http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal_chart

Natal chart

Size of this preview: 660 × 600 pixels.An astrological chart calculated for January 1, 2000 at 12:01:00 A.M. Eastern Standard Time in New York City, New York, USA (Longitude: 074W00'23" - Latitude: 40N42'51").

In astrology, a natal chart is a stylized map of the universe with the "native" (the individual or subject to be studied) at the center. It is calculated for the exact time and location of the native's birth for the purposes of gaining insight into the native's personality and potential. Commonly used alternative names for the natal chart include birth chart, horoscope, natus, nativity, radix, geniture and genethliac chart, among others. The chart shows the positions of the sun, moon, planets, and potentially other celestial objects, all referred to as the native's "planets," within the frames of references defined by the astrological signs and houses.

The accurate birth time (generally agreed upon as the first breath or intake of air) and location are necessary for the calculation of the exact degree of the signs that are rising, setting, culminating up, and culminating down, known respectively the ascendant (or "rising sign"), descendant, medium coeli (or "midheaven"), and imum coeli (or "lower midheaven"). These degrees, also known as the angles, are essential for mapping the positions of the native's twelve houses.

Contents 1 Example 2 Place and time of birth 3 Erecting the natal chart

o 3.1 Placements of the planets o 3.2 Aspects

4 Rectification 5 Interpretation 6 The solar chart 7 See also 8 References 9 External links

Example

AstrologicalGlyphs-AsteroidsChaldean.jpg (243 × 289 pixels, file size: 14 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)

These are the astrological symbols/glyphs as most commonly used in Western Astrology

No higher resolution available.Astro_signs.gif (403 × 403 pixels, file size: 7 KB, MIME type: image/gif) The symbols used in Western astrology to represent the astrological signs (Zodiac)

The picture to the above-right is a modern example of a natal chart as a modern Western astrologer would most likely view it (though there are variants depending on the specific astrological tradition that the astrologer follows and/or their personal preferences). In this example, a horizontal line through the middle of the chart roughly corresponds with the horizon, with the left side being the place where objects on the ecliptic are rising in the east (the ascendant). The sun is seen near the bottom, since the chart was made for midnight, in the sign Capricorn, since it was made for January 1.

The design, along with the symbols/glyphs used in the chart, can vary widely; some choose to include the Zodiac wheel, while some do not. Also, charts do not have to be round—following the Hellenistic/Roman, medieval and/or Vedic styles, they can be square as well.

The astrological aspects (such as conjunctions or oppositions, among others) are delineated in the center of the chart. The twelve signs of the Zodiac are located at the outer portion of the chart wheel; similarly, twelve segments of arc form astrological houses which are said to have significance for different areas of life. There are many different systems for calculating the houses. The sample chart uses a quadrant house

system of house division whereby the angles of the chart divide the chart into four quadrants with three houses within each quadrant, and in which the houses usually include portions of more than one astrological sign. Each quadrant has an angular house, which includes one of the angles of the chart; a succedent house follows this, with a cadent house at the end of the quadrant.

Place and time of birth

Because the Sun, Moon, planets, and primary angles in the sky are constantly in motion relative to the earth, as each second passes the natal chart/astrological chart is changing (albeit slowly) and a new chart is created for every moment at each location. A natal chart is extremely personal and unique, depending on the specific date, exact time, and precise location of the birth. Even the birth charts of twins are often slightly different because one of the twins is usually born a few minutes apart from the other (see also: astro-twin).

The time of birth can usually be found on the birth certificate in many countries. In some instances, however, the birth times are rounded off by the nurse or doctor that is present to the nearest half or quarter-hour, thus rendering the time only approximately correct. Because of this fairly common practice, the parents should always remember to note the exact time of the child's first breath and not rely on the time given on the birth certificate in the event that they ever plan on having a precisely accurate natal chart calculated for their child. An accurate time of birth is virtually useless if the exact location of birth is not known.

Most charts are geocentric, that is based on the Earth. However, there is no reason in theory why a chart cannot be created for another planet. Some astrologers use Heliocentric - Sun centered - charts. These are theoretical constructions and have a different interpretation to geocentric natal charts. Charts based on other planets would need all the points recalculating from that point of view; for example, "Jovocentric" would be a Jupiter centered view.

