NATIVE PLANTS FOR BREVARD COUNTY (Zone 9B)University of Florida/ Brevard County Extension Service

page 4TREES

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt SprayCommon Name Height Spread & Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsAcacia farnesiana 15-25 15-25 Yellow Full sun Moderate Evergreen; fragrant flowers; slow grower; thorns; zones 9A-11Sweet Acacia feet feet year round only

Acer rubrum 60-75 25-35 Red Full sun Low Deciduous; does not grow well on sandy ridges; prefers moist soils; fast Red maple feet feet Spring partial shade grower; prefers acidic soils; shade tree; red fall color; seeds eaten by

squirrels; red flowers & fruit in spring; zones 4A-9B

Aesculus pavia 15-20 15-25 Red Partial shade Moderate Deciduous; attracts squirrels/mammals; pruning required for strong Red buckeye feet feet spring to shade structure; fruit & leaves can be a litter problem; prefers acidic soils; well-

drained soils; tolerates extended flooding; branches droop; zones 6A-9A

Ardisia escallonioides 12-20 6-10 White Full sun High Evergreen; fragrant flowers; attracts birds & mammals; fruit & leaves can Marlberry feet feet ? partial shade be a litter problem; attracts butterflies; branches droop; tolerates wide

range of pH; well-drained soils; can hedge at 4-6, or 6-12 feet; zones 10A-11

Bumelia tenax 15-30 10-20 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; slow grower; showy fruit attracts birds & mammals; well-Tough bumelia feet feet only drained soils; dry soils; tolerates wide range of pH; thorns; cold & drought

tolerant; zones 8A-11

Carpinus caroliniana 20-30 20-30 Incon. Full sun None Deciduous; moderately drought resistant; fluted trunk is very attractive;American hornbeam feet feet to shade good specimen for small area; slow grower; attracts birds; shade tree;

prefers moist, acidic soils; red-orange fall color; host plant - red-spotted purple butterfly; found at Erna Nixon Park; zones 3A-9B

Carya floridana 30-40 15-20 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; multi-trunked; well-drained soils; dry soils; prefers alkaline Scrub hickory feet feet partial shade soils; golden-yellow fall color; female plants produce nuts that attract birds & squirrels; found at Turkey Creek Sanct. & The Enchanted Forest; zones?

Carya glabra 50-65 30-40 Incon. Full sun None Deciduous; drought tolerance; moderate growth rate; tolerates wide range Pignut hickory feet feet partial shade of pH; fruit (nuts) can be a litter problem; yellow fall color; cold tolerant;

prefers well-drained, moist soils; attracts birds & mammals; zones 5A-9B

Celtis laevigata 50-70 50-60 Incon. Full sun High Deciduous; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; tolerates Hackberry feet feet partial shade extended flooding; drought tolerant; at Erna Nixon Park; host plant to the

Snout, Question Mark, Mourning Cloaks, Hackberry & Tawny Emperor butterflies; fast grower; zones 5A-10B

TREES (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 5Common Name Height Spread & Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsChionanthus virginicus 12-20 10-15 White Full sun to None Deciduous; slow grower; fragrant flowers; likes acid soils; flowers before Fringe tree feet feet spring shade the foliage emerges; attracts birds & mammals; prefers moist soils;

butterfly host plant; zones 3A-9B

Coccoloba uvifera 25-30 20-30 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; attracts birds & mammals; edible fruit; high drought tolerance; Seagrape feet feet partial shade leaves and fruit can be a litter problem; can be used as a large shrub also;

zones 10A-11

Conocarpus erectus 30-45 20-30 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; moderate grower; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained Buttonwood feet feet only soils; tolerates occasionally wet soils; drought tolerant; zones 10B-11

Cordia sebestena 25-30 20-25 Orange Full sun High Evergreen; tolerates a wide range of pH; high drought tolerance; attractsGeiger tree feet feet spring,summer partial shade hummingbirds; zones 10B-11

Crataegus aestivalis 20-30 35-40 White Full sun ? Deciduous; slow grower; well-drained soils; tolerates acidic to slightly May haw feet feet spring partial shade alkaline soils; moderate drought tolerance; host plant - Gray hairstreak

butterfly; zones 6A-11

Diospyros virginiana 40-60 20-35 Incon. Full sun High Deciduous; drought resistant; female plants attract birds & mammals; can Persimmon feet feet to shade tolerate extended flooding; edible fruit; can form a thicket in open areas;

host plant - Henry’s elfin butterfly; tolerates wide range of pH; can be found at Turkey Creek Sanctuary; zones 4B-9B

