national register of historic places !~ =· multiple property ......this form is for use in...

NPS Fa<m !CHIOO·C

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United States Department of the Interior National Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form

.. "')" - !~ ...... =·

N.!.TIONAL REGISTER

This form is for use in documentmg multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts See instructions in Guidelines tor Completmg Nst1onsl Reg1ster Forms (National Reg1ster Bulletin 16). Complete each 1tem by markmg "x" in the appropnate box or by entenng the requested informat1on. For additional space use contmuat1on sheets (Form 10-900-a). Type all entnes. .

A. Name of Multiple Property Listing

Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia

B. Associated Historic Contexts

Establishment of the Original Boundaries of the District of Columbia

C. Geographical Data

The boundary markers of the original District of Columbia located in the Commonwealth of Virginia are within the jurisdictions of the counties of Arlington and Fairfax and the cities of Alexandria and Falls Church. They are spaced at more or less regular intervals of one mile along a line drawn between the UTM coordinates 18132276014295280 and 18131157014306900 and between the UTM coordinates 18131157014306900 and 18I315080j4310370.

_See continuation sheet

0. Certification

As the designated authority under the National Hrstonc Preservatron Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that th1s documentation form meets the National Regrster documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submiss1on meets the procedural and profess1onal requir ents set fonh m 6 FA Pan 60 and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Planning and Evaluation.

/7 ~ lf7a Date

r, Virgi~ia De~artment of Historic ReEources State or Federal agency ana bureau

I, hereby, certify that th1s mulliple property documentation form has been approved by the Nat1onal Reg1ster as a bas1s for e luating related properties tcr lis!lng ..... the Nat1onal Reg1ster.

A

E. Statement of Historic Contexts

, Discuss each historic context listed '" Section B.

ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ORIGINAL BOUNDARIES OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

In the summer of 1787, the framers of the United States constitution confronted a long list of issues, ideas, problems, and solutions concerning the new government.

One such issue was the location of the capital of the new United States. To deal with this problemj the framers wrote the following in Article I, Section 8 of the constitution:

"The Congress shall have Power To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square {a square of ten miles to a side, or a hundred square miles }) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States.

Many sites had been proposed as the new capital city even before the first Congress began its deliberations. Congress passed the Residence Act and it was signed into law by President George Washington on 15 July 1790. When the act was signed, Virginia and Maryland had already passed laws ceding land to the new government. The actual area approved in the act was more than the ten mile square allowed in the Constitution. The passage of the act was possible due to a compromise on the issue of the capital and the separate but important issue of the assumption of the states' war debts by the federal government. 1

Under the Act, President George Washjngton had the final decision on location of the exact ten mile square within the area designated as well as the three commissioners who were to supervise the survey of the site. 2

on 22 January 1791 Washington appointed Thomas Johnson and Daniel carroll of Maryland and David Stuart of Virginia as "commissioners for surveying the District of Territory accepted by the said act".

[23 See continuation sheet

'United Statea Department of the Interior National Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

Section number --"E"--- Page _ __;;1_

OoH ,__- ,_,,

Two days later, President Washington issued a proclamation establishing the beginning point of the boundary lines "Running from the Court-House of Alexandria in Virginia, due South West half a Mile, and thence a due South East course". The President went on to state "I do hereby declare and make known, That all that part within the said four Lines of Experiment which shall be within the state of Maryland and above the Eastern Branch, and all that Part within the same four Lines of Experiment which shall be within the Commonwealth of Virginia ... is now fixed upon, and directed to be surveyed, defined, limited and located· for a Part of the said District accepted by the said Act of Congress for the permanent Seat of the Government of the United States 11 •

3

Washington's choice of the land necessitated an amendment to the Residence Act, as the southern part of the area chosen was not part of the land described in the act. 4 Washington's square included the port of Alexandria as well as its wharfs. The southern boundary was only four miles from Mount Vernon.

Major Pierre L' Enfant was chosen to lay out the proposed city while Major Andrew Ellicott was assigned to survey its boundaries.~

Ellicott, born in 1754, was a professional surveyor and a member of the American Philosophical Society and owned what have been described as the finest surveying instruments in the United States at that time. These instruments are now housed in the National Museum of History and Technology, Smithsonian Institution. 6

He had been completing important surveys since the revolutionary war, including the survey of the boundary between Virginia and Pennsylvania begun by Mason and Dixon. He was also responsible for the survey of the west boundary of Pennsylvania, from the Ohio River to Lake Erie, a line that stands today. 7

In 1788 Ellicott, with his younger brothers, surveyed the western portions of the New York/Pennsylvania boundary; this survey included the first accurate measurement of the entire length of the Niagara River and its falls. 8

He was a mathematics professor at West Point from 1812 until his death in 1820, and is buried at West Point.



Section number __ E_ Page __ 2_

Ellicott had often used his brothers in his survey work, but they were unable to help him survey the federal boundary due to other commitments. He needed an assistant to make the astronomical observations. A cousin suggested Ellicott contact his neighbor, Benjamin Banneker. Banneker was a free black who had a lifelong interest in mathematics who had taught himself the principles of astronomy. Ellicott retained Banneker to make the astronomical observations and the necessary calculations to establish the location of the south cornerstone. Ellicott and the field crews did the actual surveying. Banneker worked on the survey from February to April 1791, when ill health forced him to return home. He was more than sixty at the time. 9

Ellicott was in Alexandria by early February; the survey started on February 12. The procedure for laying out the square was a simple one. Before undertaking to define the square, Ellicott traced a meridian at Jones Point on the west side of the Potomac River, laid off an angle of 45 degrees from this meridian to the northwest, and continued in a straight line in that direction for ten miles. 10 on February 23, the Alexandria Gazette stated that Ellicott had finished the first line of this survey of the federal territory in Virginia and had crossed, below Little Falls, the river on the second line. He made a right angle at the end of that line with a straight line which he carried off in a northeasterly direction, also for ten miles. He made a right angle at the end of the second line and carried it off straight for another ten miles to the southeast. Finally he carried a line from the terminus at Jones Point to meet the end of the third line. The lines were measured by means of a chain, examining and correcting them each day to be sure there were no changes affecting its accuracy. It was plumbed wherever there was uneven ground and it was traced with his transit and equal altitude instruments. 11

In March Ellicott moved his quarters and his office to Georgetown due to the survey 1 s progress. L 1 Enfant joined Ellicott there. L'Enfant was continuing to map out the plan of the Federal City. Fearing profiteering land speculators, L' Enfant would not allow anyone to see the plan. Ordered by the commissioners to reveal the plan, he instead left the United States, taking all copies of his plan of the District of Columbia with him. Banneker reproduced it from memory in minute detail, thereby allowing the work to continue. 12



Section number --=E~ Page ----=-3-

In late March, President Washington met with local landowners and examined Ellicott's survey and L'Enfant's plan. He commended Ellicott for his work. 13

When Ellicott had completed the survey to the extent that the south corner was determined, the south cornerstone was ceremoniously laid at Jones Point on 15 April 1791. The survey work continued, as did the laying out of the streets in L'Enfant's plan.

The laying of the cornerstone was a great event. On Friday, 15 April 1791 Daniel Carroll and Dr. David Stuart, two of the three commissioners appointed by Washington, arrived in Alexandria. The mayor, town officials, and the ord~nary people walked from Wise's Tavern in Alexandria to Jones Point. The master of the Masonic Lodge and Dr. Stuart, assisted by other masonic brothers, placed the stone pursuant to Ellicott's directions based on Banneker's calculations; after which a deposit of corn, wine, and oil were placed upon it and remarks made by Rev. James Muir. 14

The survey crew cleared twenty feet on either side of each marker along the survey line. The fourteen stones on the Virginia side of the Potomac River were placed that first year, in 1791. Markers were not always placed exactly at mile distances, if in doing so, the marker would be in a stream or otherwise on unstable ground. The four sides were inscribed as follows: On one side, the word "Virginia"; on the opposite side, the words "Jurisdiction of the United States"; on the third side, the distance in miles and poles (if the marker was not at exactly one mile away from the other marker), and on the fourth side, the magnetic compass reading. 15

The stones on the east side of the Potomac River, separating Maryland from the new federal city, were placed in 1792.

When surveyed in 1879 by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the square was found to not be an exact ten mile square. Each line was found to be more than ten miles long but not of equal length. 16

In 1846 the U.S. government retroceded to the State of Virginia that portion of the original District of Columbia lying on the Virginia side of the Potomac. 17 The stones thus ceased to serve as the boundary between the federal territory and Virginia. They were



Section number ~E"'--- Page _......:4:-

used, however, to establish the boundaries of Alexandria County, (now Alexandria city), Falls Church city, and Fairfax County, including present Arlington County, and thus defined, and continue to define, the boundaries between the Northern Virginia local jurisdictions.

Recognizing the historical value of the stones, observers have been calling for their preservation and protection since the 1890s. One of the important early efforts was that of Fred E. Woodward, brother of the founder of Woodward and Lothrop Department stores, who read a paper on the stones before the Columbia Historical Society in 1907. 18 He persisted in his efforts and in late 1914 addressed a committee of the District of Columbia Daughters of the American Revolution regarding the stones and his efforts to preserve them.

on April 7, 1915, the committee passed a resolution that Mrs. George P. Conway, Chairman, presented at state Conference: "That the D.C. DAR take up for part of their patriotic work for the year the preservation and protection of the old boundary stones on which are recorded the oldest records of the District, by placing an iron fence around each stone, to be done by Chapter or individually." The recommendation was endorsed by the State Regent and adopted by the District of Columbia Daughters. Sponsoring District of Columbia, Virginia, or Maryland DAR Chapters paid the sum of $1 for permission to erect the fences around the milestone. Deeds, in the following form, were made to the committee by the various landowners:

At the request of your representative, Mrs. Geo. P. Conway, Chairman, and Mrs. Velma Sylvester Barber, Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer, of your said Committee, I, the Undersigned, for and in consideration of One Dollar in hand paid: DO HEREBY GIVE AND GR~T to your said Committee permission to erect on my land surrounding the Boundary Mile-stone Marked 'Jurisdiction of the United States,' which is located on Avenue, a suitable iron fence for the preservation of said Monument, the area of said grant not to exceed one yard square of



Section number __ E_ Page __ s_

ground of which the said mile-stone is the center; the same to be placed under the special care of Chapter, D.A.R., __________ is now the Regent. Witness my Hand and Seal the day of _______ _

A.D. 19

Gichener Iron Works installed the iron fences measuring about three feet square by five feet high, with the corner posts set in cement, at a cost of $18 each. The cornerstone fence was much larger, (five feet in diameter), the cost being $43. A bronze Daughters of the American Revolution marker was placed on each fence with the stewardship chapter's name.~

As the Washington metropolitan area has changed, so has DAR stewardship responsibilities for the stones. New chapters have been formed and old ones merged or disbanded. Some stones have had changes in their steward chapter, while some have been under the stewardship care of the same chapter for more than seventy-five years.

While the elements have continued to erode the stones, the stones remain in surprisingly good condition since the surveys done in the 1890s and early 1900s. Although at least one stone has been broken in recent years (but repaired due to the diligence of the DAR), no other stone has been lost or further damaged since the DAR fences were placed around the stones. The fences make the stones noticeable, and even if people do not understand their significance, they seem to have understood that they should be preserved. The fences also make the stones less likely to be indiscriminately plowed over or bulldozed under.



Section number __ E_ Page __ 6_

ENDNOTES

1. June Robinson, "The Arlington Boundary Stones, 11 Arlington Historical Magazine, (October 1989): 5-7.

2. Ibid. P. 7.

3. Columbia Historical Society, "The Writings of George Washington Relating to the National Capital," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 17 (1914): 3-6.

4. Robinson, P. 7.

5. Robinson, P. 7.

6. National Capital Planning Commission, Boundary Markers of the Nation's Capital, (1976): 7.

7. Robinson, P. 8.

8. National Capital Planning Commission, P. 7.

9. Ibid. Pp. 7-8.

10. Ibid. P. 8 .

11. Robinson, P. 14.

12. Nye, Edwin Darby, "Boundary Stones, 11 The Washington Star sunday Magazine, (June 23, 1963): 7. ·



Section number --=E=-- Page __ 7_


14. John Clagett Proctor, Proctor 1 s Washington and Environs, { 1949) : 102-103.


16. Edwin Darby Nye, "Revisiting Washington 1 s Forty Boundary Stones, 1972," Columbia Historical Society Records, vol. 48 (1973): 741.

17. Statutes at Large and Treaties of the United states of America From December L' 1845 to March 3, 1851, Vol. IX (1862): 35-37.

18. Fred E. Woodward, "A Ramble Along the Boundary Stones of the District of Columbia with A Camera," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 10 (1907): 63.

