NATIONAL CONFRENCE ON AGRICULTURE NATIONAL CONFRENCE ON AGRICULTURE

FOR FOR

KHARIF COMPAIGN - 2013KHARIF COMPAIGN - 2013

Department of Agriculture, Punjab

VENUE: NASC, PUSA COMPLEX, NEW DELHI.

PUNJAB AGRICULTURE : AN OVERVIEW

Punjab produces about 11% of country’s and 2% of world’s Rice Punjab produces about 11% of country’s and 2% of world’s Rice

• Area (geographical) : 50.4 lakh ha

• Net sown area: 42 lakh ha (84% of state’s area)

• Irrigated area: 40.73 lakh ha (98%)

– Canals : 11.15 lakh ha (27%)

– Tubewells : 29.56 lakh ha (71%) through 13.84 lakh

tubewells

• Total cropped area: 78.75 lakh ha

• Cropping intensity: 189.4%

• Cropping Systems : Rice-Wheat; Cotton-Wheat; and Maize-

Wheat

• During 2011-12 Punjab produced a 292.16 LMT of food grains

Strategies and Initiatives for XII Plan

NEED FOR CROP DIVERSIFICATION

Encouraging results of new initiatives BGREI (Bringing Green

Revolution to

Eastern India)

Increase in production in some States to meet most of their PDS

requirements

Alarming groundwater depletion due to rice cultivation.

Increasing Electricity subsidy bill

Need to sustainably manage natural resources of the state for future

generations.

Consequently, Punjab must diversify from rice-wheat rotation, primarily rice

The Govt. of Punjab has submitted Memorandum to GoI on 29.10.2012 for Diversification of State Agriculture away from Paddy.

PROPOSED PLAN FOR DIVERSIFICATION

Crop Current area

(lakh ha)

Potential area

(lakh ha)

Districts

Rice 28.0 16.0 Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Tarntarn, Ferozepur, Kapurthala

Maize 1.3 5.5 Traditional areas Cotton 4.8 7.0 South-western districts Sugarcane 0.7 2.6 Majha and Doaba regions Guar - 0.3 South-western districts Kharif Fodder 4.0 5.5 Throughout the stateArhar Negligible 0.6 Central districtsMungbean 0.2 0.6 Central districtsKinnow 0.4 0.8 Traditional areas Guava 0.07 0.2 Hoshiarpur, Ferozepur, Agro-forestry 1.3 3.0 Kandi belt and Cental districts (Poplar);

South-western districts (Eucalyptus)Groundnut 0.2 Hoshiarpur, NawanshaharTurmeric, chilli, tomato, garlic, Capsicum, Kh. Onion

0.2 0.5 Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala, Jalandhar, Amritsar

YEAR-WISE PLAN FOR NET SHIFT IN AREA FROM PADDY TO ALTERNATIVE CROPS

CropYearly proposed net increase in area (000 ha)

1st year 2nd year

3rd year 4th year 5th year 6th year Total

Cotton 50 50 50 50 - - 200

Maize 25 50 50 100 100 100 425

Sugarcane 25 25 25 50 50 - 175

Pulses - 10 10 20 30 - 70

Fodder 10 10 20 30 30 - 100

Fruits and Vegetables 10 25 25 25 - - 85

Agro-forestry 15 15 25 30 30 30 145

Total 135 185 205 305 240 130 1200

INITIATIVES FOR DIVERSIFICATION

A remunerative MSP to create infrastructure for cultivation of alternate crops, to cover the production risks and to incentivize the farmers to shift

Creation of an efficient marketing infrastructure and mechanism for alternate crops

Availability of quality seeds for alternative crops.

An appropriate national trade policy in agriculture for export led diversification.

Opening of trade for all crops through Wagha Border and provision of freight subsidy.

Adequate funding for technology generation and dissemination

Infrastructure for agro-processing through rural industrialization

Interventions/ Activities during 2013-14

RICE

Year Area (lac ha.) Productivity (Kg./ ha.)

Production (lac MT)

2009-10 28.02 4010 112.36

2010-11 28.31 3828 108.37

2011-12 28.18 3741 105.42

2012-13(E) 28.45 3996 113.69

2013-14(T) 27.50 4000 110.00

PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS

INTRODUCTION OF NEW WATER SAVING TECHNOLOGIES VIZ. TRANSPLANTING ON RAISED BEDS AND DIRECT SEEDING OF RICE.

ASSURED SUPPLY OF CANAL WATER AND ELECTRICITY (FOR 8 HOURS) FOR TIMELY TRANSPLANTAION.