Dodonoea viscosa 10-15 6-15 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; drought tolerant;Varnish leaf feet feet only zones 9A-11

Forestiera segregata 10-15 5-10 Incon. Partial shade High Semi-evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; drought tolerant; berries on Florida privet feet feet female plants only; attracts birds; tolerates poor soils; cold tolerant;

zones 8B-11

Fraxinus caroliniana 30-40 25-30 Incon. Full sun Low Deciduous; tolerates a wide range of pH; tolerates extended flooding; Pop ash feet feet partial shade moderate growth rate; post plant - eastern tiger swallowtail; zones 7B-10A

Gordonia lasianthus 35-60 10-15 White Full sun to None Evergreen; tolerates extended flooding; prefers moist, acid soils; no Loblolly bay feet feet spring, summer shade tolerance to drought; fragrant flowers; can be found in Wickham Park

NW of lake; zones 7A-9B

Ilex cassine 20-30 8-12 Incon. Full sun Moderate Evergreen; attractive berries on female plants only in the winter;Dahoon holly feet feet partial shade tolerates a wide range of pH; can tolerate extended flooding; attracts birds

and mammals; prefers wet or moist soils; tolerates dry soils; zones 7A-11

TREES (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 6Common Name Height Spread & Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsIlex opaca 35-50 15-25 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; attractive red berries in the winter attract birds & mammals;American holly feet feet to shade tolerates extended flooding; drought tolerant; tolerates wide range pH;

tolerates neglect; zones 5B-9B

Ilex vomitoria 15-25 15-20 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; tolerates Yaupon holly feet feet to shade extended flooding; drought tolerant; attracts birds & mammals; shears

well; zones 7A-9B

Juniperus silicicola 30-45 20-30 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; fast grower; berries attracts birds; tolerates wide range of pH;Southern redcedar feet feet partial shade drought tolerant; can tolerate wet or dry soils; cold tolerant; provides

nesting for birds; host plant - olive hairstreak butterfly; zones 8A-10B

Liquidambar styraciflua 60-75 35-50 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; fast growing; produces messy, sharply pointed fruit in the fall; Sweet gum feet feet partial shade good fall color; fruit attracts birds & mammals; tolerates wide range of pH & extended flooding; can form large surface roots; zones 5B-10A

Lyonia ferruginea 12-15 4-6 White Full sun Low Evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; good Rusty lyonia feet feet spring to shade specimen tree; zones ?

Magnolia grandiflora 60-80 30-40 White Full sun High Evergreen; flowers are large and fragrant; large, glossy green leaves; seeds Southern magnolia feet feet spring,summer partial shade attract birds & squirrels; tolerates wide range of pH; moderate drought

tolerance; prefers moist, rich soils; use a palm fertilizer with trace elements; zones 7A-10A ( lg. specimen on the campus of ISU in zone 5!)

Magnolia virginiana 40-50 15-25 White Full sun Moderate Evergreen; fragrant flowers; fruit attracts birds & mammals; prefers Sweet bay feet feet summer partial shade moist, acidic soils; tolerates extended flooding; silver hairs on the

undersides of the leaves gives the tree a shimmering appearance in windy weather; host plant - laurel swallowtail butterfly; zones 5A-10A

Morus rubra 50-70 20-40 Incon. Full sun None Deciduous; attracts birds & mammals; edible fruit; tolerates all soil Red Mulberry feet feet partial shade moisture levels; fruits can stain cement, etc.; host plant for question mark,

red admiral & gray hairstreak butterflies; found at Sebastian

Inlet State Park; Erna Nixon Park; Enchanted Forest & Lori Wilson Park; zones ?

Myrcianthes fragrans 20-30 15-20 White Full sun High Evergreen; fragrant flowers; slow grower; tolerates wide range of pH; Simpson’s stopper feet feet spring partial shade colorful berries attract birds; minimum height is 12 feet; good replacement for crape myrtle; shears well; attractive peeling bark; zones 9B-11

TREES (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 7Common Name Height Spread & Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsMyrica cerifera 15-25 20-25 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; an excellent small native tree; berries on FEMALE plants Wax myrtle feet feet to shade attract birds and mammals; fast grower; can tolerate extended flooding;

root suckers can be a problem; use as a dense screen; susceptible to root and wood rot; host plant - red banded hairstreak butterfly; zones 7B-11

