national infotech - advpowerec.pdf · negative group of thyristors. inbuilt connection of inductor...

Power electronics is the engineering

study of converting electrical power

from one form to another. World-wide,

at an average rate of 12 billion

kilowatts of electrical energy is

generated in every hour of every day of

every year. The power generated is

being reprocessed or recycled through

some form of power electronic

systems. It is expected that this power

processing will increase up to 80% in

near future. Increased use of Power

electronics demanded new power

converters which do not pollute the

grid. Accordingly many new power

converters are developed.

The use of power electronics in power

system control and power quality

improvements are also increased

extensively.

NITech offers a wide range of advance

power electronics converter kits for

studying new power converters and for

studying application of power

electronics in power system. Kits like

multi-pulse converter, PWM rectifier,

PFC using boost converter, multi-level

inverters are designed. Kits for static

var control (SVC) and harmonic

elimination are also designed.

NATIONAL INFOTECH

A way to Power Electronics and Embedded Systems Solutions...

ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS TRAINER

: Developed By :

National Infotech Room No. 202, 2rdFloor, A-19/20,

Road No. 9, Udhyognagar, Udhna,

Surat-394 210, India (South Gujarat).

Phone: +91-9427 752 256.

Email:[email protected]

Web:http://www.national-infotech.com

: Authorized Dealer :

THREE PHASE DIODE CLAMED

MULTILEVEL INVERTER

Trainer for studying IGBT based 3 level diode clamped multilevel

inverter with popularly used modulation techniques.

Specifications: 3-level diode clamped multilevel inverter power module.

Cortex M4 32-bit Microcontroller based gate/base circuit.

Different control technique:

o Square wave mode

o Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM)

o Space Vector Modulation (SVM)

Different mode of control:

o Only Voltage control

o Only frequency control

o Voltage – frequency (v/f) control

Input Voltage: Step down supply voltage of 48 V DC.

Load: Three load resistance of 50 E, three-phase inductance

150 mH.

Three CTs to observe the inverter output current waveforms

12 IGBTs with proper heat sink and snubber circuit, 6 power

diodes.

12 nos. of high speed opto-isolator provided for IGBT PWM

inverter.

12 nos. of IGBT gate driver IC provided for IGBT gate driving.

One no of input DC power supply for gate driver card.

3 phase outputs and DC input terminals are terminated on the

front panel.

All are mounted on a nice cabinet with stickered front panel.

The setup will consist of following cards:

1. 32 bit ARM-Cortex controller card:

STM32F407VGT MCU @168MHz

Buffered I/O Ports using 74HC573

2 DAC outputs

9 ADC input channels with buffering using LM324 IC

On board QEI (Quadrature Encoder Interface) section

5 Keys push to ground

16*2 LCD (JHD162A) display

UART section (RS-232)(IC Max 232)

RS-485 serial communication port

2. IGBT based power card and driver card:

12 Nos. of IGBTs - STGW30NC120HD

06 Nos. of fast acting diodes MUR580

Optical Isolation and driving through TLP 250

Bipolar driving + 15 / -10 V

15 V DC excitation supply for driver card

12 Numbers of SMPS transformer for deriving power supply

for opto-isolator.

3. 24V, 2.1 A DC supply using SMPS

List of Experiments: Study of gate pulse generating circuit for multilevel inverters.

Study of multilevel inverter in square wave mode with R-

load.

Study of multilevel inverter in square wave mode with R-L

load.

Study of voltage control in multilevel inverter controlled with

SPWM inverter.

Study of voltage control in multilevel inverter controlled with

SVM inverter.

Study of v/f control in multilevel inverter controlled with

SPWM inverter.

Study of v/f control in multilevel inverter controlled with SVM

inverter.

Comparative study of SPWM and SVM control in multilevel

inverter

Typical waveforms: Following are the waveforms observed during the operation.

MULTI-PULSE

CONVERTER

(12-PULSE)

Trainer for studying principle operation of

12-pulse converter.

Specifications: Star – Star / Delta supply

Transformer (415 V: 30V: 30V, 500

VA).

02 numbers of six pulse diode

rectifier to form 12-pulse diode

rectifier configuration.

02 numbers of six pulse thyristor

rectifier to form 12-pulse diode

rectifier configuration.