19. National Capital Planning Commission, P. 37

20. Ibid, P. 37-38.

F. AssOCiated Property Types

I. Name of Property Type Boundary ~arkers of the originijl Distric~ of Columbi

II. Description

SUMMARY

This Multiple Property Documentation Form is for the twelve boundary stones now located in Virginia that marked the original District of Columbia boundary. Andrew Ellicott, assisted by Benjamin Banneker, surveyed the boundary in 1791. The first stone was placed at Jones Point on 15 April 1791. The year the stone was placed is engraved on the stone; in the case of the Virginia stones, the date on each stone is 1791. A total of forty stones

Ill. Significance

The boundary ~arkers of the original District of Columbia are of national importance.

~s a group, these stone markers are the enduring physical evidence of the establishment of the permanent seat of government of the United St in one of the first comprehensively planned cities of modern times. T are also directly associated uith two figures of national importance, Andreu Ellicott, the principal surveyor of the entire capital city and other important boundaries and cities, and Benjamin Bannel~er, a gifted free black astronomer and mathematician who collaborated 11ith Ellicott in the survey of the capital's boundaries. The markers are also the first monuments erected by the United States.

IV. Registration Requirements

Each Boundary ~far leer must be in tact, its location known and marked, an if moved, preserved in a nearby location. If not the original marker, its replacement must be at least fifty years old.

[]See continuation sheet

0 See continuation sheet tor additional property types

. · United States Department of the Interior

National Park Service


Section number _F __ r _r Page __ 1_

were placed to mark the ten-mile square boundary. Fourteen stones are in Virginia, twenty-six share the border between the District of Columbia and Maryland.

All of the forty stones were in place by 1 January 1793, when Ellicott certified that:

These lines are opened, and cleared forty feet wide, that is twenty feet on each side of the lines limiting the territory: And in order to perpetuate the work, I have set up square mile stones, marked progressively with the number of miles from the beginning on Jones' Point, to the west corner . . . thence to the place of beginning on Jones' Point; except in a few cases where the miles terminated on declivities, or in waters; ... On the sides of the stones facing the Territory is inscribed, 'Jurisdiction of the United States. • on the opposite sides of those placed in the Commonwealth of Virginia, is inscribed 'Virginia,' and on those in the state of Maryland, is inscribed 'Maryland. 1

on the third and fourth sides, or faces, is inscribed the Year in which the stone was set up, and the variation of the Magnetic Needle at that place. 1

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The markers were sawed from sandstone, from the Aquia Creek quarries near Stafford, Virginia, which were leased by the U.S. Government. The intermediate markers were one foot square, two feet in height above the ground and two feet below the ground. The cornerstones were three feet in height. Above ground, they were sawed, not cut with a chisel; below ground they were rough


OA.II ~- '~''


Section number F I I Page 2

cut. The top was bevelled for four inches, forming a frustrum of a four-sided pyramid. 2 The same stone was used in the old part of the capitol and the middle part of the White House. 3

The carvings on the stones appear to be done by the same stone carver, with the exception of the Southwest #1 stone. 4 The original engravings were as follows 5

:

I \f_ ;-1'\; \

Y6r. f).J 3 c.. <:~ > 1]92. I::C

E. > 2.:. ~~ )> :Ill ;~ -v

~ "' 't,o ;a~ r b;:. bn ~ ,. .... 9 tn=' ~i 6 "1!

l'o 'io

~ .. 11 !1"' it"

~ 1! i! ... .. Ill

~

;---'I \/~1-~ ... l"O' Ju.,:t~Or:: '791 tJi~IN~

TIC>N c#' ~~~

UHtTII:D

STAT£~

'Mdd

North Cornerstone Typical Intermediate Stone

Two hundred years of weather, pollution, and the urbanization of the area has had its effect on the markers. Even after retrocession of the land back to Virginia, the stones remained. The twenty-foot clearing on either side of the boundary markers grew back to forest. Urbanization of the area followed. Some of the stones are in good condition; some have been moved to make way for roads and buildings; some have been reduced to stumps, and one has been lost for approximately a hundred years.

The fourteen boundary stones in Virginia are in varying states of preservation. Considering the passage of two hundred years and the stones relative obscurity for much of that time, it is nothing short of remarkable that any of the original markers remain at all.



Section number F I I Page __ 3 _

All fourteen stones are regarded as contributing of the group, as are the fences erected by the American Revolution since 1915 to protect them. vary in their condition.

ENDNOTES

to the importance Daughters of tbe.

The fences also

1. June Robinson, Historical Magazine,

"The Arlington Boundary (October 1989): 16.

Stones," Arlington


3. Louise Coflin Chase, "Boundary Stones of the District of Columbia," Manuscript on file, Washingtonian Collection, District of Columbia Public Library, (1930).

4. Edwin Darby Nye, "Revisiting Washington 1 s Forty Boundary Stones, 1972," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 48 (1973): 743.

5. Mark J. Terman, "The 1 Jurisdiction Stones 1 and Cornerstone Park," Manuscript on file, Virginia Collection, Falls Church Public Library, (1972): 41.

Unltod States Department of the Interior National Park Service


Section number F I I I Page _ 1 __

Finally, the continuing efforts for the preservation of the stones, through work begun in 1915 by the Daughters of the American Revolution, is an important chapter in the hist6r~c preservation in the national capital area.

The enduring importance of the boundary stones is reflected in their appearance on the United States Geological Survey maps of the District of Columbia, Maryland,and Northern Virginia.



Section number _H __ Page _..;;;_1 __

Baker, Marcus. "The Columbia." Records of (1897): 215~224.

Boundary Monuments of the District of the Columbia Historical Society. Vol. 1

Chase, Louise Coflin. "Boundary Stones of the District of Columbia." Manuscript on file, Washingtonian Collection, District of Columbia Public Library. (1930).

Columbia Historical Society. "The Writings of George Washington Relating to the National Capital." Records of the Columbia Historical Society. Vol. 17 (1914): 4-7.

Lawrence, Kenneth D. "Letter from Kenneth D. Lawrence to Mr. Stuntz." Manuscript on file, Virginiana Collection Files, Fairfax County Public Library. 1967.

National Capital Planning Commission. Boundary Markers of the Nation's Capital. (1976).

Nye, Edwin Darby. "Boundary Stones". The Washington Star Sunday Magazine. (June 23, 1963).

Nye, Edwin Darby. "Revisiting Washington's Forty Boundary Stones, 1972." Records of the Columbia Historical Society. Vol. 48 (1973): 740-751.

Proctor, John Clagett. (1949).

"Proctor's Washington and Environs."

Robinson, June. "The Arlington Boundary Stones." Arlington Historical Magazine. (October 1989): 5-19.

Shuster, Ernest A., Jr. "The original Boundary Stones of the District of Columbia." The National Geographic Magazine, Vol. XX (April 1909): 356-359.

Statutes at Large and Treaties of the United States of America From December 1, 1845 to March 3, 1851. Vol. IX (1862): 35-37.

Terman, Mark J. "The 'Jurisdiction Stones' and Cornerstone Park." Manuscript on file in Virginia Collection, Falls Church Public Library. ( 1972) .

.. . United Statea Department of the Interior National Park Service


Section number _H __ Page _ 2 __

OIWe ~No. IOH.QOII

Waters, Frances w. and Lt. Col. Robert P. The Boundary Stones. Manuscript on file, Thomas Nelson Chapter, National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, Arlington, Virginia. (1963).

Woodward, Fred E. "A Ramble Along The Boundary Stones of the District of Columbia with A Camera." Records of the Columbia Historical Society. Vol. 10 (1907): 63-87.

Woodward, Fred. E. "With A Camera Over The Old District Boundary Lines." Records of the Columbia Historical Society. Vol. 11 (1908): 1-15.

~G. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods Discuss the methods used in developing the multiple property listing.

It is anticipated that the multiple property listing for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, 1791, will eventually include nominations for each of the boundary stones located in Virginia which mark the boundary of the original District of Columbia. The south cornerstone and the Southwest #9 Marker are already on the National Register of Historic Places. The historic context was determined based on the legislation underlying the choice of the site of the new federal capital, which also called for the placement of the stones in Virginia. The requirements for integrity for the listing of the related properties were derived from the National Capital Planning Commission booklet, 1976, and based upon field work and documented research.

H. Major Bibliographical References

Primary location of additional documentation:

[!]State historic preservation office 0 Other State agency 0 Federal agency

D Local government 0 University Oother

0 See continuation sheet

~ See continuation sheet

Specify repository: ------------------------------

I. Form Prepared By namenWe Barbara A Hynak. Chairman. District V organization Virginia Daughters of the i\meri can * street & number 812 S Conrt!Jause Road city or town Ar 1 ington

Boundary ~farkers Cornrni ttee date July 9, 1990 * Revolutic telephone { 703) 553-0065 state V i r g in i a zip code 2 2 2 0 4

NPS Form 1(4100

(-.Mil

·United States Department of the Interior National Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility tor individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidfllines for Completing Nations/ Register For""'1s (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking ··x·· in the appropriate box or by enter· the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, matem and areas of srgniticance, enter only the categones and subcategones listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type aU entries.

1. Name of Property historic name Southwest #1 Boundary i'brker of the Orifjinal District of Columbia other names/site number SWl, Jurisdiction Stone

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & number 1220 \hlkes Street not tor publication cir.' town Alexandria vicinity state Virginia code VA county Alexandria City cOde zip code22313

3. Classification Ownership of Property

[!]private 0 public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal

Category of Property

0 building(s) 0district Osite Ostructure []]object

Name of related multiple property listing: Boundarv Markers of the Original District of Columbia

4. State/Federal Agency Certification

Number of Resources within Property Contributing

0 0 1 1 2

Noncontributing _ _....o_ buildings

_-l.IO_sites _ ....... 0:....- structures _ _.0..__ objects _...loo'-- Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register ......,N .... I_..A...._ __

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this [X] nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my o i . ion, he property m ts 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation sheet.

l ' { "7 az.;. £7 7~ Signature of c ifying official Date

Director, Virginia Department of Historic Resources State or Federal agency and bureau

In my opinion, the property 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation sheet.

Signature of commenting or other official

State or Federal agency and bureau

5. National Park Service Certification I, I)Meby, certify that this property is:

f7J entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.

0 determtned eligible for the : ~ational Register. 0 See continuation sheet.

0 determined not eligible for the National Register.

0 removed from the National Register.

Oother. (expl!!in:) ---------

Date

r / Signature of the Keeper Date of Action

6. Function or Use Historic Funct1ons (enter categones from instructions)

Other: boundarv marker Current Functions (enter categones from Instructions)

Other: boundarv marker

7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (enter categories from instructions) (enter categories from instructions)

N/A foundation _...:.N;.:./,..:.A=-------------walls ___ .;..;.N,_/ A;.;._ ___________ _

root N/ A other Stone: sandstone

Metal: iron

Describe present and historic physical appearance.

Visible Parts of Inscription

appearance is Property

The historical physical delineated in .the Multiple Documentation Form for Markers of the Original Columbia in section F, Description.

the Boundary District of

Item II,

Located near the sidewalk under a large NW SW SE 1-.1! tree on private rental property at 1220

Wilkes Street, specifically at the southwest corner of the intersection of Wilkes and South Payne streets in the city of Alexandria, Virginia, Southwest No. 1

boundary marker of Aquia sandstone is complete with little deterioration. Variation is recorded as "O degrees (symbol) 30' west." 1 Sometime around 1904 the stone was dug up and carried to the edge of the field, about 225 feet from its proper location. In 1906 it was raised up off the ground to be photographed. 2 The general consensus is that when placed in its new location it was rotated 45 degrees, as the 'Jurisdiction' side does not face the District of Columbia. The stonecutter who carved this marker did not carve the rest of them because the inscription is SlJAller, shallower and less artistic than the remaining markers. The wrought-iron fence surrounding this marker is in excellent condition but the grounds within the enclosure are unkempt. The bronze plaque reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL BOUNDARY STONE/DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ PLACED 1791-1792/ PROTECTED BY MT. VERNON CHAPTER/ DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION/ 1916. The property is owned by JTG Associates, which is composed of three partners. The partner giving authorization to enter the property was George A. Symanski, Jr., 6417 Fifteenth Street, Alexandria, VA 22307. The stone was surveyed 25 October 1989, by Mrs. Richard H. Kemper. and is under the stewardship of the Mount Vernon Chapter, VADAR,. of Alexandria, VA.

IIJ Soo continuation sheet

8. Statement of Sigmflcance Certifying official has considered the S1gn1ficance of this property '" relation to other properties:

· IX] nationally D statewide 0 locally

Applicable National Register Criteria WA DB DC D D

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) D A [] B DC 0 D 0 E 0 F 0 G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communitv Planning and Development Politics/Government

Significant Person N/A

Period of Significance 1791-1916

Cultural Affiliation N/A

ArchitecUBuilder Unknown

Significant Date 1791 1916

State significance of property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above.

The significance of the Boundary Markers as a group is stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item III, Significance. The justification of criteria and areas and periods of significance are stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section E, Statement of Historic Contexts.

The Southwest # 1 marker is significant because it marked the first mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, one mile from the South Cornerstone at Jones Point.