USE OF LEAF COLOR CHARTS FOR NEED BASED APPLICATION OF NITROGENOUS

FERTILIZERS.

FARMERS FIELD SCHOOLS TO BE ORGANIZED .

MAIZE

Year Area(lac ha.)

Productivity(Kg./ ha.)

Production(lac MT)

2009-10 1.39 3414 4.75

2010-11 1.33 3693 4.91

2011-12 1.26 3981 5.02

2012-13(E) 1.29 3650 4.71

2013-14 (T) 1.50 3600 5.40

PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS ARRANGEMENTS OF ABOUT 30000 QTLS. OF HYBRIDS SEEDS TO ACHIEVE 100% SEED REPLACEMENT. EMPHASIS ON PROPER PLANT POPULATON THROUGH MACHNISED PLANTING STRESS ON INM AND IPM.

KHARIF OILSEEDS AND PULSES

KHARIF OILSEEDS KHARIF PULSES

Area Production Area Production

2009-102009-10 0.10 0.06 0.14 0.12

2010-112010-11 0.08 0.06 0.15 0.12

2011-12 0.07 0.05 0.13 0.9

2012-13(E) 0.06 0.04 0.11 0.9

2013-14(T) 0.13 0.09 0.23 0.19

PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS

EFFORTS TO INCREASE AREA UNDER SUMMER MOONG. ADOPTATION OF IMPROVED HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES ESPECIALLY

FOR RAPESEED, MUSTARD AND SUNFLOWER

PROMOTION OF IPM AND INM.

Area: lac ha Production: MT

COTTON

Year Area (lac ha.)

Productivity(Kg/ha)

Production(lac bales)

2009-10 5.11 667 20.06

2010-11 4.83 641 18.22

2011-12 5.15 535 16.21

2012-13(E)

4.81 581 16.44

2013-14(T)

5.20 640 19.58

PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS

MORE AREA UNDER BT. COTTON HYBRIDS - ARRANGEMENTS OF 25 lac PACKETS OF APPROVED HYBRIDS. ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF CANAL WATER DURING APRIL FOR TIMELY SOWING OF COTTON. PROMOTION OF IPM ON COTTON SUPPLY OF QUALITY PESTICIDES AND THEIR EFFICIENT USE.

SUGARCANE

Year Area(Lac ha)

Productivity(Kg/ha in cane)

Production(Lac MT)

2009-10 0.60 67600 40.56

2010-11 0.70 70059 49.04

2011-12 0.80 70664 56.53

2012-13(E) 0.82 69195 56.73

2013-14(T) 0.95 70000 66.50

PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS PROPAGATION OF SEED THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE. STRESS WILL BE LAID ON SOWING ON RIDGES AND TRENCHES TO SAVE IRRIGATION WATER. PROMOTION OF IPM ON SUGARCANE.

CAPACITY BUILDING OF FIELD CAPACITY BUILDING OF FIELD FUNCTIONARIES AND FARMERS FUNCTIONARIES AND FARMERS

Two-day workshop for staff of Department of Agriculture, KVK and FASS regarding kharif crops on 13-14 Feb, 2013.

District/block/Village-level Farmers Training Camps in collaboration with PAU

Awareness campaign through print and electronic media

Road side panels and hoardings under National Food Security Mission

Demonstration plots, field days and Farmers Field Schools

Display boards depicting details of components and rate of assistance available under various schemes at each office

Awareness campaign amongst farmers for use of Kisan Call Centre.

KHARIF PROSPECTSKHARIF PROSPECTSArea =Lac.ha. Prod=Lac.MT.Area =Lac.ha. Prod=Lac.MT.

Sr. No.

CROP Kharif 2012 Proposed Target - Kharif 2013

Area Prod. Area Prod.

1 Rice 28.45 113.69 27.50 110.00

2 Maize 1.29 4.71 1.50 5.40

3 Bajra 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.05

4 Kharif Pulses 0.11 0.09 0.23 0.19

Kh. Food Grains 29.87 118.51 29.28 115.64

5 Kharif Oilseeds 0.06 0.04 0.13 0.09

6 Sugarcane 0.82 56.73 95 66.50

7 Cotton 4.81 16.44 5.20 19.58

RABI ASSESSMENTRABI ASSESSMENTArea= Lac.ha. Prod.= Lac.MT.Area= Lac.ha. Prod.= Lac.MT.

S.NO.