12-pulse rectifier with provision to

study output voltage, transformer

secondary currents and transformer

primary current.

Firing module - 12 nos. of isolated

gate pulses for thyristor converter.

One potentiometer to vary the firing

angle.

Necessary test points provided for

intermediate stage control circuit

waveform observations.

Power circuit – 12 nos. of diode, 12

nos. of SCR with snubber.


1. Power Cards:

Three-phase diode bridge – 12

numbers of. Diode 1N5408

Three-phase Thyristor Bridge – 12

numbers of SCR 25TT12 (10A,

1200V)

Snubber circuits

Three CTs for isolated current

waveform observation.

2. Thyristor Firing card:

+ZCD and –ZCD using diodes

on board 5 kHz carrier using RC

circuit

Pulse Transformer based driving

Gate resistor with anti-parallel diode

List of Experiments: Study of firing pulse generation for

12-pulse converter.

Study of 12-pulse uncontrolled

converter.

Study 12-pulse controlled converter.

Study of source voltage waveform of

12-pulse uncontrolled converter.

Study of source current waveform of

12 Pulse controlled converter.

Comparison of supply Power Factor

of 6-pulse and 12-pulse converter.

Observed Waveforms for 12-Pulse converter

SINGLE PHASE DUAL

CONVERTER

Trainer for studying single phase dual converter working in

circulating and non-circulating current mode of operation.

Specifications: Microcontroller based gate pulse generation circuit.

Observation of intermediate stage waveforms of gate pulse

generation.

Selection switch for circulating and non-circulating mode of

operation.

Experimentation with R and R-L load.

Firing module - 8 nos. of isolated gate pulses for positive and

negative group of thyristors.

Inbuilt connection of inductor for circulating current mode.

Keyboard and LCD display as user interface for adjusting firing

angle.

One DPDT switch for selection of Dual converter with

circulating non-circulating current mode of operation.

MCB protection for input power ON/OFF and protection.

Potentiometer to vary the firing angle.


1. Controller Card:

SST89E516RD 8-bit MCU clocked @18.432MHz


5 Interface Keys

16x2 LCD (JHD162A) display

UART section (IC Max 232)

2. Thyristor firing card:


on board 5 kHz carrier using RC circuit



3. Power card:

Rating: 300V, 5A

Thyristor 25TT12 (10A, 1200V) (8 Nos.)

Snubber circuit

List of Experiments:

Study of gate pulse generating circuit for dual converters.

Study of non-circulating mode of operation of dual converter

with R load.

Study of circulating mode of operation of dual converter with R

load.

Study of non-circulating mode of operation of dual converter

with R-L load.

Study of circulating mode of operation of dual converter with

R-L load.

SINGLE PHASE THYRISTOR

CONTROLLED REACTOR

Trainer for studying working principle of single phase fixed

capacitor thyristor controlled reactor (FC-TCR).

The kit includes: Microcontroller based gate pulse generation circuit.

Panel for demonstrating TCR and FC-TCR principal

Variable reactive load with fixed inductance and variable

resistance.

Single phase fix capacitor which compensate full load reactive

power.

Reactor with Thyristor controlled branch.

Auto / Manual mode of operation

Measuring of reactive power in different load conditions.

01 CT and 01 PT to observe isolated current and voltage

waveforms.


generation.

Power meter for measuring reactive power and other

parameters.

Specifications: Supply Voltage: 230 V, 50 Hz.

Variable R-L load with switching mechanism. (Three Bulbs

and One Inductor)

One Capacitor Bank

TCR branch with back to back Thyristors and inductor.

1:1000 A CT and 230:6 V PT for isolated observation of

voltage and current waveforms.

Multi-parameter meter (Elmeasure) for measuring power

supply current THD and other parameters.

SST89E516RD MCU @18.432MHz based digital gate pulse

generation circuit.


1. Controller Card:



5 Interface Keys








3. Power card:


Diode 1N5408 (1 Nos.)

Snubber circuit

List of Experiments: Measurement of active and reactive power of the load.

Compensation of reactive power with fixed capacitor.

Study of Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR) operation.

Study of reactive power compensation with TCR in open loop.

Compensation with TCR in close loop.