In approximately 1904, it was dug up and carried to the edge of the field, about 225 feet from its proper location; in 1906 it was found lying on the ground. 1 At some point later, it was placed upright and rotated from its correct positioning. The letters are smaller than those of the other stones and are in a different script. The speculation is that a different stone carver carved this stone than carved all the rest of the stones. 2

This stone is in the best condition of any of the stones on the Virginia side.

Criteria Consideration B is applied because the marker has been relocated. It is exceptional, however, because it is an integral component of this important group of rare surviving resources.

[!]See continuation sheet

. 9. MaJor Bibliographical References

Previous documentation on fife (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67)

has been requested 0 previously listed in the National Register 0 previously determined eligible by the National Register 0 designated a National Historic Landmark 0 recorded by Historic American Buildings

SuNeyl ______________________________ __

0 recorded by Historic American Engineering

Recoro*---------------------------------

10. Geographical Data Acreage of property Less than one acrG.

UTM References A ll...t.aJ 13 lz, 113 1 4tO 1

Zone Easting

cl_U I I 1 I 1 1 1

Verbal Boundary Description

I 42 19 I 617 I 4 I c:;l Northing

I I I I 1 I I I


Primary location of additional data: 0 State historic preseNation office 0 Other State agency 0 Federal agency 0 Local government 0 University Oother Specify repository:

BLU I I 1 I I I I . Zone Easting North1ng

ol_U I I 1 I I I


The nominated area is that boundary stone in its small !enced area, a?proxirnately 3' x 3'.


Boundary Justification

The boundary includes the stone and its fence.


11. Form Prepared By name/title Barbara A. Hynak. Cbajrman, District Y organization Vj rgj n j a Daughters of the American * street & number .R 12 S. Courthouse Road city or town Ar 1 i ng ton

Boundary Markers Committee date J u 1 y 9 , 19 9 0 * R e yo 1 u t i tef&phone ( 7 0 3 ) 5 5 3 - 0 0 6 5 stata Vi r g in i a zip code 2 2 2 0 4

United States Department of the fnterfor National Park Service ·


Section number __ 7_ Page __ 1_ Southwest #1 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Marcus Baker, "The Boundary Monuments of the District of Columbia," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 1 (1897): 220.

2. Fred E. Woodward, "With A camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 5.

3. Edwin Darby Nye, "Revisiting Washington's Forty Boundary Stones, 1972," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 48 (1973): 743.



Section number __ s_ Page __ 1_ Southwest #1 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 ( 1908) : 5.

2. Edwin Darby Nye, "Revisiting Washington's Forty Boundary Stones, 1972," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 48 (1973}: 743.


National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Southwest #1 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page _ _...._ *D

The following information is the same for all the photographs listed:

Southwest #1 Boundary Marker of the original District of Columbia City of Alexandria, Virginia Rufus w. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and fence enclosure facing northwest Negative No. 10702/34 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 2

2. View of southwest side of stone showing VIRGINIA Negative No. 10702/32 File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 2

United States Department of the Jnterior National Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NATIONAL

REGISTER

--~

This form is for use in nominating or reQuesting determinations of eligibility tor individual properties or districts. See instructions '" Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete eacll item by marking '"x" in the appropnate box or by entenn the requested information. If an item does not apply to tile propeny being documented. enter '"N/A" for '"not applicable.'" For functions. Styles. matenal~ and areas of significance. enter only tile categones and subcategones listed in tile instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type au entries.

1. Name of Property historic name SouthHest #2 Boundary :larker of the Ori~1inal District of Colu::1bia other names/site number S\.J2, Jurisdiction StoDe

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & number East side of Russell Road, north of Ki!1" Street not tor publication

ci , town Alexandria vicinity

state \'in!inia code VA county Alexandria Citv code zip code 22301

3. Classification Ownersnip of Propeny

Oprivate []) public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal

Category of Propeny

0 building(s) 0district Osite Ostructure []]object

Name of related multiple propeny listing: Boundarv Markers of the Original District of Columbia


Number of Resources within Propeny

Contributing Noncontributing 0 0 buildings 0 0 sites

2

_ _...0_ structures _ ___:..:0_ objects _ _:..:n_ Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register __,';..._/_..:\..__ __

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby cenity that this [X) nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering propenies in the

Nationa~t'f Register of Historic ~laces and meets the procedural and professional requirements set fonh in 36 CFR Pan 60. In my o 1 ron.1the propeffi' cx::j rpeets CJ does not meet the Natrona! Regrster cntena. 0 See contrnuation sheet.

L / fit./ 1:-_ I:Z D~ ti"i?? Signature of c;rtifying official Date

Director', Virginia Department of Historic Resonrces State or Federal agency and bureau

In my opinion, the propeny 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation sheet.



5. National Park Service Certification I, !J.ereby, cenity that this propeny is:

0 entered in the National Register. 0 See contrnuation slleet.

0 determined eligible for the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.


0 removed from the Natior.al Register.

0 other. (explarn:) ---·-----

Date

+fsignatL'(· of the Keeper Date of Action

6. Function or Use Histone Funct1ons (enter categones from mstrucuonsl 'Other: ~oundarv marker

Current Funcuons (enter categones from mstrucuans) Other: boundarv marker

7. Descriotion Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions)

~!A

Matenals (enter categories from instructions)

foundation --:-~:-:-/-:-=:A=--------------walls ___ ..:..N:..!./..:.:A:.__ ____ ---'-------

roof N I A other Stone: sandstone

Metal: iron



NW NE.

sections of marker missing

SOUTHWEST NO. 2 MILE MARKER

The historical physical appearance is delineated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia, in Section F, Item II, Description.

Located between the curb and the sidewalk on the east side of Russell Road just north of King Street in the city of Alexandria, Virginia, just downhill from the George Washington Masonic National Memorial, the Southwest No. 2 Mile Marker is easily seen. This stone bears no inscription, is completely flat on top, and measures 16" X 10 1/2" X 29 1/2". It is not an original marker but is of sandstone. 1 The wrought iron fence

surrounding this marker needs repairing. One spoke has been broken off. The ground on which the marker rests is maintained well. The bronze plaque reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL BOUNDARY STONE/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ PLACED 1791-1792/ PROTECTED BY MT. VERNON CHAPTER/ DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION/ 1916. The property is owned by the city of Alexandria. The stone was surveyed on 25 October 1989 by Mrs. Richard H. Kemper and is under the stewardship of the Mount Vernon Chapter, VADAR, of Alexandria, VA.

[!]See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Certifying official has considered the S1gmf1cance of th1s property 1n relatiOn to otner properties:

[X] nationally =:J statew1de ; locally

Applicable National Register Criteria W A C 8 C C D D

Criteria Considerations (ExceptiOns) C A ~ 8 0 C 0 D [J E L F C G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communitv Planning and Develooment Politics/Government

Significant Person ~/A

Period of Significance ca. 1920

Cultural Affiliation N!A

Architect/Builder Unknown

Significant Date ca. 1920

State Significance of property, and JUStify cnteria. criteria considerations. and areas and penods of significance noted above.


The Southwest # 2 marker is significant because it marked the second ·mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, two miles from the South Cornerstone at Jones Point.

In both the surveys done in 1894-971 and 1906, the original stone could not be found. It was apparently placed on the east side of and very close to the Alexandria and Leesburg turnpike, on the eastern slope of Shuter's Hill, in a subdivision known, in 1906, as Spring Park, and within a stone's throw of Fort Ellsworth, built by federal forces in May 1861. When the inquiry was made in 1906, there were a number of workmen carting away loam and gravel for new roads. The road foreman said a strange condition was known to exist there, called •creeping down hill', a movement of the surface of the earth, which may have had something to do with the loss of the stone. 2 In 1921, the annual report of Mount Vernon Chapter to the Virginia Daughters of the American Revolution stated that the stone was relocated and fenced in 1920. 3 It is believed that the relocated stone was not the original stone but was the replica that stands within the fence today. Due to its size, shape and total lack of inscriptions, the stone is obviously not the original. The stone was indicated on a 1927 aerial survey map located in the archives of the George Washington Masonic Memorial. Another source indicates that the marker was there in 1929. 4 Although not original, this stone has marked the area of the second mile stone for approximately seventy years.

~See continuation sheet

e. Major Slbllooraphlcal Reference&

Hopkins, Grace Porter. "Restoring the Original ~ilestones." American Motorist Magazine. (February 1929).

Virginia Daughters of the American Revolution. Proceedincrs of the 25th Virginia State Conference of the Daughters of the American Revolution held in Roanoke, Virginia. (1929).

Prevloua documentation on flit (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of Individual ffatlng (38 CFFI 87)

hu bttn rtQUIIttd

~ prtvloualy ffattd In tht National Rtgltttr prtvloualy dtttrmlntd tllglblt by tnt National Fltglattr dtalgnattd a National Hlatorlc Landmark recorded by Hlatorlc American Bulldlnga Su~tyl ______________________________ _

0 recorded by Hlatorlc American Englnttrtng

Record '---------------------------

10. Geographical Data

0 Stt continuation ahttt

Primary location of additional data: State hlatorlc prtat~atlon oHict Othtr State agency Ftdtral agency Local government Unlvtralty Other

s,.clfy rtpoaltory:

Acreage of property --T"""P:::.;S::..S::r,._..j,t.;.b~,..:;a~..~.n.~-.ou.l.ln..;;;e;.....;"'~c_._r..-o ____________________ _

UTM References A lL...B I ~1 2·0 lg, 20 I

Zone Euting I .1e lg 1 ?I :n. nl Nonhlng

cl..J._J II, I I I I I I I I I ' I

Verbal Boundary Descrrption

eLL_! II 11, Zone Eutlng

oLL.J I I 1 1 1


I I Nontung

I I

The nominated area is that boundary stone in its small fenced 1~ea, approximately 3' x 3'.




0 SH continuation ahttt

1 1. Form Prepared By nameltltlt Barbara; Hypalr. Cbajrman, Distric+- V Bonndary ll(arko-~ c,.,omjHop

organization vi.-ginia Daughters 0 : the Ane'"ic"'"* date ,Tply a 1ago * oe•·o,,,._;,...,: ttreet & number __._s.._.J_.?;..._c::...._....._c..._a .... I .... J r'""t..,h~au.P ... s:ue;;._.w..P...,a..,a..,d,__ _______ ttltphont - r 7 0 ~ ) 5 5 ~ - n 0 6 ::; City C' town l!ltt Vi rg i ;- i a ZIP eodt 2:2:2 04

•U.I.QPO:! iU.0.223·118




ENDNOTE




Section number __ a_ Page __ 1_ Southwest #2 Boundary Marker

Criteria Consideration B is applied because the marker has been relocated. It is exceptional, however, because it is an integral component of this important group of rare surviving resources. Consideration E is applied because the marker has been reconstructed. However, its ·significance is exceptional because of the marker's close association and identification with the other resources of its type.

ENDNOTES

1 . Marcus Baker, Columbia," Records (1897): 220.

"The Boundary Monuments of the District of of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 1

2. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 6-7.

3. Virginia Daughters of the American Revolution, Proceedings of the 25th Virginia State Conference of the Daughters of the American Revolution held in Roanoke, Virginia, (1921): 79.

4 • Grace Porter Hopkins, American Motorist Magazine,

"Restoring the Original Milestones," (February 1929).



Southwest ~2 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Section number * Page _ __.__

*D

southwest #2 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia City of Alexandria, Virginia Rufus W. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA View of stone and fence enclosure facing east Negative No. 10701/18 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 1

•Jnited States Department of the Interior National Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Registration Form

NATIONAL REGISTER

-.

This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing Nations/ Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by enten the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented. enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For funct1ons. styles. marana and areas of stgnificance. enter only the categones and subcategones listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

lStrlCt 0! LO U~Dla

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & number 2952 Kino Street not tor publication ci , town Alexandria vicinity state \'irginia code VA county Alexandria City code zip code · _...; '.C:


[X] private 0 public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal


0 building(s) 0district Osite Ostructure []object



Number of Resources Within Property


_ __..0_ structures _ __..o_ objects

? 0 Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register __.~l.J.I ... A..__ __

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this []]nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards tor registering properties in the National AE gister of Historic Places a~ fld meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opmr ~~". the propel}¥ W rp~e}S · does not meet the Natrona! Aegrster crrterra. 0 See continuation sheet.

ll L r .-<- r vtr . L. ! cr ~ , t 7 5o Signature of ceni~r~ official Date

Director, Virginia Department of Historic Resource~ State or Federal agency and bureau




5. National Park Service Certification I, ~by, certify that this property is:

0 entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.




Oother. (explain:)--------

Date

I

I .

( _/~-u·Jz A~LUJ

:(;1 ~ignature of the Keeper I

Date of Action

6. Function or Use Histone Functions (enter categories from mstruct1ons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Functions (enter categones from 1nstruct1ons) Othe~: boundarv marker

7. Descrictlon Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions)

'i / A

Materials (enter categories from instructions)

foundation --7~.;-:/i:A:..._ ____________ _ waus · ___ .:...;N.:....I.:.:.A ____________ _

roof N/ A other Stone: sandstone

Metal: iron

Descnbe present and historic physical appearance.


sw NE



The historical physical appearanc~ is delineated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia in Section F, Item II, Description.

