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·'' .. y-. �{.;C"• :)t-r_.,.1·1 t• 1cy party a cu11t'.n.ii:1.! li'.:1�h·� l \'.\>r.d pnli�ic�.·) c:C�i ri.1 :rly 3 .• 1Jl" ;1-t-J11};_ on 1..1"'.C Jan!at<.:<ln riu\!:y, 'h-"'�:'fili:i 1:-. JH)\ un\,\' pe;.·\'('�·:-iL'. ,1
:·� : ,.u .• t:c ;,n i1C v:;:..-1 or of 1l1e nuinbc:..· of year:� �,)0!'1t ... �·1 i:-. fc-1.� .l'd i_..:!nu.·:u1c"-� ol \\'l1;1t t�.r 1 •• t. f' jA'al .11 s�.pcr\'iso.-s (I( t!1r Br ·� is i11 th1• !(:l.\Jcr sll10d (,1; :.:1d :c·-�-l 1'1.:V '/c>h:;1 111L:. t �H> .,. !·11:111.\'. avd-;urit.v r�thcr L1.-dl ;1_..; �O�J vc�d� :tn �idth:(l "-·11:ll...:n pt l\ 1 '·�·c·,,(, · 11 • ·� •. �. Dr. Tn.•.'!ll n·�1na�0ff10:1t in L:l1 ;.·1d:i.1 � .11 'he .J�t1ndit't-111:-.' dC'.,;re til tels-�_:, "CC' 1 ld,V of ll�c flC!" .,�! the• (Hllitic..:i:ll t!l'l'i:-·i�11:.- . .-�11., I C->\'(·:· life f'1r 11«-'11;-;L.\·1�:-, .. :
i.r· -:- 1, "p,)i�Uc;-d .!"-'r't1 :0-.! P.!'df'C . .;�. 1.·1 ti1C'1�· O\\'!� 1..C'�·1�1:-:. 1 l b..;·..:111 1 o�.t..in .\r, �fi ·1rd 1'1. 1- Quite npa1 l f1·un1 nnt. t • .i: �\r-! \\·:1�, GL).1 rcfi..!!--C .... t" a .... :o·:\1'' •1 !"' ,, ·v n! lo ..... '/ 1s !1t·1!1'�• standin� tlic n1(:ci1an1f.rn i,•f, cd�c 1:1c al r1c �t d y n·lll'1\'rtJ'1.-.
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National Library of Jamaica
E:1glish·in.9n �11d AmeriC'.am Jc,·.- T,E! thci ,. '"''h pcopl<'. 11'. 'lY i'-. .t oi r'
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The rcvie1vc-r unfo1·tunot,:1.\· hL t::.�'.-,1.: :-t:'n't of a ""'· ·1:.-;ncc: ··._ .. ... cte:c: their
_:nor:_ ., -.(r ,itli.c v. iti-t.r�y;; l!1:tl u11Lor;.;i.\·o.blc ''"<
ti:1acceiJ�:.tJl1.:� position th�t :�L:r- I .soc:ct v has ��l� c.tpaci�.\· .10:·1 lntc�·1lc1l t!"<· t1vc !l1\C;! . • ·�·)n
and CX!1:·(':';_�H1:L Thi;:; �:' ·,1 �:�ii'· tbc \\·hoh"' :::;pirii of sell-;.:::.;\'� crn111cnl · 11·' 1ci1 is what .)Tau. Icy and the :\rw .Jamaica i; '1 l)Ollt.
1"\.:::nt1 ·"'e,1. He n �' -1�,c.: ]\f,"::i.-.if'_v ior no! c._1::- •ilH:tln.-6 ··a p.:::·iec·· �-t ".\tlls i:1 · i'G rot .. tin� won1iJ" or the 01d co!o� 11ial 5ociety z -,cl j�, . ..irc3 th· .. fc;ct th:n :;.1�:11t.::· 'X�s c;ui !..ri;:;hUy ''pre-ocl cC w:til tlv"' tcchniq•wr0 of de!:\ <::v 3:·.cJ in-fant care".