SINGLE PHASE THYRISTOR

SWITCHED CAPACITOR (TSC)

Trainer for studying working principle of single phase thyristor

switched capacitor (TSC).

Specifications:

Microcontroller based gate pulse generation circuit.


generation.

Panel for demonstrating TSC principal.

Variable reactive load with fixed inductance and variable

resistance.


parameters.

3 numbers of thyristor controlled single phase capacitor bank.

Two configurations of thyristor AC switch :

o Thyristor -Thyristor configuration

o Thyristor -Diode configuration


Auto / Manual Operation


1. Controller Card:



5 Interface Keys








3. Power card:



Snubber circuit



Study of reactive power compensation with TSC in open loop.

Study of reactive power compensation with TSC in closed

loop.

THREE PHASE THYRISTOR

CONTROLLED REACTOR (TCR)

Trainer for studying three-phase Thyristor Controlled Reactor

working with fixed capacitor (FC-TCR).

Specifications: Microcontroller based gate pulse generation circuit.


generation.

Panel for demonstrating TCR and FC-TCR principle.


parameters.

1 kVAR three phase delta connected fix capacitor bank.

Three phase Reactor with Thyristor controlled switch.

Auto / Manual mode of operation.


01 CT and 01 PT for isolated current and voltage waveform

observations.


1. Controller Card:



5 Interface Keys








3. Power card:

Rating: 300V, 5A


Snubber circuit



Study of reactive power compensation with TSC in open loop.

Study of reactive power compensation with TSC in closed

loop.

THREE PHASE

THYRISTOR

SWITCHED

CAPACITOR (TSC)

Trainer for studying three-phase Thyristor

Switched Capacitor (TSC) operation.

Specification: Microcontroller based gate pulse

generation circuit.

Observation of intermediate stage

waveforms of gate pulse generation.

Panel for demonstrating TSC

principle.

Power meter is for measuring

reactive power and other

parameters.

3 banks of thyristor switched

capacitor with matching reactive

load.

AC switch (thyristor-diode) for

connecting and disconnecting

capacitor banks.

Auto / Manual Operation.

Measuring of reactive power in

different load conditions.

01 CT and 01 PT for isolated current

and voltage waveform observations.

Principle of TSC is fully

demonstrated with this trainer.


1. Controller Card:

SST89E516RD 8-bit MCU clocked

@18.432MHz


5 Interface Keys





on board 5 kHz carrier using RC

circuit



3. Power card:

Rating: 300V, 5A

Thyristor 25TT12 (10A, 1200V) (06

Nos.)


Snubber circuit

List of Experiments: Measurement of active and reactive

power of the load.

Compensation of reactive power with

fixed capacitor.

Study of Thyristor Controlled Reactor

(TCR) operation.

Study of reactive power

compensation with TCR in open

loop.

Study of reactive power

compensation with TCR in close

loop.

TUNED HARMONIC PASSIVE

POWER FILTER

Trainer for studying tuned harmonic shunt passive power filter

operation.

The kit includes: Three phase diode rectifier with R-load as harmonic

producing load.

Three phase 5thharmonic L-C tuned filter branch

Three phase7thharmonic L-C tuned filter branch

Multi-parameter meter for observing supply current THD in

different conditions.

01 CT and 01 PT for isolated current and voltage waveform

observations.

Specifications: Diode rectifier with rating 600 V, 5 A

Resistive Load bank 1 kW

Three phase 5thharmonic tuned filter L = 80 mH and C = 5

uF.

Three phase 7thharmonic tuned filter L = 80 mH and C =

2.58 uF.

Contactor based switching mechanism for connecting and

disconnecting 5thand 7thfilter bank in the system.

1:1000A CT and 230:6V PT for isolated observation of

voltage and current waveforms.

Multi-parameter meter (Elmeasure) for measuring supply

current THD and other parameters.

List of Experiments: Measurement of voltage, current, active power, reactive

power and THD of source current with the load.

Measurement of voltage, current, active power, reactive

power and THD of source current with 5thharmonic tuned

filter connected in the system.

Measurement of voltage, current, active power, reactive

power and THD of source current with 5th and 7thharmonic

tuned filter connected in the system.

Observation of source current waveform and its harmonic

analysis at different stage of compensation.