Nyssa sylvatica 65-75 25-35 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; foliage turns golden or crimson in the fall; fruits attract birds & Black tupelo feet feet partial shade mammals; prefers moist, acidic soils; high drought tolerance but can tolerate extended flooding; shade tree; zones 4B-9B

Osmanthus americana 15-25 10-15 White Full sun High Evergreen; fragrant flowers; prefers acid soils; fruit attracts birds & Wild olive feet feet spring partial shade mammals; tolerates extended flooding; moderate drought tolerance;

zones 5B-9B

Persea borbonia 30-50 30-50 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; drought tolerant; tolerates wide range of pH; attracts birds &Redbay feet feet partial shade mammals; foliage is fragrant when crushed; prefers dry soils; shade tree;

host plant - palamedes swallowtail, spicebush swallowtail & laurel swallowtail; can be found at Wickham Park, & Lori

Wilson Park; P. palustris grows in wetter soils; zones 7B-11

Pinus clausa 25-40 15-25 Incon. Full sun Low Evergreen; attracts mammals; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained Sand pine feet feet soils drought tolerant; slow grower; prefers dry soils; shade tree; can be

found in Wickham Park; 2 needles per bundle - 2-4 inches long; zones 7A-10B

Pinus elliottii var. densa 50-70 35-50 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; fast grower; tolerates acidic to slightly alkaline soils; Slash pine feet feet partial shade well-drained soils; tolerates occassionally wet soils; drought tolerant;

attracts birds & mammals; 2-3 needles per bundle/ 7-12 inches

long; host plant - spicebush swallowtail; zones 9B-11

Pinus glabra 30-60 25-40 Incon. Full sun Low Evergreen; tolerates acidic to slightly alkaline soils; well-drained Spruce pine feet feet partial shade soils; tolerates extended flooding; moderate drought tolerance; host

plant - spicebush swallowtail butterfly; zones 8A-9B

Pinus palustris 60-80 30-40 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; fast grower; tolerates acidic to slightly alkaline soils Longleaf pine feet feet only well-drained soils; drought tolerate; attract mammals; endangered

red cockaded woodpecker is dependent on this tree for survival; 3 needles per bundle/8-18 inches long; host plant - spicebush swallowtail butterfly; zones 7A-10A

TREES (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 8Common Name Height Spread & Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsPrunus angustifolia 12-20 15-20 White Full sun Low Deciduous; fragrant flowers; attracts birds & mammals; prefers dry to Chickasaw plumfeet feet spring partial shade moist, acidic soils; well-drained soils; high drought tolerance; thorns; can

form underground runners which can create a thicket; nectar plant - butterflies; host plant - viceroy, eastern tiger swallowtail butterflies;

zones 6A-9B

Quercus laevis 30-40 25-30 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; moderate growth rate; acorns attract mammals; high drought Turkey oak feet feet fall color - copper; tolerates acidic soils; well-drained soils; zones 7B-9B

Quercus laurifolia 60-70 35-45 Incon. Full sun Low Semi-evergreen; fast grower; acorns attract mammals; moderate drought Laurel oak feet feet partial shade tolerance; well-drained soils; tolerates wide range of pH; host plant - red

banded, southern oak & white M hairstreak butterflies; zones 6B-10A

Quercus myrtifolia 20-30 20-30 Incon. Full sun Moderate Evergreen; attracts birds & mammals; well-drained soils; dry soils; Myrtle oak feet feet only tolerates wide range of pH; host plant - red banded, southern oak & white

M hairstreak butterflies; zones?

Quercus nigra 50- 60 60-70 Incon. Full sun Low Deciduous; fast grower; attracts mammals; tolerates wide range of pH; Water oak feet feet partial shade drought tolerant; tolerates extended flooding; host plant - red banded,

southern oak & white M hairstreak butterflies; zones 6A-10A

Quercus virginiana 60-80 60-120 Incon. Full sun High Semi-evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; tolerates occasional flooding; Live oak feet feet partial shade well-drained soils; drought tolerant; host plant - red banded, southern oak

& white M hairstreak butterflies; zones 7B-10B

Taxodium distichum 60-80 25-35 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; tolerates wide range pH; well-drained soils; tolerates extended Bald cypress feet feet to shade flooding; drought tolerant; can tolerate wet or dry soils; zones 5A-10B