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.L.:'-'-· erect: "�;i:(' Ln�· p:: �·ty : \\"Oll __,,·e.·v,:he:ln11 • . . -
�;.1�l on ::i ;J0�:t: .. -.l iJl':._�.{(), tJ·.::.t. !1;·,d r10 p-c cnsio:1s l·cvulli'..ion2.ry icrvour.
:\Jen.'' :\T;lnlry on('(' rr:11arkc· .
GL).� Lchavcs ':l5 t > .. t"; ... g � cutL:!ry \\'a::: l'c.:.:.dy for 1 I a
(1:-,c 1nan pciTiiciou.::1_.: l)cu.·.:.1.. d it. i:\-:n ycl !O be: co:1s1r.c2r.
the .. Ja1naic<.. . . � Wdn:2d �ocia!i:.n1.
"stand :stn,ii�·f':c;t ,,-hen thr.' arc L.leir O\\ n 1nasltr�:· would dd \\"C'lJ for .J3n1aica · \\"ilo h:tY.t"' <'Ollll' after, llC\'t't to for�ct- tllis �implc thou�·bt
.. PcrvL·rsii.y !]--.tn1bcr li\·c Jlo·,\· J I!�Ltr.1.!y L-drn nun1{)c.r foL.i 1 i.l!JU\'C'. Il 1..:5 L) ciO \\·i·.:1 th1.. rc\'ic \1.·..:!"·s ntscY�1tions OL l\�l.inl.c,\··s s6c:�1.;.brn and (1.=.r Cil'C qu11e �!'Cqic.:tablc. T.11."''- 1 rc:·lccl Lh(· st· i,·i.: criiici�«ns ,.;J 1 all whu ha\·c \\:alkcd Lhe 11i11.: of den1ucrdtic soclallsn1 inc.:un- 1 L1,:; t:12 British Fabian.;. . : is in �;1:ect sayin� that. �L-L lc,v should have adootr-ci h"•:;llt..tionary ovc:-throv ... .
' of i": )in nial J;:,n1aic.:a or ior_�C't ... J:JX1. , socialism,
• 1;.Ee o. GLM c;slil 'c·a; .v nL.o ·..: �:].<
into tbe tC;xt �nterpre:,.i� v:1S There cil10L .··1· !)if' -, ()( �)Cfthr.t ,�:ould _n ::>11e;:i1ey1 so�1�l ."':cc�i\- · 'cy \...�L?>.·i · ·:1icll ei!..l1er .i.nto_ a far� or c.n ..... r �1 _.::; !�1_, p1acc :i. ·' rc:T-Or .. ·ib10. portu.r..is.tll a.� :1e c:l_: ... h.:._ .. � l"C'\._\\·c. It r�tc·· to ·:\i<� --1.�:.."s
early in t. __ ::.�c'lie\\-. rc:,c,;tcci cull �·Jr vo!L • . l'=l·r�v }c::l
-der�hii)· GL).1 ungra�;dll� ··
PoTitic;'i rema.i.:� . . •. -� art of the cicc:u�c� �Jnnlcy f;f cx�-_.r.l):1.. . .. .!°>
po:::sible ctnd . _____ .. Jcracy irr .. ::.;lies clients � .; :::i .:;;ucc� .... �ful b;;-... ·jstcr co:npro1nise. Th.� fou11d.-..,_.; c,: "with t1is Ox: _·ct cL;:,�ec:.-. Jamaic3 Welfar_ Limit<a ;s1 wh1k ;;..<kin;:; the "Et.le i:1". nov; ;.
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iven . io · u e . c ap�;>::.li stl i'1 the (O\.m'.' '\,. to.
�"(! \C Zer�1t�.:·;::iy" Dt'c;..:·..-.:-� 1'v1.r. _vl:::n - the P a1·0.:·!11c.J .JOrt.� d ""'-ley \11.·.a..'. ,grac1c _,;·_: enoi; �'.... ·,o r112i!11 bursec. 8. t :".._·c.2p2nce.. ,.
;;ive dt.;.C credlt ti") ·. c :�:L'i�- 1 _ • • � . ... ...
