National Elm Trial in Vermont- 2014 • Established: 2005 • Located at University of Vermont, Horticulture

Research Center, South Burlington, Vermont • Visitors are welcome-please check in at the office • 18 cultivars in trial • Soil is a glacial till loamy sand (Windsor Loamy Sand)

but this site is particularly very sandy. • Insects and Diseases were minor issues here: • Best performing cultivars: ‘Princeton’, ‘New Harmony’, ‘Morton

Plainsman’ Vanguard, ‘Morton Glossy’ Triumph, ’Morton Stalwart’ Commendation, Morton ‘Accolade’, ‘New Horizon’, ‘Patriot’, ‘Pioneer’, ‘Prospector’

• Poor performing cultivars: ‘Everclear’, ‘Prairie Expedition’,

‘Emerald Sunshine’, 'Emer II' Allee, ‘Frontier’

National Elm Trial Contact

• Dr. Mark Starrett.

• Department of Plant and Soil Science

• The University of Vermont

• Burlington, VT 05405

• Mark.Starrett@uvm.edu

• Phone: 802-656-0467

Vermont Site Map

National Elm Trial

trees planted April 22, 2005 (1 through 14), 15 and 16 planted in 2006, and 17-19 were planted in 2007

Re-randomized 3/31/07

REP.5 19 REP.4 19 REP.3 19 REP.2 19 REP.1 19

po

nd

17 8 2 17 18 15 11 18 2 13

14 18 10 12 16 10 3 4 15 5

4 9 14 4 17 9 15 14 6 14

11 2 16 8 11 14 12 5 4 10

ROAD

16 7 18 11 1 8 1 7 7 16

15 10 6 3 13 6 17 6 12 9

12 5 9 15 5 7 2 13 3 11

north 1 13 1 7 4 2 10 8 18 17

3 6 5 13 12 3 9 16 1 8

tractor pole barn

1 Double Pink Emerald Sunshine elm U. propinqua 'JFS-Bieberich'

2 Purple 'Emer I' U. parvifolia

3 Pink (one stripe) 'Frontier' U. carpinifolia X U. parvifolia

4 Dark Blue 'Homestead' U. glabra X U. carpinifolia X U. pumila

5 Orange 'Morton Glossy' Triumph U. pumila X U. japonica X U. wilsoniana

6 Red & Yellow 'Morton Plainsman' Vanguard U. pumila X U. japonica

7 Purple & White 'Morton Red Tip' Danada Charm U. japonica X U. wilsoniana

8 Yellow & White 'Morton Stalwart' Commendation U. carpinifolia X U. pumila X U. wilsoniana

9 Light Blue 'Morton' Accolade U. japonica X U. wilsoniana

10 Orange & Dark Blue 'New Horizon' U. pumila X U. japonica

11 Red & White 'Patriot' (U. glabra X U. carpinifolia X U. pumila) X U. wilsoniana

12 No Paint 'Pioneer' U. glabra X U. carpinifolia

13 Yellow 'Prospector' U. wilsoniana

14 Dark Blue & Red 'Valley Forge' U. americana

15 'New Harmony' U. americana

16 'Princeton' U. americana

17 'Everclear' U. parvifolia

18 'Prairie Expedition' U. americana 'Lewis & Clark'

19 'Jefferson' U. americana

Vermont National Elm Trial

‘Morton Stalwart’ Commendation TM (U. carpinifolia X U. pumila X U. wilsoniana)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 14.0

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase

Insects: minimal issues

Diseases:

Comments: one tree with broken top, one tree with sparse foliage.

strong grower, broad spreading – can it handle wet snows?

Moderate choice for this region

‘Valley Forge’ (Ulmus americana)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 80%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 19.8

Height (m):

Crown shape: vase to oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: reason for dead tree unknown

Good choice for this region

‘Frontier’ (Ulmus carpinifolia X U. parvifolia) ‘Homestead’ (U. glabra X U. carpinifolia X U. pumila)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 6.6

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase, Oval

Insects: Mites and insect feeding

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Slow growing, thin crown, two trees are

50% dead and others are not looking good.

Not recommended for this region

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 12.5

Height (m):

Crown shape: vase to oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: minor fungal leaf spot

Comments: Sparse canopy, few leaves

Moderately suited for this region

‘Patriot’ (U. glabra X U. carpinifolia X U. pumila) X

U. wilsoniana ‘Pioneer’ (U. glabra X U. carpinifolia)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 16.5

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase and Oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Strong grower

Good choice for region

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 80%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 19.8

Height (m):

Crown shape: vase to oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: some trees with sparse lower canopy

Good choice for region

‘New Horizon’ (U. pumila X U. japonica) 'Emer II' Allee® (U. parvifolia)

Date: 7/2015

Survival: 0%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm):

Height (m):

Crown shape:

Insects:

Comments:

Not recommended for region

Date: 8/2014

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 20.8

Height (m): 9.2

Crown shape: Round to vase

Insects: finger gall mite damage on leaves

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Strong grower with uniform/upright habit

Good choice for region

Spouts from root stock

‘Morton Glossy’ Triumph TM (U. pumila X U. japonica

X U. wilsoniana) ‘Morton Plainsman’ Vanguard TM(U.

pumila X U. japonica)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100 %

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 20.3

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase, Pyramid,

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Medium growth, one tree with 10% crown

dieback.

Good choice for region

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 21.3

Height (m):

Crown shape: Pyramid, Vase

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Tall with nice up rigth growth with nice leaves.

Good choice for region

‘Morton Red Tip’ Danada Charm TM (U. japonica X U. wilsoniana)

‘Morton’ Accolade ® (U. japonica X U. wilsoniana)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 17.6

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase to oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Attractive, dark green foliage, full dense crowns

Good choice for this region

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 60%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 19.6

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase and Pyramid

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Strong grower, nice upright form, dark green/attractive foliage

Moderate choice for region since 2 trees died for unknown reasons.

‘Prospector’ (U. wilsoniana) ‘Emerald Sunshine’ (U. propinqua)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 17.5

Height (m):

Crown shape: vase to pyramid

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Dense canopy with large leaves

Good choice for this region

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 9.2

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase

Insects: None

Comments: Weak, stunted, thin canopy with 20 to 50% of

the crowns dead, with only a few chlorotic cupped leaves

Not acceptable for this region

‘Jefferson’ (U. americana) These Jefferson reps were found to be the same cultivar as Princeton

‘Princeton’ (U. americana)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 80%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 7.4

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase

Insects:

Diseases:

Comments: not sure why these trees did not grow as well as

the Princeton cultivars since they seem to be Princetons.

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 15.1

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Impressive grower, upright habit, very dense branching pattern,

attractive tree, can it handle heavy wet snows?

Good choice for this region

‘Lewis and Clark’ Prairie Expedition® (U. americana)

‘New Harmony’ (U. americana)

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 100%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 13.7

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase to oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: Narrow, upright habit with strong, central axis

Good choice for this region

Date: 9/2015

Survival: 80%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 6.9

Height (m):

Crown shape: vase to oval

Insects: no major issues

Diseases: no major issues

Comments: weak grower with broad spreading habit

Not recommended for this region

‘Everclear’ (U. americana)

Date: 9/2015

Survival:80%

Diameter at 1.4m (cm): 2.2

Height (m):

Crown shape: Vase and Round

Insects: mite damage

Diseases: yellow chlorotic leaves, frost damage?

Comments: Narrow, upright habit with very poor growth and branch

development

Not suitable for this region

Trial Establishment Images-2005