Ulmus alata 45-70 30-40 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained but will tolerate Winged elm feet feet partial shade extended flooding; drought tolerant; prefers moist soils; host plant -

question mark & hackberry butterflies; zones 6A-9B

Ulmus americana 60-80 50-60 Incon. Full sun Moderate Deciduous; fast grower; attracts birds; tolerates wide range pH; well-var. floridana feet feet partial shade drained sols; tolerates extended flooding; moderate drought tolerance;

Florida elm prefers moist soils; host plant - question mark & hackberry butterflies; zones 8A-9B

Vaccinium arboreum 12-18 10-15 White Partial shade Low Evergreen; attracts birds & mammals; moderate drought tolerance; prefers Sparkleberry feet feet spring to shade moist, acidic soils; well-drained soils; tolerates occassionaly wet soils;

attractive red bark; crooked branches form an open, irregular crown; zones 6B-10B

TREES (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 9Common Name Height Spread & Season Conditions Tolerance Comments

Zanthoxylum 25-30 15-20 Incon. Full sun High Deciduous; well-drained soils; dry soils; very thorny; host plant for the

clava-herculis feet feet only giant swallowtail butterfly (orange dog caterpillar); zones ?Hercules’ club

SHRUBS

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt SprayCommon Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsAcrostichum 6-7 4-5 Incon. Full sun High Tolerates wide range of pH; prefers moist to wet soils; can be found

danaeifolium feet feet partial shade Hoo Hoo park on US 1 in RockledgeLeather fern

Agarista populifolia 10-12 2-3 White Partial shade Low Evergreen; shears well; prefers moist, acidic soils; fragrant flowers; Pipestem feet feet spring to shade tolerates wet, acidic soils; must be kept well watered during dry

spells; leaves susceptible to fungal spotting; keep pruning to a minimum so as not to destroy mature form

Aster carolinianus 4-6 3-4 Pink Full sun Moderate Prefers moist to wet soils; nectar plant - butterfliesClimbing aster feet feet fall to shade

Baccharis halimifolia 12-15 4-6 White Full sun High Does well in a border planting; evergreen; dry soils; well-drainedSalt bush feet feet fall is best soils; attractive flowers on female plants only; cold tolerant;

drought tolerant

Bumelia tenax maint. 10-20 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; slow grower; showy fruit attracts birds & mammals; Tough bumelia 6-12 feet only well-drained soils; dry soils; tolerates wide range of pH; thorns; cold

feet & drought tolerant

Callicarpa americana 4-6 6-10 Lavender Full sun Low Showy purple fruit -fall; attracts birds; white fruited cultivar; Beautyberry feet feet spring partial shade tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; deciduous;

cold & drought tolerant; branches should be cut back heavily after fruiting to maintain compact growth

Calycanthus floridus 6-10 6-10 Maroon Partial shade Low Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils with good moisture;Sweetshrub feet feet spring,summer to shade fragrant flowers smell like strawberries; deciduous; aromatic

leaves; will shear well; yellow fall foliage; mature floewrs used as air-fresheners in closets & drawers

Chiococca alba 6-8 2-4 White Full sun Moderate Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; wet soils;Snowberry feet feet year round to shade attractive white berries; evergreen; cold & drought tolerant

SHRUBS (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 10Common Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsCitharexylum 8-10 6-8 White Full sun High Prefers alkaline soils; well-drained soils; dry soils; flowers are

fruiticosum feet feet spring-fall partial shade very fragrant; shears well; attracts birds; drought tolerant; Fiddlewood evergreen

Conocarpus erectus maint. 20-30 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; moderate grower; tolerates wide range of pH; well-Buttonwood 4-6 feet only drained soils; tolerates occassionally wet soils; drought tolerant

6-12feet

Cyrilla racemiflora 4-6 3-4 White Full sun High Evergreen; drought tolerant; tolerant of a wide range of soil Titi feet feet conditions as long as the pH is extremely acid (4.0-5.0); plants

shear very well

Dodonoea viscosa maint. 6-15 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; drought Varnish leaf 6-12 feet only tolerant

feet

Erythrina herbacea 5-15 4-8 Red Full sun Moderate Well-drained soils; attracts hummingbirds; beans split to reveal Coral bean feet feet summerpartial shade bright scarlet seeds; deciduous; seeds are very poisonous; larval &

nectar plant for butterflies; cold & drought tolerant; thorns

Forestiera segregata 10-15 5-10 Incon. Partial shade High Tolerates wide range of pH; high drought tolerance; berries on

Florida privet feet feet female plants only; attracts birds; tolerates poor soils; cold tolerant; prefers moist, alkaline soils; semi-evergreen