Located at the north end of the· parking lot of the First Baptist Church, 2932 King Street, in the city of Alexandria, Virginia, Southwest No. J Mile Marker is physically located among the painted parking places. This is the first stone in Virginia to be placed at other than equal miles. Since the end of the mile was in a ravine this marker is located slightly less than three miles from the South Corner. 1 The top and edges are

chipped and consequently some of the original inscription is missing. Part of it reads M J02p to indicate 2 miles 302 poles. 2

The current measurements are 12" X 11" X 1~". Placed 23 June 1917, the 3' X J' X 5'4" wrought iron fence is painted silver. There is no plaque. The property is owned by the First Baptist Church, whose trustees gave permission for the current survey. The stone was surveyed 25 October 1989, by Mrs. Martin P. Fish of Captain John Smith Chapter, VADAR, in Arlington, VA.

[X] See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Cenityrng official has consrdered the srgnrticance ot thrs propeny tn relation to other propenres:

[XJ natronally CJ statewrde CJ locally

A · c · · ivlA Cs L___,C Do Applicable National egrster rrterra w....~

Criteria Considerations {Exceptions) 0 A C B C C 0 D C E ~ F C G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communitv Planning and Development Politics;Government

Significant Person ~/A



ArchitecVBuilder Unknown


State srgnrficance of propeny, and justify critena, crrteria consrdera!lons. and areas and perrods of significance noted above.


The Southwest # 3 marker is significant because it marked the third mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, three miles from the South Cornerstone at Jones Point.

This marker was the first marker placed at other than equal miles from the other markers. The end of the mile would have ended in a ravine, so it was placed on higher ground, less than three miles from the South Cornerstone. 1 The inscription was listed as 2 miles 302p, which means it was placed 2 miles and 302 poles or rods from the South Cornerstone. 2

ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera Over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 ( 1908) : 7.

2. Marcus Baker, "The Boundary Monuments of the District of Co 1 umb i a , 11 =-R"""e"""c~o"'-'r=-d=s'--~o~f'--~t~h.:.:e:::._....::C::.:o~l ~u~m!.!:b~i~a~~H.!.ol"'-'. s=-=t~o~r:..:l:.:. c::.;a=l-::S..::::o:.::c::..:i:.:e~t=-y• , Vo 1. 1 (1897): 220.


9. Major Bibliographical References

Previous documentation on tile (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67)


SuNey# ________________________________ __

0 recorded by Historic American Engineering

Record *---------------------------10. Geographical Data Acreage of propeny r ess than one acre.

UTM References A~ 131119141 5:0 I

Zone Easting

c LLJ I I I I I

Verbal Boundary Descnption

/4 I 21 01 sl7 I J I 01 Northing

I I I I I I I


Primary location of additional data: 0 State historic preseNation office

0 Other State agency 0 Federal agency 0 Local government 0 University 00ther Specify repository:

B u..J I I I I I I Zone Easting Northmg

D LLJ I I I I I i


The nominated area is that boundary stone in its small fenced area, approximately 3' x 3'.





11. Form Prepared By name/title-: Sarhara )1,.' Hynak, Chaj roan, Dj strict V Boundary Markers Cor:mj l-teo organization v; .. gini? Daughters of the Arnorjcan *date .Tnly q.J090 * 9evo 1 'J .. ir· street & number 8 J 2 S co 11 r t b au s e R o a d telephone ( 7 a 3 ) c:: :::: 3 - o 0 6 c::

city or town A r U n Q" ton state V j r g ; n i a ZIP COde



ow.---·~·


ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera Over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 7.


. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service


0.. ~- IOU«> II

Southwest #3 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page _ __.__ *Photographs


southwest #3 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia City of Alexandria, Virginia Rufus w. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and fence enclosure facing southwest Negative No. 10701/15 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 2

2. View of southeast side of stone showing E, the magnetic compass reading Negative No. 10701/13 File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 2



N.L.T!C~JAtREGISTER

This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility tor individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing Nations/ Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropnate box or by enteri the reQuested information. II an item does not apply to the property being documented. enter "N/A" tor "not applicable." For tuncuons. styles, matena and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategones listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

1 • Name of Property historic name Southwest ii4 Boundarv i'!arker of the Original District of Colur.~bia other names/site number S\.J4, Jurisdiction Stone

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & number On Kinn Street, ust north of ci , town Alexandria state Virginia


Oprivate D public-local [] public-State 0 public-Federal

code VA county


0 building(s) 0 district Osite 0 structure [Qobject

\._lakefield

Arlington Alexandria

Street not for publication vicinity

code zip code 22206 Citv

Number of Resources within Property


---'"'0- structures _......l.to_ objects

2 0 Total Name of related multiple property listing: Boundary Markers of the Ori2inal District of Columbia

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register ....... N .... I...,A~--


As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this []] nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my odrion. ~the propef1¥ W "?~ets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See contrnuation sheet. .

'ltL~ ~ L v&~ tL 1'"1 ~ IC7So Signature of Cftitying official Date





5. National Park Service Certification I~ "reby, certify that this property is:

~entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation ~ 'eet.

0 determined eligible tor the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.


0 removed from the National Registsr.

0 other, (explain:) --------

Date

;;.1 Signature of the Keeper Date of Action

6. Function or Use Histone Functtons (enter categones from tnstructtons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Functtons (enter categones from tnstructtons)


7. Description Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions)

N!A

Matenats (enter categones from instructtons)

foundation _...:.N:..!./,..:.;A:...._ ___________ _

walls ___ .:..:.N'-1 A~------------

root N I A other Stone: sandstone

Metal: iron


Visible Parts of Inscriptions

NW sw SE

9i~~i~ sections of g jj marker missing


The historical physical appearance is delineated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia in Section F, Item II, Description.

Located approximately eight feet from King Street just north of Wakefield Street, Southwest No. 4 Mile Marker rests on grass and backs up to a chain link fence lined with cedars surrounding Fairlington Village Condominiums. Only a small portion of Aquia sandstone rema~ns and it has plow scratches on it. In 1906 it was located with the assistance of a farmer who claimed to have run his plow into it

enough times to know where it was. It is in the immediate vicinity of three federal forts marking the line of the defenses of the District of Columbia. 1 We do know it was moved due to the construction of Route 7 (King street) 2 and was put as close as possible to its. original location. The wrought iron fence surrounding the marker is painted a light green and is in need of repainting. The corner rods are fairly sturdy and mounted solidly in the ground. The side facing King street is submerged into the bank approximately four inches. The bronze plaque reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL BOUNDARY STONE/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ PLACED-1791-1792/ PROTECTED BY THE CONTINENTAL CHAPTER/ DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION/ 1916. The property is owned by the Virginia Department of Transportation. This stone was surveyed 10 December 1989, by Miss Rebecca R. Dyer and Mrs. John Harris, members of Arlington House Chapter, VADAR, in Arlington, VA.

[]j Soo continuation sheet

-:--~----~-:---:-:-:---------------------·--~---~--~.

8. Statement of Significance Certifying official has considered the s1gn1ticance of this property m relat1on to other properties:

[X] nationally []statewide !:] locally

Applicable National Register Criteria [I] A [J 8 C C CD

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 A []] 8 C C CD C E D F D G

Areas of Significance {enter categories from instructions) Communitv Planning and Development Politics/Government




ArchitecV8uilder Unknown


State sigmticance of property, and justify critena. criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above.


The Southwest # 4 marker is significant because it marked the fourth·mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, four miles from the South Cornerstone at Jones Point.

In the early surveys of 1894-1897 1 and 1906, the entire top of this stone was missing, and remains missing today. It had what appeared to be plow marks on it. In 1906, it was located with the help a farmer who said, "By gum, I've run the plow into that stone times enough to know where it is."2 It was in the immediate vicinity of three federal forts marking the line of the defenses of the District of Columbia in the Civil War. Later, it was almost buried when Route 7 was regraded. 3


[!]See contmuation sheet


Prtvloua documentation on flit (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of Individual llatlng (38 CFR 87)

hu been requeated

§ prtvioualy llatld In the National Reg later previously determined eligible by the National Reglater designated a National Historic Landmark

D recorded by Historic American Buildings

Survey 11 ----------------0 recorded by Historic Amertcan Engineering

R~rd*-------------------

10. Geographical Data Acreage of property I, o s e: t '1 a n · an e a c r o I

UTM References A lL.§J 13111 813 ,a, s1

Zone Easting

c L...U I I I I I

Verbal Boundary Descriptton

14 I 219 I 91 96 I Ol Northing

I I I I I I I I

0 See continuation ahttt

Primary location of additional data:

~ State hlatorlc preaervatlon office Other State agency Federal agency Local government

0 Universtty Oother Specify repository:

B L...U I I I I I I

Zone Easting

D L...U I I I I I I


I I I I

Northing

I I I I I '





D See continuation sheet

11. Form Prepared By name/title Barbara ?!. Hyna'< I rbai rman I Di stri rt u organization--Virginia Daughters of the .?..merican * street & number 8 l 2 S , Co u r thou s e R o a d city c. ·~n i\r1,; DQ"ton

.u.S.GPO: 1•884223-e 1 e

Bonndarv \.farkors Conmjt+-pe date Juiy o, 1090 *Revolut;-telephone ( 7 0 "J ) 5 c; 3 - 0 a 6 5 state Y i r q i n j a zip COde ? / '! n.::



c:wo.-- ·-··

Section number __ 7 __ Page _ 1 __ Southwest #4 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A camera Over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 ( 19 08) : 8.




Section number __ s_ Page __ 1_ Southwest #4 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1 • Marcus Baker, Columbia," Records (1897): 220.



3. Edwin Darby Nye, "Revisiting Washington's Forty Boundary Stones~ 1972," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 48 (1973): 743.



OI.M--·-··

Southwest #4 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Section number * Page _ _..___

*


Southwest #4 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Arlington county, Virginia City of Alexandria, Virginia Rufus w. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and fence enclosure facing northeast Negative No. 10702/5 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 2

2. View of stone from above Negative No. 10702/2 File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 2


National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use m nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility tor individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines tor Comptermg National Register Forms (National Att9ister Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking ·'x" in the appropnate box or by entf'rl the requestea information. It an item does not apply to the propeny being documented. enter "NIA" tor "not applicable." For functiOns, styles. matf:>•,a and areas of Significance. enter only the cattt9Qnes and subeattt9ones listed in the instructions. For additional space use contmuat1on sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

1. Name of Property historic name Sol.ltb,.est f5 BonndarY '1arkor of the Qri 3i oa 1 Di stri cr of Cal nohi a othernames/sitenumber S\vS. JurisdiCtion Stope

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & numberNortbeast of Kino St

0 & 'daltor Reed Dr intersection

city, town Arl j ncton state \'irginia o

3. Classification Ownersntp of Property

Oprivate Q;j public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal

code VA county


0 building(s) 0district Osite 0 structure [X] object



NtA.Jvicinity

zip code 222()6

Number ot Resources within Property

Contributing

0 0

2

Noncontributing

----'-'0~ buildings _ ...... o_sites _ _.....0~ structures _ __...0'--- objects

_......,.0'--Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register _....;j..J../...,:\.__ __

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended. I hereby certify that this CXJ nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opi n, t e prope [XJ eets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation sheet.

lj v.ec IS 20 1 Signature o ce tying official Date ·

Director. Virginia Department of Historic Resources State or Federal agency and bureau


Signature ot commenting or other official


5. National Park Service Certification I, 11Jreby, certify that this property is:

[21 entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.

D determtned eligible for the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.


0 removed from the National Reg'ster.

[J other. (explain:) --------I

J11 Signature of the Keeper ;/ .

Date

d /; /q{

Date of Action

6. Function or Use Historic Funct1ons (enter categones trom 1nstruct1ons) ·other: boundarv marker

Current Functions (enter categones from mstructlonsl Other: boundarv marker

7. Descriotion Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions)

~/A


foundation -~~:.:0/~A=---------------walls ___ ;.:,N!...;/ A:.:._ ___________ _


Metal: iron



NW sw Si




Located among hardwood trees on flat ground twenty feet north of Walter Reed Drive on the boundary between Arlington County and the city of Alexandria, Virginia, the Southwest No. 5 Mile Marker of Aquia sandstone is behind a house at 5040 25th Street South, Arlington, Virginia. Located at one time in a valley near the east bank of a creek on the north side of Leesburg Pike (Route 7), 1 it was

moved to its present location due to regrading of Route 7, approximately 44.90' from its original position. 2 It is broken off approximately one foot from the ground. Placed 6 November 1921, the J' X J' X 5'8" wrought iron fence is painted white with some rust spots visible. The bronze plaque reads: THE ORIGINAL/ FEDERAL BOUNDARY/ STONE 1921-1952/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ 1791-1792/ PLACED, PROTECTED KEYSTONE CHAPTER/ DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. The property is jointly owned by Arlington County and the city of Alexandria, VA. This stone was surveyed 28 October 1989 by Miss Cheryl Brown of the Falls of the Rappahannock Chapter, VADAR, in Fredericksburg, VA.