:�tr�!� _';�:s ,�;, 7, �p��" �;,�_�f:1 ) Tl��� ,10�se/\,,�0u:�sit !.��:e. :.2,��� nne rn��t1t .. �;--" ..,11 1\\n1l;l ·;.._�. 1::.s "h��b fc._. ·· 1"'- -.lcy t.:·.sc: the iounclin;: of · -�e C'hn: ��n ·poor, \v:1i.:::h cc:_·. !:c�:uly be �tl.C.
This echoes :'1c argu:ncn� of 1 C.n11T11 J-.y 1:;1c '.-,�·;-· , n'r;:l)- of many Tl:irc. \\"r;;-lcl ::ioli·:-enemy ·er Cl1ri. �- P1"· .. <l. cian.5 of his �t:r., ... :c. :\o;
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one sc'11nol of an;;1 J.,·.st.� who' \\'.1uld take a dccidccilv Marx- But tbi.< i� not •. . c P'-'·"·· ,t;;mist-Lenln!si po.::!ti0)1. · :\1dn1c.'· . �lei \Velia re L'�.,it���; !later nc\·cr pretended to be a Marx- Con1n1fr:-;1vnJ \ .. -.... iG ... �dcd by jst ::1nd th1Jur;{h he .stubbornly M.1n.lcy. nu� Zc _, i�·rn..v � in hdci on to 'the l«bel "social- Maule"·, pl'e-::o •. oF,t j;� ,. ,, <trl-1srn r:� rc.:peated1_y found clif- n1jttccilv. But . t \\:as iuttnd< �· ficu'.tle� in 111aking the irn-nudcci creed fit into In; J:i-n1r1!ca!1 pe.:rceptions.
njt t1J kill �he ·co-,:q.:ier�.;trv �··
ich;a· . ..:JF GL\1 sug�(·��<l<:., 0·;t. r.:ither 'o prrc 1\1ie: 1� U1n1·�;;.h' '·T�]1:;1tar,\ rir- -\ icf: t.i;�-..::i.;�i1out is htirdl.v �-:_1rpri�·111g :ha� in I.lie 1t:>n�U1 ctrJ<l' t) 1· c 0 ri i :1 ol hJs "":tc1np1 lO :n\·esi ihe in1-1 .... r3n1aiCrl· port<nior. \\·itt1 sun1c rc:lc\'anc(!,
he c:-?dcd up dclive rin:• le ·s That sa.n1t \Ve_f d :.. •1 .. i :.�:.nn tl12n t'n.:: tcx:tboo�s den-i;nd��. 1 \\-3_; to fErv� a .-�-, · �, l·, .. :·� :Mo-i :m�ialists who have bo;·- J con''. u_nt1l it ,, .. �. re l,C•_·'i rowed 1he creed have bccn 1 not 01:1y fC'r t'.1.0 Cocl.' --•
Un\i..-itL�:."� ·· r cvi s.:onl stE .. '. T11c:: · but ·:ne er�L c .. ; - ·J11:: '.'!!
patt.:=n·1 ·)e ·rsi·=t � \vi th ve· ' \::10 !." .. a i:i_ a. \Vf..,- tL::.._ ·_...;; Ba., .. I ance.
1 . .. ., � � - a . ligc- ! nana. F'.:. .. i:rGJccL: Co-•� i.ru::bt hc._\-e nev.--.: ha>. Tile :_·, "·:':':\�·/ :�t
tlte: ircc le:;;:.._ ,";..;:»::c.:.: he ,:; � .. x ..:,; tbi'VUS"l"1Vt.'i": his c:a_· ·..:;r to:-;,e::: in· .. 0 :-1.C201..t:1t.
