual, written, and spoken stories of experience. Qualitative Research, 9(2), 181-195. doi:

10.1177/1468794108099320

Kehoe, A. B. (2006). The ghost dance: Enthnology and revitalization [Digtial photo]. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=the+ghost+dance+

ethnohistory+and+revitalization&rlz=1R2ACGW_enUS395&gs_sm=1&gs_upl=0l0l1l1864l0l0l0l0l0l0l0l0ll0l0&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,

cf.osb&biw=977&bih=812&wrapid=tlif132992968397610&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=6x1FT-72CIjftgeM5sCPAw

McBride, J. (2010). Steven Spielberg: A biography [Digital photo]. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/imgres?q=biography&um=1&hl=en&qscrl=

1&nord=1&rlz=1T4ACGW_enUS395US397&biw=1920&bih=852&tbm=isch&tbnid=9Y6sIfp-u7YZZM:&imgrefurl=http://

www.sensesofcinema.com/2011/book-reviews/steven-spielberg-a-biography-second-edition-by-joseph-mcbride/&docid=0BTpUiKe7EH2mM&imgurl=http://

www.sensesofcinema.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Steven-Spielberg-A-Biography.jpg&w=331&h=500&ei=HxhET6m1L8O2tweeoIDhBQ&zoom=1

Meyer, R. J. (1996). Stories from the heart [Digital photo]. Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=FO66oxtufsUC&pg=PA121&lpg=PA121&dq=

our+own+stories+meyer+1996&source=bl&ots=dnjiw6HmL8&sig=xxyUbvEPTo45x2zE0Zt-crd2UzA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bSNFT-u Writing@CSU (2012). Writing

guide: Ethnography, observational research, and narrative inquiry [Video file]. Retrieved from http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/research/observe/