[I) See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Certifying official has considered tt'le s1gn1ficance of th1s property 1n relatiOn to otl'ler properttes:

[2] nationally =:J statew1de .....J locally

Applicable National Register Criteria WA 0 B 0 C 0 D

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 A [X] B [J C [:::J D C E L F C G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communitv Planninz and Develooment Politics/Government



Cultural Affiliation N!A

Architect/Builder Unknown

Significant Oat 1791 1921

State Significance of property. and justify crttena. criteria cons1derat1ons. and areas and periods of significance noted above.

The significance of the Boundary Markers as a group is stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item III, Significance. The justification of criteria and areas and periods of significance are stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section E, Statement of Historic contexts.

The Southwest # 5 marker is significant because it marked the fifth mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, five miles from the South cornerstone at Jones Point.

In the early surveys stone was missing, approximately 44.90'

of 1894-97 1 and 19062, the entire top of this

and remains missing today. It was moved from its original location. 3

criteria consideration B is applied because the marker has been relocated. It is exceptional, however, because it is an integral component of this important group of rare surviving resources.

[I] See continua lion sheet

l

9. Malor Bibliographical References

Prevloua documentation on file (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of Individual llatlng (3e CFFt e7}

hu been requeeted

~ prevloualy llatad In the National Fteglater prevloualy determined eligible by the National Rtglater dlllgnattd a National Hlatortc l.andmark recorded by Hlatorlc American Sulldlnga SUNiy _______________________________ _

0 recorded by Hlatorlc American Englnllrlng

A~rd*--------------------------------

10. Geographic• I D•t• Acreage of property r e s s t h a n an e a r- o

UTM Aeferencta A lL..aJ ,, I , I ]2 I J I 51

Zone Eaating

cL..U 1 1 I 1 I 1 1

Verbal Boundary OeaerJptton

1<11 31 Q, 1 I 1·4 I 51 Nonnlng

I I I I I I I

0 SH continuation aneet

Primary location of additional data: State hlatorlc prtllrvatlon office Other State agency Federal agency Local government Unlvtralty Other

Specify repoaltory:

eLJ 1 I, I 1 1

Zone Eaatlng

oLJ I I 1 I

0 Set continuation sheet

I I I I I I I I Nonnlng I I I I I






name/title Barbara A. Hynak, Chairman, District V Boundary Harkers Cornmi t tee organization Virgjpja Daughters of the !lrnerican * date July 9. 1990 * Revolutic;_ atreet&number 812 c::. Courtholl~e J;>oad telephone f7Q3}553-0065 cltyortown state ;·;,....;;;ni?.J. z!Peodt 2220<1

• U.S.GP0:18&1..0.223·e18



a..--·~,.

Section number __ 7 _ Page __ 1_ Southwest #5 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Marcus Columbia," (1897}: 220.

Baker, "The Boundary Monuments of the District of Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 1

2. Frances W. Waters and Lt. Col. Robert P. Waters, The Boundary Stones, Manuscript on file, Thomas Nelson Chapter, National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, Arlington, Virginia, (1963).

I I


National R~gister of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

Section number __ 8_ Page _ 1 __ Southwest #5 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Marcus Baker, Columbia," Records (1897): 220.


2. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera Over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): a.

3. Frances W. Waters and Lt. Col. Robert P. Waters, The Boundary Stones, Manuscript 'on file, Thomas Nelson Chapter, National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, Arlington, Virginia, ( 1963) 0


National Register of Historic Places Continuation· Sheet Southwest ~5 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page ___;!;...__ *Photograohs

Southwest #5 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Arlington county, Virginia City of Alexandria, Virginia Rufus W. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA View of stone and fence enclosure facing northwest Negative No. 10702/14 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 1


National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nommating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completmg National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each 1tem by mark1ng "x" in the appropnate box or by enter1 the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented. enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For funct1ons. styles. matenc and areas of significance. enter only the categones and subcategones hsted m the instructions. For additional space use conttnuauon sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

1. Name of Propeny historic name Southwest tt6 .Boundarv :larker of the Original District of Colunbia other names/site number S\!6 Jurisdictio:1 Stone

2. Location street & number In


Oprivate (X] public-local

0 public-State 0 public-Federal

DHR File 00-22

on South efferson Street

county Arlin~ton


0 building(s) 0district

Osite 0 structure [ZJ object

Name of related multiple property listing: Boundarv :-!arkers of the Original District of Columbia

4. State/Federal Agency Cenltlcation

N not for publicatiOn vicinity

code 013 zip code 22204 n q

Number of Resources Within Property

Contributing Noncontnbut1ng

0 0 buildings 0 0 Sites 0 l structures

_ _....0:..._ objects __ 1_ l Total

Number of contributing resources orev1ously listed in the National Reg1ster ...-..~.··_..~--

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby cert1fy that th1s [])nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registenng prooen1es 1n the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth 1n 36 CFR Pan 60. In my opi i n, th property ' me 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See cont1nuauon sneer

[j .Pe-e i '"1 ~0 Signature ot cert1 ing official Date

Director, irginia Department of Historic Resources State or F&deral agency and bureau

In my opinion, the property 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuat1on sneet

Signature ot commenting or other official

State or F&deral agency and bureau

5. National Park Service Certification I, ~eby, certify that this property is:

0 entered in the National Reg1ster. 0 See continuation sheet.

0 determined eligible for the National

Register. 0 See continuation sheet.

0 determined not eligible for the

National Register.


LJ other. (explain:) ---------

Date

#1 Signature of the Keeper Dare ot Act1on

6. Function or Use Histone Functions (enter categones from tnstructtons}

Other: boundarv marker Current Functtons (enter categones from tnstrucllons)

Other: boundarv ~arker


'i/A

Matenals (enter categones from instructions)

foundation --7~~/~A;_.. ___________ _ walls ---'-N'-1 A;.;._ ___________ _


Metal: iron



~_r---"\,r--~

E

....

NW

., ~

R,N )N VNI'f~

STA

M

SW St ~E



The historical physical appearance is delineated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item II, Description.

Located in the well-maintained median strip on South Jefferson Street, Arlington, Virginia, between Columbia Pike and Leesburg Pike (Route 7) exactly southwest of the White House, Southwest No. 6 Mile Marker is the second Virginia stone to be placed at an uneven distance because the end of a mile was in a stream. 1

Continually threatened by road and building construction, this marker was moved and stored by Arlington County for

three years. Its current placement is the closest public land next to its original site. 2 In 1949 there was no trace of a fence and it sat on the edge of a large gravel pit. 3 The stone is badly chipped and has been broken and cemented back together more than once. In December 1989, it became a victim of an automobile accident but has been restored to its median location. The original wrought iron fence was placed 15 June 1916. In June 1965 it was given a new wrought iron fence which is painted white with some rusting and flaking. 4 The bronze plaque is mounted on a stone lying flat on the ground, and reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL BOUNDARY STONE/ D.C.-SW 6/ DEDICATED JUNE 15, 1916/ REDEDICATED JUNE 5, 1965/ FAIRFAX COUNTY CHAPTER/ DAR. The property is owned by Arlington County and Fairfax county. While stewardship of the stone belongs to Fairfax County Chapter, VADAR, it was surveyed 30 November 1989, by Mrs. John Turbyfill of Anna Maria Fitzhugh Chapter, VADAR, Springfield, VA.

~See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Certifying official has consrdered the S1gmf1cance ot thrs property rn relatron to other properties:

[I] nationally c=J statew1de :=] locally

Applicable National Register Criteria t.L A C 8 [__; C 0 D

Criteria Considerations ((:xceptlons) =A IT 8 C C CD 0 E 0 F C G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communi t\· Planning and Develooment Politics/Government

Significant Person NIA



ArchitecV8uilder Unknown

Significant Date 1791

State s1gmficance of property, and justify critena. criteria considerations. and areas and periods of significance noted above.

The significance of the Boundary Markers as a group is stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item III, Significance. The justification of criteria and areas and periods of significance are stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Sec~ion E, Statement of Historic Contexts.

The Southwest # 6 marker is significant because it marked the sixth mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, six miles from the south cornerstone at Jones Point.

This marker was the second stone in Virginia set at other than equal miles from the South Cornerstone. It was marked 5 miles 304 Poles, which means it was placed 5 miles and 304 poles or rods from the South Cornerstone. 1

Its wrought iron fence, placed in 1916, was ~one by 1949, when the stone sat on the edge of a large gravel pit.

Threatened by construction of roads and apartments, the stone was removed and stored by Arlington County for three years. It was then placed in the middle of a median strip on South Jefferson Street, this being the closest public land next to its original site. It was given a new iron fence and rededicated in its new location in June 1965. 3

In December 1989 this stone was hit and broken; its fence was also broken. In response to calls from members of the Virginia Daughters of the American Revolution, Arlington County personnel picked up the stone so that it would not be further broken or lost. The stone sat on an Arlington County truck for a month, until the weather warmed up enough to repair the stone and fence. Arlington County personnel did the necessary repairs.

[!] See continuation sheet


Sundquist, 3eth. ".a. New Location For an Old stone. " The Northern Vircrinia Sun. (June 7, 1965):1.

Previous documentation on tfle (NPS}: 0 preliminary determination of Individual listing (36 CFR 67}

hat been requested 0 previously listed In the National Register D previously determined eligible by the National Register 0 designated a National Historic Landmark D recorded by Historic American Buildings

Su~ey# ______________________________ ___

0 recorded by Historic American Engineenng

Record *'-------------------------10. Geographical Data Acreage of property T ? s c:: <;; 1 :::; n on ~"> , c r o •

UTM References A L1...L.sJ 111 1 I 5 11 I..., d

Zone Eutlng

c~ II, I~ I

Verbal Boundary Oescnption

1 ~ I 11 a I ?b . < , ol Northing I I I I I I I


Primary location of additional data: 0 State historic prese~atlon office 0 Other State agency

B Federal agency Local government

0 University Oother Specify repository:

aLL..J I! 1 1 1 I

Zone Euting

oL!...j II 1 1~


I I ! I

Northing

I I I

I '

The nominated ~rea is that boundary stone in its small fenced a~ea, approximately 3' x 3'.





11. Form Prepared By namettltfe Barbara A. Hvnak, Cha i rrnan, District V Boundary Mar~:ers Committee organization Virginia Daucrhters of the Aii1erican * date July 9,1990 ... Reyol'J;;~;;----street & number _.8......,1 ,..2_Su."'--lC,.,;o~u .... r...,t .... !1..,o.._u.....,s ... e__..R..,.o.wa.._d..._ _________ telephone ( 7 0 3 l 55 1-0 0 6 5 city or town Ar 1 i ncrt on state ·.; ii·rr in i a zip cOde 2 2 2 0...:

* U.I.ClPO: l 888·0.223·8 l I



Section number 7 Page __ 1_ Southwest #6 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 9.

2. Beth Sundquist, "A New Location For an Old Stone," The Northern Virginia Sun, (June 7, 1965): 1.

3. Kenneth D. Lawrence, "Letter from Kenneth D. Lawrence to Mr. Stuntz," Manuscript on file, Virginiana Collection Files, Fairfax County Public Library, (1967).

4. Sundquist, p. 1.

United States Department of the lnterfor Nationaj Park Service


Section number _ 8 __ Page __ 1_ Southwest #6 Boundary Marker

This stone represents the historic preservation stewardship responsibilities that the DAR have continued from 1915 to the present.


ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 ( 1908) : 9.

2. Kenneth D. Lawrence, "Letter from Kenneth D. Lawrence to Mr. Stuntz," Manuscript on file, Virginiana Collection Files, Fairfax County Public Library, (1967).

3. Beth Sundquist, "A New Location For an Old Stone," J:.hg Northern Virginia sun, (June 7, 1965): 1.



OWl_...._,~,

Southwest ~6 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page ___ _ *P


Southwest #6 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Arlington County, Virginia Fairfax County, Virginia Mary Jane Fish 1990 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA


2. View of southwest side of stone with plaque at base Negative No. 10703/18 File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 2

. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form 1s for use in nominating or reQuesung determrnations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See Instructions rn Guidelim for Completing Nations/ Register Forms (National A&gtster Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropnate box or by entE the requested informatiOn. If an Item does not apply to the propeny being documented. enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For funct1ons. styles. matet and areas of significance. enter only the categones and subcategones hsted in the rnstruct1ons. For additional space use conunuauon sn&et {Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

1. Name of Property historic name Southwest #7 Boundarv ~!arker of the Original District of Colu:"'bia other names/site number S\.:7 Jurisdiction Stone

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & number Behind 3101 South ~Janchester Street city, town Fairfax state \'irginia code VA county Arlington

3. Classification Ownersnip of Property

[]private []j public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal


0 building(s) 0district Osite 0 structure [XI object

Fairfax

Name of related multiple property listing: Boundarv ~larkers of the Original District of Columbia


:J iAJ not tor publication NkAJvicinity

code 013 zip code '~'~1141

Number of Resources w1th1n Property

Contributing Noncontributmg 0 0 buildings 0 n s1tes

-~()'--structures

1 0 ObJects ? ----~~~Total

Number of contributing resources prevrously listed in the National Regrster ___.· :_....~~--

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended. I hereby cert1ty that thrs []]nomination 0 request for. determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registerrng prooert1es rn the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirement~ set forth rn 36 CFR Part 60.