CROP Rabi 2012-13(Estimated)

Rabi Prospects 2013-14

Area

Production

Area Production

1. Wheat 35.15 176.38 34.70 163.00

2. Barley 0.15 0.54 0.20 0.70

3. Pulses 0.10 0.12 0.25 0.30

Rabi Food grains

35.40 177.04 35.15 164.00

4. Rabi Oilseed 0.35 0.46 0.50 0.65

5. Sunflower 0.20 0.35 0.25 0.45

Specific Issues of the State

ISSUES

Crop Diversification

Climate change.

Stagnating productivity and increasing cost of production

thereby decreasing margins of farmers.

Non procurement of alternate crops at MSP.

Degradation of natural resources i.e. soil, water and

environment.

Attack of yellow rust on wheat

Good Agricultural Practices and Success Stories

Rice• Use laser land leveler for precision land levelling before puddling to

enhance on farm water use efficiency and other farm inputs• Restrict to timely sowing of nursery(second fortnight of May) and

timely transplanting schedule (second fortnight of June) for better grain quality, water saving and low building up stem borer

• Use Leaf Colour Chart for nitrogen application• For the management of bacterial leaf blight disease, grow rice

varieties PR 111, PR 113, PR 115 , PR 121 and PR 122

Laser land leveler Leaf Colour Chart

………..Rice• Use tensiometer for scheduling

irrigation• To save water, plant early maturing

variety PR 115• Stop irrigation about a fortnight

before maturity• Avoid transplanting paddy in poor

sandy soil• Regular monitoring of insect

population • Synthetic pyrethroids should not be

used for the control of rice insect-pests

• Use seed treatment to avoid seed borne disease.

• Avoid mixing of varieties of basmatiTensiometer

Cotton• Grow only recommended varieties / hybrids resistant / tolerant to cotton

leaf curl viral disease.• Must soak delinted seed in water for 2-4 hours.• Heavy pre-sowing irrigation is must to obtain good germination and

early establishment of plants.• Give 4 sprays of 2% potassium nitrate (13:0:45) starting at flower

initiation, at weekly interval.• Eradicate alternate hosts of cotton leaf curl virus/volunteer cotton plants

before sowing, to avoid the multiplication and spread of disease.

LH 2076

………Cotton• Avoid growing bhindi, moong, arhar, castor, dhaincha in

and around the cotton fields to avoid simultaneous build up and spread of pests and diseases to cotton.

• Follow cultural control for management of mealy bug.• Spray to control jassid only when it reaches economic

threshold level of second Injury grade i.e. marginal cupping of leaves.

• Avoid tank mixing and use of readymade insecticidal mixtures.

• Follow Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM) strategy for effective management of insect pests.

• Use fixed type hollow-cone nozzle which discharges 600 ml of spray material per minute for efficient pest control.

Bt Cotton• Grow only recommended hybrids Bt cotton.• Avoid sowing Bt cotton in light sandy soils.• Give first irrigation 4-6 weeks after sowing

depending on soil type. Last irrigation in September is must.

• Grow non Bt cotton as refuge on the periphery of Bt cotton to prevent development of resistance against Bt in bollworms.

• Control sucking pests and tobacco caterpillar as and when situation arises.

Maize

• Grow maize without any preparatory tillage with zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown wheat.

• Sow the maize in trenches made by tractor /bullock drawn ridger from end- May to mid- June to facilitate easy and economical irrigation during dry and hot weather conditions.

• Use of Leaf Colour Chart for nitrogen application

• To avoid flooding, drain away excess water by making a drain of adequate capacity at the lower end of the field. LCC in maize

PulsesMoong• Grow yellow mosaic virus

tolerant varieties of moong PAU 911, ML 818, ML 613

• Inoculate the moong seed with recommended Rhizobium culture at the time of sowing.

• Grow moong without seed bed preparation with zero till drill after conventional and zero till sown wheat

PAU 911

…….PulsesMash• Grow mash varieties Mash 114

and Mash 338 which are fairly resistant to yellow mosaic virus, bacterial leaf spot and cercospora leaf spot diseases. Mash 338 is also tolerant to jassid and whitefly.

Arhar• Sow arhar without any tillage

operation with zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown wheat

Mash 114

……Pulses

Soybean• Grow improved varieties

SL 744 and SL 525 which are resistant to yellow mosaic virus. SL 525 is also tolerant to stem blight and root-knot nematode.

• Inoculate the seed with specific bacterial culture at sowing to supplement the nitrogen supply to the crop.