Erecting the natal chartMain article: Horoscope

Once the astrologer has ascertained the exact time and place of the subject's birth, the local standard time (adjusting for any daylight saving time or war time) is then converted into Greenwich Mean Time or Universal Time at that same instant. The astrologer then has to convert this into the local sidereal time at birth in order to be able to calculate the ascendant and midheaven. The astrologer will next consult a set of tables called an ephemeris, which lists the location of the sun, moon and planets for a particular year, date and sidereal time, with respect to the northern hemisphere vernal equinox or the fixed stars (depending on which astrological system is being used). The astrologer then adds or subtracts the difference between the longitude of Greenwich and the longitude of the place in question to determine the true local mean time (LMT) at the place of birth to

show where planets would be visible above the horizon at the precise time and place in question. Planets hidden from view beneath the earth are also shown in the horoscope.

Size of this preview: 493 × 599 pixels. Other resolutions: 197 × 240 pixels | 395 × 480 pixels | 493 × 600 pixels | 631 × 768 pixels | 842 × 1,024 pixels | 1,426 × 1,734 pixels.Original file (1,426 × 1,734 pixels, file size: 373 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Natal chart for Martin Luther, also appearing in Sibly's Astrology.

The horoscope is then divided into 12 sectors around the circle of the ecliptic, starting from the eastern horizon with the ascendant or rising sign. These 12 sectors are called the

houses and numerous systems for calculating these divisions exist. Tables of houses have been published since the 19th Century to make this otherwise demanding task easier.

Placements of the planets

Having established the relative positions of the signs in the houses, the astrologer positions the sun, moon, and planets at their rightful celestial longitudes. Some astrologers also take note of minor planetary bodies, fixed stars, asteroids (for example, Chiron) and other mathematically calculated points and angles such as the vertex, equatorial ascendant, etc. Many astrologers also use what are commonly referred to as Arabic parts (or Greek Lots), the most common of which is the Part of Fortune (Pars Fortuna).

AspectsMain article: Astrological aspects

To complete the horoscope the astrologer will consider the aspects or relative angles between pairs of planets. Certain aspects are considered more important than others. Those generally recognized by the astrological community are Conjunction (0°), Opposition (180°), Square (90°), Trine (120°), Sextile (60°), Semi-Sextile (30°), Semi-Square (45°), Quintile (72°), Sesquisquare (135°), Bi-Quintile (144°) and Quincunx (150°). Understandably these aspects are more significant when they are exact, but they are considered to function within an orb of influence, the size of which varies according to the importance of each aspect. Thus conjunctions are believed to operate with a larger orb than sextiles. Most modern astrologers use an orb of 8° or less for aspects involving the Sun, Moon, and Jupiter and smaller orbs for the other points. Some astrologers, such as practitioners of Cosmobiology, and Uranian astrology, use minor aspects (15°, 22.5°, 67.5°, 75°, 105°, 112.5°).

Rectification

When the birth time is known not to be precise, astrologers will try to find the exact time by using a technique known as "Rectification of The Birth Time". The starting point of any rectification is always the known (inexact) birth time. A list of important events and the dates they took place in the life of the native is collected by the astrologer. The death of parents and the date someone emigrates to a foreign country are among the events that will register most strongly when the technique is used correctly. Important accidents and surgeries usually offers strong registration also. For each event the astrologer will calculate Solar Arc Progressions and Directions, Converse Solar Arc Progressions and Directions, and Transits, comparing all these charts with the Natal. The angles are then replaced in the degrees responding to the exercises. According to Dane Rudhyar and several other proponents of the rectification of the birth time, complete accuracy is only possible when the range of doubt regarding the exact time of birth is no more than one hour. After that the possibilities of accuracy drop dramatically and the exercise should not be tried. Currently, many astrologers unacquainted with the meaning and/or techniques involved in the calculation of a rectified chart tend to call any chart calculated

with no known starting point for a birth time a 'rectification'. This is incorrect, for those charts are nothing more than 'speculative astrological charts' with no base in reality. A 'rectification', like the name suggest, is a recalculated chart, always taking into consideration its starting point, the alleged, inexact, birth time.