In my opini . the property me£¥ 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuauon sneet .

. ~ 17 ike i:::Y <]a Signature of certi g official Date


In my opinion, the property 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See contlnuauon sneet



5. National Park Service Certification I, hereby, certify that this property is:

0 entered in the National Register. D ~ continuation sh&et.


0 determined not eligible for the National Reg•:- er.

0 removed from the ':.:tiona! Register.

Oother. (explain:)---------

I ' I ~ . I ...L- . II

'· /1. -Ll) Llu/2 .A~

if"'/ Signa:ure c' tn · Keer.-'f!r

Date

, I I , ~'{ '1 I

Date ot Acuon

6. Function or Use Histone Functrons (enter categorres from rnstrucuons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Functrons (enter categones from rnstructtons)

Other: boundary marker

7. Description Architectural Classitic_!!tlon Materrals (enter categories from rnstructtons) (enter categories from instructions)

N A foundation --;~~/i:A:=-___________ _ walls ___ ..;..N..:.../"""A ____________ _


Metal: iron




IT"

t-rW

~~

..__. P.,t!.D

I ~ ~

ST' £S

SW se Nl!

The historical physical appearance is delineated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia in Section F, Item II, Description.

Located behind 3101 South Manchester Street, Arlington, Virginia (Woodlake Towers Condominiums}, the Southwest No. 7 Mile Marker of Aquia sandstone lies along the fence line between the condominium grounds and Kenmore Intermediate School. Access to the marker is from the parking

sections of lot behind the condominium adjacent to the marker missing condominium tennis courts. This marker is

askew, leaning toward the southwest, and has been defaced by other markings and cuts into the stone. Some of the scars may be from Civil War bullets or grapeshot. Both Fort Ramsay and Fort Buffalo were nearby and the marker may have been used for target practice. 1 The wrought iron fence is rusted and its paint is flaking. A chain link fence runs along the property line and connects with two sides of the iron fence surrounding the stone. There is no plaque. Ownership is jointly held by Woodlake Towers Condominium Association, which authorized entry onto the property, and Arlington County, Virginia. While stewardship of this stone belongs to Fairfax County Chapter, VADAR, it was surveyed on 1 November 1989, by Mrs. John Turbyfill of Anna Maria Fitzhugh Chapter, VADAR, Springfield, VA.

[]]See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Certify1ng official has consraereo the s1gnrficance of thiS property 1n retat1on to other properties:

[I] nauonally :::::J statew1de =:J locally

Applicable National Register Criteria WA L 8 C C CD

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 A [J 8 C C 0 D DE D F 0 G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communi t\· Planning and Development Politics/Government

Significant Person ~!A

Period of Significance 1791 ca. 1916


ArchitecU8uilder Unknown

Significant Date: 1791

State srgmficance of property, and justify cntena, cnteria consideratrons, and areas and periods of significance noted above.

The significance of the Boundary Markers as a group is stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item III, Significance. The justification of criteria and areas and periods of significance are stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section E, statement of Historic Contexts.

The Southwest # 7 marker is significant because it marked the seventh mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, seven miles from the South cornerstone at Jones Point.

In the early survey of 1906, the stone showed scars from bullets or grapeshot. It was close to Fort Ramsay and Fort Buffalo, which may account for the scars. Apparently the markers were used for target practice during the Civil War. 1

ENDNOTE

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 ( 1908) : 9-10.


9. Mator Bibliographical References

Previous documentation on file (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67)

has been requested 0 previously listed in the National Register 0 previously determined eligible by the National Register 0 designated a National Histone Landmark 0 recorded by Historic American Buildings

SuNeyN ___________________________ __

0 recorded by Historic American Engineering Record fl __________________________ _

1 0. Geographical Data Acreage of property .,. ass .._'->an one ,~,..e

UTM References A lL..§J 13 11,.11 g,

Zone Easting

cl..t_J I I, I 1

aol !41310,314.45 I Northing

I I I I I I I ' '

Verbal Boundary Descriptron


Primary location of additional data: 0 State historic preseNation office 0 Other State agency 0 Federal agency 0 Local government 0 University

· Oother Specify repository:

B L..U I ! I I Zone Easting

D L..U I I I I

I I I I I I I

Northmg

' I I I I I


I I

I I





11. Form Prepared By name/title 3 a rha r a A Hyn a k Cb a i rna n organization Virginia Daus;rbters of' tile street & number 8 l 2 S. Courthouse So a 1 city or town Ar 1 i ngton

0 See conti.,uation sheet

ni~trjct v Boun~ary ~a;kers Comoit~oo r. n e r i c a n * date ,I n 1 y 9 . , q 9 0 * P. e v'"' , ,

telephone ( 7 0 3 ) c: c; 3 a a 6 c;

state ~r; r::'"i n i a zip code 2 ! 'l n ~



c..- .... f(O.Oo(!Of

Section number _ 7 __

1 Page __ _ Southwest #7 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTE

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 9-10.



a..-- 1(12.6.00 ..

Southwest #7 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Section number * Page _ __.___

*


Southwest #7 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Arlington County, Virginia Fairfax county, Virginia Mary Jane Fish 1990 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and most of the fence enclosure facing north Negative No. 10703/5 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 2

2. View of stone and fence enclosure facing south Negative No. 10703/10 File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 2



' - :::--""- --This form is for use in nomtnating or reQuesting determrnations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guideline: for Completing Nations/ R&giSttJr Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropnate box or by enter the requested informatton.lf an rtem does not apply to the propeny being documented. enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functrons. styles. maten and areas of significance. enter only the caregones and subcategones listed in the instructtons. For additional space use contrnuatton sheets (Form 1 0-900a). Type all entnes.

1. Name of Prooerty historic name South,..est #8 Boundarv Harker of the Original District of Columbia other names/site number S\-i8 Jurisdictio:1 Stone

DHR File 00-22 2. location street & number Behind corner ~ilson Blvd. & John rtarshal~'! not for publication

city, town Arlington state Virginia code VA county Arlington


[]private 0 public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal


0 building(s) 0 district Osite 0 structure Q]object

Fairfax

Name of related multiple property listing: Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia


N .vicinity

code 013 zip code 22 04 2 059

Number of Resources wtthin Property


2

_--:..~.0_ structures _ __....0'-- objects _--:..~.0_ Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register _.....:).._/...,.:\ __ _

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this CXJ nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opirVc:\n. t~ property.W me,e}s Q does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuatron sheet.

~ 1. r Vu lti 1-, ~ 159a Signature ot cenrfng official Date I


In my opinion. the property 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See contrnuatton sheet.



5. National Park Service Certification J_.!yreby, certify that this property is:

[Zl entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sneet.

0 determined eligible tor the National Register. 0 See contrnuation sheet.



0 other. (explain:) --------

Date

,(•r/ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action

6. Function or Use · Histone Functions (enter categones from .nstrucuons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Funct1ons (enter categones from .nstruct1onsJ


7. Description Architectural Classification Matenals (enter categories from instructions) (enter categories from instructions)

N/A

foundation _....;.~....;.1:-=-A:;__ __________ _ walls ___ ..:.:N..:..I.:..:A ___________ _


~1etal: iron



se sw




Located behind the Patrick Henry Apartments at the intersection of John Marshall Drive and Wilson Boulevard, the Southwest No. 8 Mile Marker of Aquia sandstone rests on a grassy area near the water tower, specifically at the corner of the parking lot behind 2921 McKinley Road. In poor condition, badly worn, gouged, and broken, it is no longer in the proper position. Having disappeared twice, this

stone was recovered and reset but rotated from its original placement.' The top of the stone is uneven and ranges from 25" to 30" in height. The wrought iron fence surrounding it is 45" in height but has been bent, probably from cars using the parking lot. The concrete on the base of the fence is eroding due to the erosion of the hill on one side of the fence though the surrounding area is well-maintained. The bronze plaque reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL/ BOUNDARY STONE/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ PLACED 1791-1792/ PROTECTED BY/ DR. ELISHA DICK CHAPTER/ DAR/ 1950. The property is owned by Patrick Henry Apartments Limited Partnership. Stewardship of this stone belongs to Dr. Elisha Dick Chapter, VADAR, of Alexandria, VA, and was surveyed 30 November 1989, by Mrs. William Millman of that chapter.

[3 See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance · Certifymg orlicral has consrdered the srgnrficance ot thrs property rn relatron to other properties:

[X] natronally ~ statewrde :__j locally

Applicable National Register Criteria WA C 8 C C CD

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 A ~ 8 c c r D c E D F c G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Comrnunit\' PlanninQ and Develooment Politics/Government

Significant Person ':{/A




Signrficant DatE 1791

State srgnificance of property, and justify crrterra. crrteria consrderations. and areas and periods of signrficance noted abOve.


The Southwest # 8 marker is significant because it marked the eighth -mile on the southwest side of the District of Columbia, eight miles from the South Cornerstone at Jones Point.

In the survey of 1894-97 it was missing; Mr. Morgan Steeves, a resident of Falls Church for forty years, said it stood near the road on the side of Throckmorton or Upton Hill, fell into a caving bank, lay there where it fell, and finally disappeared in the 1880s. 1 By 1906, it had been found and reset, although rotated and not in its proper location. Fort Ramsay occupied the western portion of the hill upon which the stone is placed. 2

Criteria consideration B is applied because the marker has been relocated. It is exceptional, however, because it is an integral component of this important group of rare surviving resources.

[EJ See continuation sheet


Pr.vloua documentation on flit (NPS): D preliminary determination of Individual llatlng (35 CFR 57)

hu bttn rtCIUIIttd

~ prevloualy llattd In tht National Rtglattr prtvloualy dtttrmlntd tllglblt by tht National Reglattr dlllgnattd 1 National Hlatorlc Landmark rtcordtd by Hlttorle American Bulldlnga

SUNtY*-------------------------------0 rteordtd by Hlttorlc American Englnttrlng

Record''--------------------

10. Geographical Data Acreage of property T 0 s s +- h a n 0 n ? ::> ,... ,.. -=> I

UTM Reftrtncll A l..lJ.aj 1~11 ,~ ls~?,ol

Zone Eutlng cL.W 1 1, 1,. 1

Verbal Bounoary Oescrrptlon

14 a 1o ,4 14 .o .o 1

Northing I I I I I I

0 Stt continuation ahttt

Primary location of additional data: State hlatorlc prtatrvatlon oHiet Other State agency Ftdtral agency Local government Unlvtralty Other

Specify rtpoaltory:

eLW 1 1, 1,, 1 1, 1 I 1, I 1 Zone Eutlng Northing

oLL.J I I, I,, 1, 1,1. I 1

D Set continuation sheet




The boundary includes the stone a~d its fence.


11. Form Prepared By nameltltle B::orbar::: l!, Hyna~;. C'1ajrmar:. nistrjrt Y SoJJnd::ory Marh::.l"~ CQl'!JMit+roo

organization virqinja Dauo-bters 0~ the aoorican * datt tTPly 0, 1° 0 0 * Poyp1"t-;~~ atreet&number 812 s. CmJr-~r>,nnc::"' Road telephone ("7Q3)c::::::'-0065 city or town --.a .._,....l...J.· -W::!~,UJ,---------------- state vi rg i n i ::. zip cOde ? ..., ..., n .:1

• U .! .GPO: 1888.0.223r81 I



Section number __ 7_ Page __ 1_ southwest #8 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTE

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A Camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 10.



0.. - ... •COoi47'JI

Section number __ 8 _ Page __ 1_ Southwest #8 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES





National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Southwest #8 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page _ __.__ *Photographs

Southwest #8 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Alexandria county, Virginia Fairfax County, Virginia Rufus W. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA View of stone and fence enclosure facing northeast Negative No. 10701/21 File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 1



' I

This form is for use rn nominating or requesting determrnatrons of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructrons rn Guidelines for Completmg National Register Forms (National R&grster Bulletin 16). Complete eacn rtem by marking .. x .. in the appropnate box or by enter the requested information. If an item does not apply to the prooeny berng oocumented, enter .. N/A" for "not applicable." For functiOns. styles. maten< and areas of srgnrficance. enter only the categones and subcat&gones fisted in the instructions. For additional space use connnuanon sneets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

1. Name of Property historic name West Cornerstone other names/site number \.Jest. Jurisdiction Stone

DHR File 00-22 2. Location street & number \.Jest side Meridian St., south of \hlliarasburo Blvd. not for puolicat1on ci , town Falls Church state \'irginia code

3. Classification Ownersn1p of Property

Oprivate Qpublic-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal

VA


0 building(s) 0district Osite 0 structure [XI object

Name of related multiple property listing: Boundarv :furkers of the Original District of Columbia


vicinity

Number of Resources within Property

Contributing Noncontributing 0 0 buildings 0 n sites

----'-'0- structures _ __.....o_ objects

2 0 Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register ---...':_1_.:\ __ _

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. as amended, I hereby certify that this []]nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National A ,~ ister of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFA Part 60. In my opin b~. the )prop~ CXJ. "1eets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See conTinuation sheet.