DYNAMIC VOLTAGE

REGULATOR (DVR)

Trainer for studying static voltage regulation using dynamic voltage

regulator (DVR).

The kit includes: Load bank up to 1kVA

Inverter with series transformer for series voltage injection.

Microcontroller base gate pulse generation circuit.

Under Voltage, Over Voltage and Over Current protection.

Specifications: Voltage regulation between 180-260V.

Output voltage of 220V

Series injection transformer (180:60V, 300VA)

Inverter for In-phase and out of phase voltage injection

(500VA)

Resistive Load bank of 1kVA

Static voltage stabilizing

Soft starting and overload protection





2 DAC outputs







2. IGBT based single phase inverter card

Buffer input through 74HC14

Optical Isolation through 6N137

Boot-strapping based firing using IR2130

04 Nos. of IGBTs - STGW30NC120HD

04 Nos. of fast acting diodes MUR580

15 V AC excitation supply

On board over current trip circuit

List of Experiments: Study of Voltage regulation and under voltage cutoff with

lower voltages.

Study of Voltage regulation and over voltage cutoff with

higher voltages

Study of Overload protection

Study of Soft starting

Observation of source voltage, injected voltage and load

voltage.

Transient performance evaluation of DVR.

ISOLATED DC-DC CONVERTER

TRAINER

Trainer is for studying 03 numbers of different configurations of

isolated switch mode DC-DC converters.

The kit includes: Three topologies of isolated DC-DC converters:

o Flyback converter

o Forward converter

o Push-Pull converter


Fixed and variable resistive load for open-loop and closed

loop control demonstration.

Stabilized DC supply 24 V DC.

The kit works directly with 230V, 50Hz AC supply. Step down

supply voltage of 24 V DC, fixed load resistance of 200 E and

variable load rheostat of 50 E is provided for experimentation.





2 DAC outputs







2. MOSFET based inverter card:




MOSFET IRF840 (400V, 8A) (4 Nos.)

Diode MUR580 (8 Nos.)




List of Experiments: Study of gate pulses of Flyback, Forward, and push-pulls

converter.

Study of Flyback converter designing.

Study of Flyback converter circuit operation.

Study of Forward converter designing.

Study of Forward converter circuit operation.

Study of push-pull converter designing.

Study of push-pull converter circuit operation.

Typical waveforms:

Following are the waveforms observed during the operation.

(i) Waveforms of forward converter operation:

(ii) Waveforms of push-pull converter operation:

ISOLATED DC-DC BRIDGE

CONVERTER TRAINER

This trainer is for studying isolated bridge configurations of switch

mode DC-DC converter.

The kit includes: Two topologies of isolated bridge converter:

o Half-bridge converter

o Full-bridge converter


Fixed and variable resistive load for open loop and closed

loop control demonstration.

Stabilized DC supply 24 V DC.

The kit works directly with 230V, 50Hz AC supply. Step down

supply voltage of 24 V DC, fixed load resistance of 200 E and

variable load rheostat of 50 E is provided for experimentation.





2 DAC outputs







2. MOSFET based inverter card:




MOSFET IRF840 (400V, 8A) (6 Nos.)

Diode MUR580 (6 Nos.)




List of Experiments: Study of Gate pulses of half-bridge and full-bridge converter.

Study of half-bridge converter designing.

Study of half-bridge converter circuit operation.

Study of full-bridge converter designing.

Study of full-bridge converter circuit operation.

THREE PHASE PWM

RECTIFIER

This trainer is for studying Three Phase

PWM Rectifier Operation.

The kit includes: The experiment setup consists of three-

phase PWM rectifier, 32-bit Cortex M4 ARM

microcontroller based controller for gate

pulse generation, and load. Test points for

current and voltage waveform observation

across different elements are provided.

Detailed features and specifications are as

listed below:

Isolated 110V, 50Hz three-phase AC

input voltage.

Boost Converter with 220V, 2.0A

capacity.

Current Transformer for current

waveform observation.

Digital control circuit implementation

using latest Cortex M4 ARM 32-bit

microcontroller (STM32F407VG).

Slow outer voltage control loop

working at 100 µSec and fast inner

current loop working at 10 µSec.

Two different current control method,

Average Current Control and

Hysteresis Current Control can be

studied.