SL 744

….soybean• Treat the seed with Captan or Thiram @ 3g/kg

of seed against soil borne disease. If soybean is being sown for the first time in the fields, use bacterial culture only.

• Sow soybean without any tillage operation with zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown wheat

• Grow soybean on raised beds in medium to heavy soils

• The rows should be covered with wheat or paddy straw to ensure proper germination and seedling emergence.

Sugarcane• Grow varieties fairly resistant to red rot i.e. CoJ 85, CoJ 83,

CoH 119, CoJ 88, CoS 8436 and CoJ 89 .• Use recommended seed rate to ensure good stand of the

crop.• Avoid late planting of sugarcane as it reduces tillering and is

more attacked by insect pests especially shoot borer.• Keep the crop free from weeds using recommended chemical

and cultural control measures• Do not apply excessive dose of nitrogen than recommended.

Over dose will cause lodging of the crop, resulting in poor cane yield and quality.

• Do not allow the crop to suffer from drought especially during hot months.

• Save the crop from lodging by earthing up and propping• Protect the crop from frost by irrigating

Sugarcane Trench Planter

• Use paired row trench planter for sugarcane planting.

• It saves 15-20% irrigation water

• It gives 8% higher yield than conventional planting

Oil SeedsGroundnutImproved Varieties• Grow SG 99 variety which is tolerant to

bud necrosis disease.• Avoid sowing groundnut in the same

field year after year, as this practice results in heavy build up of soil-borne disease.

• Prefer P from superphosphate. In the wheat-groundnut rotation, if the recommended dose of phosphatic fertilizer has been applied to wheat, its application to groundnut can be omitted.

• Expose the soil to the sum during May and June to reduce nematode population.

SG 99

Sesamum• Grow sesamum on well-drained, sandy-loam

soils.• Prefer sowing of RT 346 variety which is

moderately resistant to Antigastra capsule borer. • Sow this crop in the first fortnight of July after

receipt of adequate rain or with the application of pre-sowing irrigation. The early-sown crop suffers from phyllody-virus disease.

Other CropsGuar• Grow recently recommended new variety of Guar

HG 365 which is an early maturing variety (105 days).

BEST PRACTICES ADOPTED• Laser land leveling• Bed planting/DSR/Zero tillage• Maximum area covered under HYVs• Maximum usage of certified/quality seeds and Adoption

of Seed Treatment• Fertilizer to be used on soil test basis• Timely sowing of Paddy and transplantation after 10th

June.• Promotion of Hybrid maize and its plant population.• Promotion of IPM technology in Cotton, Paddy and

Maize.• Relay cropping in standing cotton crop.

Success Stories of District Gurdaspur

36

Oil Seed Crops

No. of demonstrations organized - 577 No. of farmers benefited - 5368 Expenditure incurred – 4.25 Lakh Area under oilseed cultivation prior to ATMA – 3058

ha Current area under oilseed cultivation – 5542 ha District average yield of oilseed – 1115 kg / ha Average yield recorded in the demonstrations for

oilseeds – 1575 kg / ha

?

37

Oil Seed Crops

38

Sowing of Gram on Raised Beds

No. of farmers trained – 165 Productivity improvement in gram – 20-25% District average yield of gram – 815 kg / ha Average gram yield recorded in the raised bed

system – 1035 kg/ ha

39

Sowing of Gram on Raised Beds

40

Sugarcane • No. of farmers trained – 1869• Area under Sugarcane prior to ATMA – 17582

ha• Current area under S’cane cultivation – 24682

ha• District average yield of S’cane – 500 qt • Average S’cane yield recorded under inter-

cropping demonstrations – 650 qt/ha• Farmers are getting one additional crop as

bonus with minimum expenditure

41

Intensification Of Sugarcane with intercropping of Wheat

42

Bud chip method of sugarcane cultivation

44

Turmeric• No. of farmers trained – 678• Area under Turmeric prior to ATMA – 5 ha• Current area under Turmeric cultivation –75 ha• Processing- One processing plant has been

installed by Green Gold FIG

Field of turmeric and processing plant

CRITICAL GAPS IN STATE PLAN 2013-14

• PROVISION OF BUDGET FOR CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN THE STATE

• RELEASE OF FUNDS SHOULD BE PRIOR TO THE SOWING OF CROPS

• ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR SPECIAL COMPONENT REQUIRED TO BE ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF OPERATIONAL HOLDINGS OF THE FARMERS IN THE STATE.

THANKSTHANKS