~~ [., LL h,L tf_/_ li Dec {'iic Signature of certitfmg official Date

Director. firginia Department of Historic Resources State or Federal agency and bureau




5. National Park Service Certification I, hJ"eby, certify that this property is:

[SZJ entered in the National Register. 0 See contrnuation sheet.

0 determined eligible for the National Register. 0 See contrnuauon sheet.



Oother. (explain:)--------

Date

Signature of the Keeper Date of Action

6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categones trom mstrucuons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Funct1ons (enter categorres from rnstrucuons)


7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (enter categories from instructions) (enter categories from instructions)

~/A foundation --'-:-.1:-'-/-f-A'--------------walls ___ :.;..N:....;!A:.:,._ ___________ _


Metal: iron



WEST CORNERSTONE MARKER


Located 120' from the west side of Meridian Street, 200' south of Williamsburg Boulevard and ten miles northwest of Jones Point, the West

NW sw Cornerstone Marker of Aquia sandstone is in one of the most attractive settings of all the boundary stones. A visible

sections of example of what can be accomplished when marker missing local jurisdictions cooperate on a

restoration project, this lovely miniature park was purchased jointly in 1956 by the city of Falls Church, Arlington County and Fairfax County. surrounded by a wooden rail fence in a residential neighborhood with a walkway from Meridian Street and white bricks set in the ground to mark the southwest and northwest boundary lines, the stone is worn on the northwest and southwest sides from 23" down to 13" above the ground. Unlike the North and East Cornerstones, the West Cornerstone is unique because of its size and its horizontal inscriptions. on top it has grooves indicating that the center of the stone is the corner of the District of Columbia. A 7' X 8 1/2' rectangular iron fence painted brown is in excellent condition, the result of a 1989 rededication of the marker by Falls Church Chapter, VADAR.

[I] See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Cert1fytng official has cons1oered the s1gmficance of th1s property m relatiOn to otner propen1es:

~ r--: . ~ LXJ natiOnally :_j statewide _J locally

Applicable National Register Criteria m A L B c c D D

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 A fiB C C ~ D C E 0 F C G

Areas of Significance (enter catEtgories from mstructions) Communitv Plannin2 and Develooment Politics/Government

Significant Person ':i/A


Cultural Affiliation ~/A


Sign1f1cant Date! 1791

State Significance of propeny. and JUStify critena. cnteria cons1derat1ons. ana areas and penods of Significance noted aoove.

The significance of the Boundary Markers as a group is stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item III, Significance. The justification of criteria and areas and periods of significance are stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section E, Statement of Historic contexts.

The West Cornerstone marker is significant because it marked the West corner of the District of Columbia, ten miles from the South Cornerstone at Jones Point. It is the second cornerstone located in Virginia.

It is, however, actually 10 miles and 230.6 feet from the South Cornerstone. 1

In the 1894-972 and 19063 surveys, it was badly broken, but the pieces were lying together.

The marker is only two feet high, the size of the intermediate stones, not three feet high as the north and east cornerstones are. The cornerstones were supposed to have been marked "Jurisdiction of the United States" vertically on one side, in contrast to the intermediate stones where the "Jurisdiction of the United States'' runs horizontally on one side of the stone. 4 The stone lettering on the West Cornerstone is different, with the words "Jurisdiction of the United States" being carved horizontally around two sides of the stone. This is the only stone so marked. Now worn away, on two of its bevelled edges at the top, the "West Corner" was engraved, also unlike any of the other stones. Southeast #3 is a three foot stone, the size the East and North cornerstones are and the size that all the cornerstones were supposed to have been. It therefore appears that the present day West Cornerstone and the

[D See continuation sheet



has been requested 0 previously listed In the National Register 0 previously determined eligible by the National Register 0 designated a National Historic Landmark 0 recorded by Historic American Buildings

SuNey*---------------------------------0 recorded by Historic American Engineering

Record*----------------------------------



Primary location of additional data: D State historic preservation office D Other State agency

8 Federal agency Local government

D University Oether Specify repoeltory:

Acreage of property ___ ... ;.,;.e~s..:s ........... ..;'h""'a;u.:.p.....,oL.;.,.,.:..;o;;,_;;.::>.:...'"'•r..;."":...·...._-------------------------------------

UTM References A lL..aJ 13 II rl IS 1 710 I

Zone Euting

c L.W I I I I I

Verbal Boundary Description

I.::! ,':l lo ·61a .n ·OI Northing

I ' I I I I ' I

BL!...J I I I I I I

Zone Eutlng

oL..t..J I I 1 I

D Set continuation sheet

I I ! I

Northing I I I I I '

The nominatad area is that boundary stone in its small fenced ar approximately 7' X 8~'.





11. Form Prepared By name/title Barbara~. Hynak, Chairman, District Y Bonndary Markers Cornrnittoo organlzationVirqipja Dauchters of +'he ;merjcan * date .Inly o,JqqQ *ReyaJp+-j,..., ....

street & number 8 1 ? S "R o a d telephone r 7 a 3 ) "' ::; ~ a a 6 c;

city or town --~:=..I....I...,,,...I..U,~..w.J.------------------ state ,,. i rq i ,~ j a zip code 2"' J a ,A

--1~ ( ... United States Department of the Interior National Park Service


Section number __ 7 __ Page __ 1_ West Cornerstone

=---,~·

The fence holds two bronze plaques. The first plaque reads: PERMISSION TO MARK/ GRANTED BY/ V.S.S. D.A.R./ VA. STATE SOCIETY 1952. The second plaque reads: ORIGINAL WEST CORNERSTONE/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 1791-1792/ DEDICATION 1952/ REDEDICATION 1989/ FALLS CHURCH CHAPTER, NSDAR. The property is owned by the public; Arlington county owns 8,001 sq. ft.; Fairfax county owns 2,048 sq. ft.; and the city of Falls Church owns.1,800 sq. ft .. This stone was surveyed in october 1989 by Mrs. Lennart A. Gunnarson, Falls Church Chapter, VADAR, which assumed stewardship responsibility as permitted by the VADAR.



Section number __ a_ Page __ 1_ West Cornerstone

ooe--·~•

Southeast #3 stone were mixed up in 1791. This would also account for the fact of the two-sided horizontal writing, as the smaller size stone used as the West Cornerstone couldn't accommodate the vertical writing that was to have been carved on the cornerstones.

The marker has grooves on the top, indicating that the center of the stone is the corner of the District of Columbia.

The following represents what the original markings were on the stone, this being different from any of the other stones: 5

;---I \~/c..o.--r

Jun ~.c. ~i~ ·ni-.. ..,_,_

"*'""" Vrv. 1·o·

Uni ted !:cut ~ tes

'7J'

SE' NE' tJW SW

criteria consideration B is applied because the marker has been relocated. It is exceptional, however, becaus7 ~t is an integral component of this important group of rare surv1v1ng resources.



Section number __ 8 __ Page __ 2_ West Cornerstone

ENDNOTES




3. Fred E. Woodward, "With A camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 11-12.


5. Mark J. Terman, "The 1 Jurisdiction Stones 1 and Cornerstone Park," Manuscript on file in Virginia Collection, Falls Church Public Library, (1972).


National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet West Cornerstone of the Original District of Columbia

Section number _..;.;..*--

*


West Cornerstone of the Original District of columbia Arlington County, Virginia Fairfax County, Virginia Falls Church city, Virginia Rufus w. Shivers 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and fence enclosure facing southeast Negative No. File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 3

2. View of stone in closeup facing northwest Negative No. File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 3

3. View of stone, fence enclosure and stones marking boundary line facing northwest Negative No. File No. 00-22 Photo 3 of 3


National Register of Historic Places Registration Form \'

·~-.sT.;-

This form is for use in nominating or r&auesung determmalions of eligibility for individual propert1es or districts. See instructions in GuidelinE tor Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletm 16). Complete eacn 1tem by marlong "x" in the appropnate box or by ente the requested informatiOn. If an item ooes not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not aoplicable." For functions. styles. mate1 and areas of significance. enter only the categones and sucx:ategones 11sted 1n the mstrucuons. For additional space use conunuat1on sneet (Form 10-900a). Type all entnes.

1. Name of Property historic name Northwest #1 Boundarv ~~rker of the Original District of Columtia other names/site number i'-1\</ 1 Jurisdictio~ Stone

DHR File 00-22 2. location street & number 3607 Powhatan Street ci , town Arlinoton state Virginia code


[I] private

0 public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal

VA county Arlington

Category of Propeny

0 building(s) 0district Osite 0 structure [X} object



not tor publication vicinity

code zip code 22213

Number of Resources w1thin Property

Contributing Noncontributing 0 0 buildings 0 n sites

_ __..0_ structures

----"'0- objects ? 0 Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register --'''._· 1..._ __ _

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended. I hereby certify that th1s [])nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my o i ion. he R ope """'7l eets L does not meet the National Register criteria. Q See conttnuat1on sheet.

1'7 De-c.t-'itic::> Signature of c itying official Date


In my opinion, the property 0 meets LJ does not meet the National Register cnteria. 0 See contmuauon sheet.



5. National Park Service Certification l,l]Preby, certify that this property rs:

~entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.

0 determined eligible for the National Register. 0 See contmuatton sraet.


0 removed from the National Register

0 other. (explain:) ---------

Date

d)J/4!

p { Signature of the Keeper Date of A.ct1on

6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categones from tnstructtons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Funct1ons tenter categones from tnstructtons)

Other: boundary marker


N/A

Materials (enter categories from instructtons)

foundation -~~:-:-/~A:.._ __________ _ walls ___ .:..;N..:../.:.=.A ___________ _


Metal: iron



sw


NORTHWEST NO. 1 MILE MARKER


Located in the rear sideyard of a private residence at 3607 Powhatan Street, Arlington, Virginia, the Northwest No. 1 Mile Marker of Aquia sandstone is approximately 200' from the street, up a driveway and onto a wooded hillside. Barely visible from the road, the stone is in a protected wooded environment cleared of underbrush. The owner's son is temporarily in residence and has two dogs

penned behind a partially stockaded and electrified fence, approximately 3' from the southeast side of the fence surrounding the marker. Fairly well maintained, the 11" X 11" X 27 1/2" stone is partially sheared off at an angle on the northeast side approximately 11" on the lower left side to upper right corner. Placed 1 November 1916, the wrought iron fence, slightly rusty in spots, is painted dark green. A bronze plaque reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL BOUNDARY STONE/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ PLACED 1791-1792/ PROTECTED BY RICHARD ARNOLD CHAPTER/ DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION/ 1916. The property is owned by Mrs. Dorothy R. Hall, who gave permission to enter her property for this survey. The stone was surveyed 7 october 1989, by Mrs. Donald F. Mayer, Freedom Hill Chapter, VADAR, in McLean, Virginia.


8. Statement of Significance Certitymg official has considered the s1gn1ficance of thiS property rn relation to other properties:

[XJ nationally ::::J statew1de :=J locally

Applicable National Register Criteria m A 11 8 c c D D

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) C A C 8 C C D D C E L F L G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communitv Planning and Development Politics/Government

Significant Person ':{/A




Significant Dat1 1791 1916

State Significance of property, ar:d justify cntena, cntena cons1derat1ons, and areas and periods of significance notea above.

The significance of the Boundary Marker~ as a group is stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section F, Item III, Significance. The justification of criteria and areas and periods of significance are stated in the Multiple Property Documentation Form for the Boundary Markers of the original District of Columbia, Section E, Statement of Historic Contexts.

The Northwest # 1 marker is significant because it marked the first mile on the northwest side of the District of Columbia, one mile from the West cornerstone.

It was noted in the 1894-97 survey that part of the top was broken off. 1

ENDNOTE

1 . Marcus Baker, Columbia, " Records {1897): 221.






Survey;;-----------------0 recorded by Historic American Engineering

Record *-----------------1 o. Geographical Data Acreage of property Less than one acre.

UTM References A LL._aj I 3ll 12 /3 19 ~o I 11 b2 10 I 8 I 0 I 8 '0 I

Zone Easting Northing

c L__U I I I I I I I I I I I



Primary location of additional data: 0 State historic preservation office 0 Other State agency 0 Federal agency 0 Local government 0 University ·oOther Specify repository:

B LLJ I I I I I ' I I I I Zone Easting Northrng

D LLJ I I I I I I I I


I I

I I

The nominated area is that boundary stone in its small fenced area, appro~imately ~· x 3'.