Accessibility to monitor the gate

pulses of the boost converter.

Rugged packaging with plug and

socket type banana connector.

32 bit ARM-Cortex controller card:



2 DAC outputs

9 ADC input channels with buffering

using LM324 IC

On board QEI (Quadrature Encoder

Interface) section





The pictorial view of the front panel of the

kit is shown below.

Typical Waveforms: VS (Source Voltage) and IS (Source

Current) Boost Rectifier in Average Current

Control Mode

VS (Source Voltage) and IS (Source

Current) Boost Rectifier in Hysteresis

Control Mode


Current) Boost Rectifier in Peak Current

Control Mode

BOOST RECTIFIER

WITH POWER

FACTOR

CORRECTION (PFC)

This trainer is for studying operation of

Boost Rectifier with Power Factor

Correction.

The kit includes: The experiment setup consists of low

voltage boost rectifier with PFC, 32-bit

Cortex M4 ARM microcontroller based

controller for gate pulse generation, and

load. Test points for current and voltage

waveform observation across different

elements are provided. Detailed features

and specifications are as listed below:

Isolated 40V, 50Hz AC input voltage.

Boost Converter with 70V, 1.5A

capacity.

Series shunt resistor across source,

inductor, switch, diode and load for

current waveform observation.

Digital control circuit implementation

using latest Cortex M4 ARM 32-bit

microcontroller (STM32F407VG).

Slow outer voltage control loop

working at 100 µSec and fast inner

current loop working at 10 µSec.

Two different current control method,

Average Current Control and

Hysteresis Current Control can be

studied.

Accessibility to monitor the gate

pulses of the boost converter.

Rugged packaging with plug and

socket type banana connector.

32 bit ARM-Cortex controller card:



2 DAC outputs

9 ADC input channels with buffering

using LM324 IC

On board QEI (Quadrature Encoder

Interface) section






kit is shown below.

Typical Waveforms:


Current) with Boost Rectifier in Voltage

Control Mode


Current) Boost Rectifier in Average Current

Control Mode


Current) Boost Rectifier in Hysteresis

Current Control Mode

HIGH VOLTAGE

DIRECT CURRENT

(HVDC)

TRANSMISSION

Electrical plants generate power in the form

of AC voltages and AC currents. This power

is transmitted to the load centers on three

phases, AC transmission lines. However,

under certain circumstances, it becomes

desirable to transmit this power over DC

transmission lines. This alternative

becomes economically attractive where a

large amount of power is to be transmitted

over a long distance from a remote

generating plant to the load centre.

This Trainer is to demonstrate principle

operation of HVDC transmission system.

The experiment setup consists of converter

station and inverter stations, made using

six-pulse converters for making bipolar

configuration of HVDC.

Microcontroller based control circuit along

with multi-parameter meter is provided to

observe and demonstrate bidirectional flow

of power. Test signals for current and

voltage waveform observation across

different elements are provided.

Detailed features and specifications are as

listed below:

Panel for demonstrating HVDC

transmission system.

Kit works directly with 415V, 50 Hz,

three-phase power supply. Required

step down transformer for generating

110 V, three-phase voltage is

provided internally.

Control circuit works with 230V, 50

Hz power supply and required low

voltages are generated internally.

Multi-function meter is provided in

converter and inverter station for

measuring three-phase line

parameter like voltage, current,

active power, reactive power etc.

Meter for measuring converter and

inverter side DC voltage and current.

LCD display for displaying firing

angles of converter and inverter.

Bidirectional flow of power possible.

Observation of source current,

device voltage and DC link voltage is

possible.

Principle of bipolar HVDC is fully

demonstrated with this kit.

MCBs are provided for protection.


kit is shown below.

Converter Station:

Inverter Station:

Control Unit:

Typical Waveforms:

Waveforms of output voltage (Vdc) and input AC current of converter

station (for Firing angle 30°)

Waveforms of voltage across device and input AC current of

converter station (for Firing angle 15°)

Waveforms of output voltage (Vdc) and voltage across device of

converter station (for Firing angle 15°)

Waveform of input AC current of converter station and inverter station

(for Firing angle 15°)

national infotech - advpowerec.pdf · negative group of thyristors. inbuilt connection of inductor...

Documents