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0� unp::;.:o. ,.-0J�L1tecc '."\, .. ·: But just ;..::: �i1c . C>�un.:1. pliL�-�ical p; n . . .: . ..:; :n .J : • ..:: i .·
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::;:rctJt drld c:orrup:io: iL pt:(J · .... lit e \\':i.l 'Jc that r�v�: 1.·,,,, .... � from i.hc s:11'..1 lc;t . . K:cc:· .. strcarn. 1\lnrco'.·2!·. i.� ···� :-..:n 0111 ::-c:�iou:o; r:b1-1U� p; "�il. hff.v dcn-;ocr:.c.\· �L('::. t.�c \.l;'ll�1!_'.V \\'C'.,\' ;� l)j•; . .-, l'1' •I
n1c1h�;d oi : .• (::-11�v . :1;..., lt. t)-;�-� Y!-.!...\: .. ey 1.\'(:I:'- l ... ;!:1":�·
A i:.,.-.-,ily tree oi socialism wot.cd n:·odt.; :::e :·,t least l 2 branches, 1 � . ..:, .:··�:-· :::0�:::1:� oi the divisions· '\ . . :1:1: ..;ac�".i branch or str2i11. :?c:<�.;..�� there i3 .sor:-:e:::.:�:.::; t�e ·rT1a ... tc \Viu1 -the \V!1o!es:;.Je ::Y1-
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ra va;e; (1£ • ' t'Ji i_c. \', Ti,.e�·e 1.� ::till a11::, l \\:h1c�·1 <:"a141e .�Gt.-- 0r. • .r:: -�· �;;;. iy-:-·�:_:.i)l.'.::� attac::� ",,��i· ........ vf fbP. J\l.3nley.:('..t"r11111 · �1\1 l",("'�1>
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�< .. .f·"; ; '.C1.lll� tJ·un the rt::- � \'. \\'e1· > . . . , whether Manley I �.\·.l: . . ... :. �-:i..s1 F.a:�a.!1 1
. Foul'crian Cle-,�;r;:jl. '.tUce.' C\owherc i;; t'nc I c; JC:>::, 1(1 put as . to \1,:hc"i.l1cr :.L::r1lc\· \n:ts hirnsc!f. We ai:c I :.c·re ·
s1 : 1� b?ing ;.;ubj�ctcd i.cY) '.�'. ·� �, �. 1� �.'.�i::1r������ ! c- .';�r-:r;:;.�:1\�.��1c�� ;
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. .. 101· ... \'.-n_c;i. !vI::inley. n101·e ' .. :;:, . ., ot1'. :· of hl� collcr. .. . ,:·l ! . �.il·.:..::-�t.(\'.:. �u1.i he took ."'i ·p.:-: 1..·; .- • that 'If ·rl !'.'.c:!i:�rn 1x:· h il;: source
·r�y co:·ni�-:� fr-urn cJ:;c.t">Uld �<:c. ·1 'cQhcq1cral'
h3bit now iL(TC,·:. "r- . cYiclcnt �1n1ong �o-c::1'th:i 11 1c!!1..•cluah in thcic crtL('iSll1 n[ ihc:.r collcLL.:nc5' wor.'\. This �urns (ff
n1oven1e11t ·evv ��.- .: .. . cry for Bl;:;.ci� ! .. �k�rci .. 1
oj '"r \\ 11 ·�·l-in ;.; sird;:�tion \\·hich "· s con- 1 r":!rncri j1:'in1rHil:v \\·ii'1 tr��n:::f• P1ii"1" .i <Jn:"lican.:-· into r1rchi-
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oersi111:1\ itbul: r;;,.the!· 1'1·11 on far s-. . .-01n bein:! ;tt.1!c1r• . . ··1 . ... 1·'· _:·d111l�rl�-' _ dct, .. ..:r:cd a1;.a�,\'�l.�: \ '�ac..' 1t \•;a5 �-cn1:::irl'\.�1.:+: • • iu GL '.'.! s rc1crc11cc tn C.1.-i1u '. thnt �!. lLs a.'.;e h2 cot.ia . . •-; !-i:nt<'rtt�· , .. r:�:dn.... h�:-1 llie \ the sii:;nifh:r:ir.c·e �i .,.. ior I;.-; ;;.e: .. q.; 1111 '..\ inp, �hat Po\,·er .,_,.hC'n f:1c ::-,:-;t�� •. li_ Mank,_. cLd -''1• is .J�ccc t incluchng th-:.,, ol 1r.'.(.,\0;;�,1 • U1nt i::-.d•C\\-s I rnan,v in 1-(1 !1 �,( 1 ) . ')"\'l \ \' . , ,,[ ·.he c· :ban 1otiC.Sl �1, .n • ; .... . ;..