InterpretationMain article: Natal astrology

Once the natal chart has been constructed the process of interpretation can begin. This is a branch of astrology known as natal astrology, which involves building a complete picture of the personality of the subject, or native. Interpretation involves two main steps - chart weighting and chart shaping. Chart weighting involves noting the distribution of zodiac signs and houses in the chart, and the significance of this to the overall personality of the native. Signs are assessed by element (Fire, Earth, Air, and Water) and by quality (Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable). Houses are assessed by the significance of Angular, Succedent and Cadent houses.

Chart shaping involves assessing the placement of the planets by aspect and position in the chart, and noting any significant patterns which occur between them. This involves noting significant aspect patterns (or groups of aspects), which may appear in the chart and any other patterns, such as Jones patterns.

The solar chart

The solar chart is a natal chart erected when the date of birth is known, but not the time of day.[1] The position of the sun at midnight or noon is taken as the time of birth, and the position of the sun, moon and planets plotted in the chart for that time. This leads to a fairly accurate picture of their position (with the exception of the moon), as most of the planets do not move much in the course of one day. The aspects between each of the planets (except the moon) can therefore be plotted with a high degree of confidence. The sun's position is taken as the ascendant of the chart and equal 777789789789798789789each are used; or alternatively, the sunrise chart can be used, with the sun's position at sunrise at the latitude in question taken as the ascendant.[2]

Although the solar chart is deficient in that it cannot show the ascendant, midheaven or the houses with any accuracy, it can nevertheless provide a fairly accurate profile of a person's character from examining the position of the planets alone.

See also

Astrology portal

Astrological symbols

Angles of the chart o Ascendant o Descendant

o Imum coeli o Midheaven

Astro-twin Astrological aspects Astrological sign

o Zodiac o Astronomical symbols

Composite chart Electional Astrology Event chart Horary astrology Horoscope House (astrology)

o Angular house o Succedent house o Cadent house

References1. Jump up ̂ Robert Pelletier & Leonard Cataldo Be your own astrologer, p62, Pan

Books, London, 19842. Jump up ̂ Maritha Pottinger Astro-essentials , pp390-1, ACS Publications, San

Diego, 1991

External links MyKundali.com: Free Online Kundali Software Free Kundali Android App Online Indian Horoscope with Predictions

Categories: Astrology Birthdays Technical factors of astrology Natal astrology

...............................http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrological_aspects

Astrological aspectFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia  (Redirected from Astrological aspects)Jump to: navigation, search

In astrology, an aspect is an angle the planets make to each other in the horoscope, and also to the ascendant, midheaven, descendant, lower midheaven, and other points of astrological interest. Aspects are measured by the angular distance in degrees and minutes of ecliptic longitude between two points, as viewed from Earth. According to astrological tradition, they indicate the timing of transitions and developmental changes in the lives of people and affairs relative to the Earth.

As an example, if an astrologer creates a horoscope that shows the apparent positions of the celestial bodies at the time of a person's birth (a natal chart), and the angular distance between Mars and Venus is 92° of arc, the chart is said to have the aspect "Venus square Mars" with an orb of 2° (i.e., it is 2° away from being an exact square; a square is a 90° aspect). The more exact that an aspect is, the stronger or more dominant it is said to be in shaping character or manifesting change.

The astrological aspects are noted in the central circle of this natal chart, where the different colors and symbols distinguish between the different aspects, such as the square (red) or trine (green)

Contents 1 Approach 2 Major aspects

o 2.1 Conjunction o 2.2 Sextile — intermediate major/minor aspect o 2.3 Square o 2.4 Trine o 2.5 Opposition o 2.6 Declinations

3 References 4 See also 5 External links

Approach

In medieval astrology, certain aspects, like certain planets, were considered to be either favorable (benefic) or unfavorable (malefic). Modern usage places less emphasis on these fatalistic distinctions. The more modern approach to astrological aspects, grounded more on psychology and tendencies, is exemplified by research on astrological harmonics, of which John Addey was a major proponent, and which Johannes Kepler earlier advocated in his book Harmonice Mundi in 1619.