11. Form Prepared By name/title ~;;rbara A. Hvnak, Chairman, District Y Boundary "1arl:ers Committee organization Virginia Daughters of the American* date July Q, 1990 *~eyolntic street&number 812 S. Courthouse Road telephone r-:-o~) c::c::~-0065 cityortown Arlington state Vj,..gi~ia zipcode '~..,..,0.1


National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Northwest ~1 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page _ __...__ *


Northwest #1 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Arlington, Virginia LeAnn F. Turbyfill 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and fence enclosure facing southwest Negative No. File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 2

2. View of stone in close up facing northwest Negative No. File No. 00-22 Photo 2 of 2


National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions m Guideline. for Completing Nstlonal Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each 1tem by marking "x" in the appropnate box or t>y ente1 the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being dOCumented. enter "NIA" for "not applieaDie." For functions. sty1es. maten and areas of significance. enter only the cat990nes and subcat990nes listed in the instructiOns. For additional space use continuatiOn sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries.

2. Location street & number 5145 ~orth 38th Street ci town Arlin ton state Virginia code

3. Classification Ownership of Propeny

[]]private 0 public·focal 0 public·State 0 pubfic·Federaf

VA county Arlington

Category of Propeny

0 buifding(s) 0district Osite 0 structure [].]object

Name of related multiple propeny listing: Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia



zip code.::2:207

Number of Resources w1thm Propeny


?

_ __..0_ structures

_ _....0'--- ObjectS

_ __..0_ Total

Number of contributing resources orev1ousfy fisted in the National Reg1ster __,' ·-·~---

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby cen1ty that th1s []]nomination 0 request tor determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registerrng propen1es m the National _R~~ister of Historic_~Pfaces and meets the procedural a~d professional requirements set fonh in 36 CFR Part 60. In my op1niop/ the propeny ee_t~ 0 does not meet the National Reg1ster cntena. 0 See continuauon sneet . . _

f-i_..._ L r Ul u_ . 1 i , i- · ~ 7 a Signature of certi~~~g official Date Director, Virginia Department of Historic Resources


In my opinion, the propeny 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See contmuat•on snee«.



5. National Park Service Certification ~']J"'eby, certify that this propeny is:

~entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet.



0 removed from the Natio11a! Register.

0 other, (explain:) --------

Date

/~w A I. \ ~ ;4!lCUJ)~ ! I I

.;) I I rl/

t'r/ Signature of the Keeper Date of Act•on

6. Function or Use Histone Functtons (enter categones from tnstructtons)

Other: boundarv marker Current Functions (enter categones from mstructtonsl



N/A

Materials (enter categones from instructions)

foundation --'-~~1:-'-A'-------------walls ___ .:..;.N.:...I:..:.A ___________ _


Metal: iron

· Describe present and historic physical appearance.


NW SE

~~~i sections of E marker missing



Located in the rear yard of 5145 38th Street, Arlington, Virginia, the Northwest No. 2 Mile Marker of Aquia sandstone is approximately 165' northwest from the rear of the house and approximately 15' from the crest of a hill overlooking Old Dominion Drive. Not visible from 38th Street and only slightly visible from Old Dominion Drive, the site slopes toward Old Dominion Drive and contains several large

hardwood trees, 12"-24" in diameter. The stone is chipped and in poor condition with its top worn awa1. Pieces of the stone were carried off to be used as whetstones. The original inscription is only partially visible on the southeast side. The J' X 3' X 4'10" wrought iron fence is painted blue with some flaking of the paint and some rusting on the base of the rails. A bronze plaque reads: NO. 2 STONE OF NORTHWEST LEG/ WASHINGTON-LEE SOCIETY/ THE CHILDREN OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION/ THOMAS NELSON CHAPTER DAR/ OCTOBER 12, 1969. The property is owned by Mr. Charles Warden, executor of the estate of Margaretta w. Warden. This stone is under the stewardship of Thomas Nelson Chapter, VADAR, Arlington, VA, and was surveyed 13 October 1989, by Mrs. Michael J. Hynak, a member of that chapter, and Mrs. John Turbyfill of Anna Maria Fitzhugh Chapter, VADAR, Springfield, VA.

[]] See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Certifying orfic1al has considered the s1gmficance ot thiS property 1n relation to other propen1es:

[I] nationally =:J statewide _j locally

Applicable National Register Criteria [IJ A C 8 0 C 0 D

Criteria Considerations (.Exceptions) 0 A C 8 C C 0 D C E [J F [J G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communitv PlanninQ and Develooment Politics/Government

Significant Person NIA




Significant Oat~ 1791

State Significance of property. and justify critena. cnteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above.


The Northwest # 2 marker is significant because it marked the second mile on the northwest side of the District of Columbia, two miles from the West Cornerstone.

The 1894-97 survey noted that it was partially broken off with pieces being carried off to be used as whetstones.' The words "of th~" appear in italics for the first time, and continue to be in italics on the stones placed after NW2.

ENDNOTE







SuNeyN ________________________________ __

0 recorded by Historic American Engineenng

Record ~~-------------------------



Primary location of additional data: D State historic preseNation office D Other State agency 0 Federal agency D Local government 0 University Oother S~ity repository:

Acreage of property _....;;'!:.;:;..e~s-=s____;t:....:!;.;:.1.=a.;:.;n:..,.._o:....:n:..:....:.e____;a..;..c_.;;,.r....:;e_. _________________________________ _

UTM References Al..L..§J /31113/9.2.0/

Zone East1ng

c L..U I I I I I '

Verbal Boundary Descnpt1on

14~3(0 1 911~8 ,Oj Northing

L I I I I I I

8 L..U I I I I I I I I '

Zone Easting Northing

ol_U I I 1 I I I I I ' I


The nominated area is that boundary stone in its snall fenced area, approximately 3' x 3'.





11. Fonn Prepared By namettitle Barbara A. Hynak, Chairman, District V Boundary Markers Committee organization Virgir;ia Dauahters of the American * date July 9, 1990 * Revoluti street & number 8 , 7 s C au r t b o '1 s P R o a d telephone ( 7 0 3 ) 5 5 3 - 0 0 6 5 city or town --~..,~,...,;~~-L.J,.j,...._ ___________________ state Vi r a i .:1 i a zip code 2 2 2 0 4



Section number __ 7 _ 1 Page __ _ Northwest #2 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTE



National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Northwest #2 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page 1 *Photogranhs

Northwest #2 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia Arlington, Virginia LeAnn F. Turbyfill 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA View of stone and fence enclosure facing northwest Negative No. 10701/7A File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 1



.~ . I

l \'

I .. .' ·- ... ·-·.- ~

This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions rn Guidelines for Completing National Regtster Forms (National Regrster Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by enteri the requested informatron. If an item does not apply to the propeny being documented. enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For functrons. styles, matena and areas of signrficance. enter only the categones and subcategones listed in the instructions. For additional space use contrnuatron sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entnes.

1. Name of Property historic name Nortb1,·est #3 Boundary ~larker of the Original Distrj ct of CoJ umbj a othernames/sitenumber \'1\~3. Juhsdiction Stone

2. Location street & number ci town state Virginia

3. Classification Ownersnip of Propeny

[X] private 0 public-local 0 public-State 0 public-Federal

DHR File 00-22

county


0 building(s) 0district Osite Ostructure [])object

Name of related multiple propeny listing: Boundarv :hrkers of the Original District of Columbia

4 State/Federal Agency Certification .


code

Number of Resources within Propeny

Contributing Noncontributing 0 0 buildings 0 0 sites 1 0 structures

_ __....0_ objects

2 0 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register .....-.~Y ... I...,A __ _

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this [X] nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards tor registering properties in the National ~ister of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my o~ir ion. te propef/ff: tLets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation sheet.

~~ /. -r;,...,_ L1. w-:e. LS. <.:i.t:J Signature ot ~eftlfying official Date

Director 1 Virginia De2artrnent of Hi~tQti' Eescurces State or Federal agency and bureau

In my opinion, the propeny 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation sheet.

Signature ot commentrng or other official


5. National Park Service Certlftcation ~reby, certify that !hiS property is:

0 entered in the National Register. 0 See contrnuation sheet.

0 determin€'d eligible for the National Register. 0 See contrnuation sheet.

0 determined not eligible tor the National Register.


Oother, (explain:)--------

Date

I ,

ft;( Signature of the Keeoer Date ot .b.ction

I I

I

I

I I

I

6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categones from instructions)

Other: boundarv marker Current Funct1ons (enter categones from mstrucuons)



N/A


foundation --7~~/~A:...__ ___________ _ walls ___ .:..;.N.!....I:..:.A ___________ _


Metal: iron



sw SE




Located in the center of the backyard of a private residence on 4013 North Tazewell Street, Arlington, Virginia, Northwest No. 3 Mile Marker of Aquia sandstone was the last stone set in Virginia and was placed slightly beyond its mile distance from the Northwest No. 2 Mile Marker because the higher, firmer ground provided a more permanent site. 1 It is said to have been broken off its base by a Union Army Wagon

during the civil War; the broken part lay twenty to thirty feet from its base, which had become buried in the ground. Surveyors developing the water power at Little Falls made a concerted search for the stump in 1894 and found it. 2 The inscription reads "3 Miles & 14p" ( 14 poles). The bronze plaque reads: ORIGINAL FEDERAL BOUNDARY STONE/ DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/ PLACED 1791-1792/ PROTECTED BY/ ARLINGTON HOUSE CHAPTER/ DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. The boundary marker and plaque stand within a wrought iron fence. The property is owned by carroll Burtner and susan Burtner, of the Tazewell Street address. They gave permission for this survey. Stewardship of this stone rests with Arlington House Chapter, VADAR, Arlington, VA, and the survey was done 10 December 1989, by Miss Rebecca R. Dyer and Mrs. John Harris, members of Arlington House Chapter.

rn See continuation sheet

8. Statement of Significance Certifying otttcial has cons•oered the s1gmticance ot thrs property rn relation to other propenres:

[X] nationally :.....J statew1de [] locally

Applicable National Register Criteria [I] A C B C C CD

Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) D A [L 8 C C CD C E C F C G

Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Communi n· Planning and Development Politics/Government

Significant Person 'j/A

Period of Significance

1791-1940



Significant Oat 1791

State Significance of propeny, and justify criteria, crrteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted aoove.


The Northwest # 3 marker is significant because it marked the third mile on the northwest side of the District of Columbia, three miles from the West Cornerstone. It is the third stone in Virginia to be placed at other than equal miles from the other markers and also the last stone to be placed in Virginia. 1

In 1897 it was found broken off below the ground, with the broken part lying twenty to thirty feet from the base which was long buried and out of sight. It was thought to have been broken by an army wagon during the civil War. Surveyors developing the water power at Little Falls diligently searched for the stump in 1894 and found it after much difficulty. The inscription reads 3 Miles & 14P, which means it was placed three miles and fourteen poles or rods from the West Cornerstone. 2


[]] See continuation sheet

9. Maior Bibliographical References

Previous documentation on file (NPS): · 0 preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67)

has been requested . 0 previously listed in the National Register 0 previously determined eligible by the National Register 0designated a National Historic Lanomark 0 recorded by Histone American Buildings

Survey II-----------------0 recorded by Historic American Engmeenng

Record '-----------------



Primary location of additional data: 0 State historic preservation oHice 0 Other State agency 0 Federal agency 0 Local government 0 University Oother Specify repository:

Acreage of property __ L:;..e~s..;;s_t.:...;...;:t.::a.;.n~o.:......;n..;;e---:a.:...c.:...r~e_. ____________________ _

UTM References A LLJU 1311 ,slo,g,ol

Zone Eastmg

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14 I :: 11 10 13 '7 '0 I Northmg

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Zone Easting

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11. Form Prepared By name/title Barbara A. Hvnak, Chairman, District V Boundary 1-fark:ers Committee organization Virginia Daughters o= the American* date July 9. 1990 * Revo 1 nt.;;;~.

street & number 81 2 S . Co 11 r thou s e no a d telephone ( 7 0 "' ) c:: 5 3 - 0 0 6 5 cityortown state i.·ir;Ji"'i;; zipcode 2"':04



ca.--·~·

Section number __ 7_ 1 Page __ _ Northwest #3 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES

1. Fred E. Woodward, "With A camera over The Old District Boundary Lines," Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1908): 13.

2 • Marcus Baker, Columbia," Records (1897): 221.



National R~gister of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

Section number __ 8_ Page _ 1 __ Northwest #3 Boundary Marker

ENDNOTES





National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Northwest #3 Boundary Marker of the Original District of Columbia

Section number * Page _ _...._ *


Northwest #3 Boundary Marker of the original District of Columbia Arlington County, Virginia Fairfax, County, Virginia LeAnn F. Turbyfill 1989 Negative filed at VA State Library, Richmond, VA

1. View of stone and plaque within fence facing northwest Negative No. 10703/0A File No. 00-22 Photo 1 of 2


national register of historic places !~ =· multiple property ......this form is for use in...

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