li'"' Jdi1)d.I- I r0garw.:..o Jl :1:-) l '. ;_ • �
slt!:�di(l·l vi:-;.;:-.�\-� 1 "- tl°J be exoccis��d 1;·0:" «nui;:,-. ('X tniination :nHl 1 c.1n cirt·tt:n��l ;!"1l:l tir:i.ci:il n1id,:\t. .. 1�:�1� �1 tl1P ;.t.url�· of .Ja1·11ai-
(' .. r. fHJJlt:c� �f. to 1l'ie ih cl 1 t.a nira11 i..�full�. I'>rll!IP• H1�1·e \• �on·,r-th1nz in th<'. r.;\tllr(' 0�· 1 lhc t i11t�n.•�ly Eu;-upean er�('(] - .. ,G-ri:• Ii m-that Thirrl 1\'odd "ount. H !\ho u l d <')..�.n,ine more • _ rdully.
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scc:ins tu :-.Li!J,1·1."l· ·r:" , l' i . ...; ;i ··llin··· <«.:.} . ( ,l
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.t t .1•11.;t I <·1arc �;i' he t:.:.ik ... �n mallc:r.
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! The .st.i.;ip..;_· � t;:: ,:;'.:iVC 1·t.ay -ve:-y j soon h��· v�r;.di�z.;.ted: B 1 a ck i ?o�.1ler _.as ::at st�:·prisin�Jy.; settled ;:::o :.t:::> n:..tu:-�.1 place I in the 2c-:iety. r,ia:!lcy un-doub:.�e:;y i�:.<iulged the sen�i
bilities o!: his genera::on and subskmed the :..:�ue of ''colour" under the ;·.;:tona.list idesl,
just 85: Bt:sts 11-:.3rJt� subsuraed it· under � h '..Jo•..;r:ct label.
StarLin.c. ·wilh tt.e ho\� EJV�l'· th:,-:,
R�sta.fa.rian!J. d:J11en�ion of
our life ,._._,5 brou,;:ht back into focu• - "' iact \\'hicll :\L:n-1·�· L1 ·!iuctiYcl,\" ::rasped aod j rP!-.P('ftecl- To (:{'nr him, tlH'n, j any 11,,inccrity in hi·� uudrr 1 �1.: t1.tli•l;.!' of thf" C'olnur prohl"n11 is tti i.�·non� t,;l:-> f:;,.t� as rec- / nrdrd in ta� Y\"'f"y hook hdn::;: I J'C\"if"W-r:<l.
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h1 ht . .:; fil1!:i1 ·'})e:r> \\'as a !o�ic- j ;d rle\·elD:1rncnt. 9:fe 'vo� not i
f'-.;:.ictlv c:or.etJ to ne;,v ldca,., j an\l h� fr,··;�-;: !h,� trOilLlr: {-) rP-tid .lTl :..t1 of tnc ava�!.:ibll llt�ratTJr1 < 1 t":"l01• ::nent:; in t 111' Ti,�,·rl °' 't.1rlC:-a n1n�,t. unt1..,11a.l thtt:; "·11o_t polit1-c1ans of hL; Lin dl"ld an ex-atnl)le' \1.<'licl'l lvi.t·�i .. day leede:-; would te -., ·n advi�.:cd to folk>\\·, th.;t· J'.) kc..�ptr:� a'Oreast of .conte-rr�.pcra:-y �o:.;ial and pol!rical :11•1 :;J11 ..
This i..:. 0;·i!y nn� c,f rhe r·1cH1y 1e��r.n;.; t(') hf' lc:tttt iroin tt·te pr"'nod 1n \\ 1icli I\�c . . :l�y flouri.�hed ·�Ln 11) ,,.h�ch he con· iributcd . .\o; J\'ia!1ley under
stood if. hi' E>nd ·i.i<r:.ect a
11e\i,· Or-'�-·" ing fol· .Ta.nalca nnr1 H '''n1�1rl ,· c f1Y1l:�b for 3�1::nne nnt t.iJ ,.,. .. a.--:: :'\"'anlr-y rHHJ th� :\ • 11· .1 ""·l"·"· wllh th:o. Yer.v im;·ort;nt f,;"ct h 1'·1 Ind. It iz un.fortunat"' th.ot GL:\f fa.ilii:d in th1:, very !nportant task.