A list of aspects below presents their angular values and a recommended orb for each aspect. The orbs are subject to variation, depending on the need for detail and personal preferences.

Major aspectsThis section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2008)

The traditional major aspects are sometimes called Ptolemaic aspects since they were defined and used by Ptolemy in the 1st Century, AD. These aspects are the conjunction (approx. 0-10°), sextile (60°), square (90°), trine (120°), and opposition (180°). It is important to note that different astrologers and separate astrological systems/traditional utilize differing orbs (the degree of separation between exactitude) when calculating and using the aspects, though almost all use a larger orb for a conjunction when compared to the other aspects. The major aspects are those that can be used to divide 360 evenly and are divisible by 10 (with the exception of the semi-sextile).

Conjunction

A conjunction (abrv. Con) is an angle of approximately 0-10°. An orb of approximately 10° is usually considered a conjunction, however if neither the Sun or Moon is involved, some consider the conjunction to be a separation (orb) of only about 0±08°. This is said to be the most powerful aspect, intensifying the effects of the involved planets mutually — and being a major point in the chart.

Whether the union is to be regarded as "positive" or "negative" depends upon what planets are involved: Venus, Jupiter and the Sun, in any possible combination, is considered the most favourable scenario (and all three actually met on November 9–10, 1970, for example), while the most unfavourable configurations involve Mars, Saturn, and/or the Moon (with all three conjoining on March 10 in that same year). If the planets are under stress from other configurations, then the conjunction will be said to intensify the stress. When a planet is in very close conjunction to the Sun it is referred to as cazimi; when a planet is moderately close to the Sun, it is said to be combust. The Sun and Moon are in conjunction monthly during the New Moon.

Sextile — intermediate major/minor aspect

A sextile (abrv. SXt or Sex) is an angle of 60° (1/6 of the 360° ecliptic, or 1/2 of a trine [120°]). A separation (orb) of 60±04° is considered a sextile. The sextile has been traditionally said to be similar in influence to the trine, but of less significance. It indicates ease of communication between the two elements involved, with compatibility and harmony between them, but only provides opportunity, requiring effort to gain its benefits. See information on the semisextile below.

Square

A square (abrv. SQr or Squ) is an angle of 90° (1/4 of the 360° ecliptic, or 1/2 of an opposition [180°]). An orb of somewhere between 5° and 10°[1] is usually allowed. As with the trine and the sextile, in the square, it is usually the outer or superior planet that has an effect on the inner or inferior one. Basically, the square's energy is similar to that of a trine but it is intensified to such an extent that the energy is said to be stressful.

Trine

A trine (abrv. Tri) is an angle of 120° (1/3 of the 360° ecliptic). A separation (orb) of 120±04° is considered a trine. The trine indicates harmony, and ease of expression, with the two elements reinforcing each other. The trine is a source of artistic and creative

talent, which is innate. The trine has been traditionally assumed to be extremely beneficial, providing ease even if undeserved, but it can be a 'line of least resistance' to a person of weak character.

Opposition

An opposition (abrv. Opp) is an angle of 180° (1/2 of the 360° ecliptic). An orb of somewhere between 5° and 10°[1] is usually allowed. Oppositions are said to be the second most powerful aspect. It resembles the conjunction although the difference between them is that the opposition causes exaggeration as it is not unifying like the conjunction but instead exalted.

Declinations

The parallel and antiparallel (or contraparallel) are two other aspects, which refer to degrees of declination above or below the ecliptic. They are considered strong influences, though not much research has gone into studying these particular aspects.

Parallel: same degree± 1-degree 12-minutes of arc. This is similar to a conjunction, but usually provides benefits.

Contraparallel: opposite degree± 1-degree 12-minute of arc. Said to be similar to the opposition, but weaker.

References1. ^ Jump up to: a b Orbs used by Liz Greene, see Astrodienst

See also

Astrology portal

Hard aspect (astrology) Soft aspect (astrology) Applying aspect (astrology) Conjunction Opposition Cosmobiology Hamburg School of Astrology

External links An articles on the use of the aspects Online Ephemeris from Khaldea.com -- 600BC to 2400AD—Calculated for

Midnight GMT; also with an Aspectarian included for years 1900 to 2005

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