Hamelia patens 8-10 4-6 Red,orange Full sun Low Attracts butterflies & hummingbirds; well-drained soils; dry soils;Firebush feet feet year round to shade wet soils; tolerates wide range of pH; drought tolerant; evergreen

Hibiscus coccineus 6-8 2-3 Red Full sun Low Dies back to the ground in winter; prefers acidic, moist soils; Red Hibiscus feet feet spring to shade tolerates wet soils; attracts hummingbirds

Ilex vomitoria maint. 15-20 Incon. Full sun High Evergreen; tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; tolerates Yaupon holly 2-4 feet to shade extended flooding; drought tolerant; attracts birds & mammals;

4-6 shears well6-12feet

Illicium floridanum 15-25 10-15 Red Full sun None Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; fast Florida anise feet feet spring partial shade grower; prefers moist soils; root suckers may occur; requires

occasional pruning to maintain a compact growth habit

SHRUBS (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 11Common Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsLycium carolinianum 6-8 2-3 Purple Full sun High Fragrant flowers; attractive red berries; poisonous berries; prefersChristmas berryfeet feet year round partial shade alkaline soils; dry soils; can be sheared; cold & drought tolerant;

deciduous

Lyonia lucida 10-12 2-3 Pink Full sun Low Evergreen; prefers moist, acidic soils; well-drained soils; dry soils;Shiny lyonia feet feet spring to shade shears well; drought & cold tolerant; new foliage is a coppery color

Myrica cerifera can be maint. Incon. Full sun High Can tolerate extended flooding; attracts birds & mammals; onlyWax myrtle from 4 to 12 feet to shade female plants produce berries; evergreen; cold & drought tolerant;

host plant - red banded hairstreak butterfly; M.c. var. pumila (dwarf wax myrtle) grows 2-4 feet height and spread 4-6

feet

Myrsine floridana 4-6 3-4 White Partial shade Moderate Prefers moist, alkaline soils; drought tolerant; evergreen; onlyMyrsine feet feet fall, winter female plants have attractive white flowers

Opuntia spp. 1-10 1-10 Yellow Full sun High Tolerates wide range of pH; high tolerance to drought; Prickly pear cactus feet feet summeronly showy purple fruit; VERY thorny

Psychotria nervosa 4-6 3-4 White Partial shade Low Evergreen; drought tolerant; prefers shadeWild coffee feet feet spring,summer to shade

Rhododendron 6-10 6-10 Yellow,orange Partial shade None Prefers acid soil; well-drained soils; slightly fragrant flowers: prune austrinum feet feet spring soon after flowering; deciduous; nectar plant for butterflies; give

Florida flame azalea regular watering; mulch; fertilize one time a year in late winter

Rhododendron 6-10 6-10 Pink, white Partial shade None Prefers acid soil; well-drained soils; slightly fragrant flowers; prunecanescens feet feet spring soon after flowering; deciduous; fertilize one time per year in late

Piedmont azalea winter; nectar plant for butterflies

Rhus copallina 6-10 3-6 Yellowish Full sun Low Tolerates acid soil; well-drained soils; dry soils; foliage is Winged sumac feet feet late spring partial shade orange,red in the fall; attracts birds & deer; deciduous; cold &

drought tolerant; host plant - red banded hairstreak butterfly

Scaevola plumieri 2-3 3-4 White Full sun High Great beach-side plant; dry soils; well-drained soils; prefers Inkberry feet feet year round only alkaline soils

Sophora tomentosa 5-6 3-4 Yellow Full sun High Attracts birds, hummingbirds & butterflies; well-drained soils; dry Necklace pod feet feet spring,summer soils

SHRUBS (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 12Common Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsVaccinium darrowi 3-5 2-4 White to pink Full sun None Evergreen; prefers acidic soils; attracts birds & mammals; edibleDarrow blueberry feet feet spring partial shade fruit; dry soils; well-drained soils; prefers moist, acidic soils

(pH<5.5)

Viburnum obovatum 8-25 6-10 White Full sun Moderate Tolerates wide range of pH; attracts birds & mammals; well-Walter’s viburnum feet feet spring to shade drained soils; high drought tolerance; can maintain 4-6 or 6-12 feet

evergreen; cold tolerant; prefers moist to wet soils; replacement for Ligustrum; shears well; host & nectar plant for butterflies

Zamia floridana 2-4 3-6 Incon. Full sun High Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils;Coontie feet feet to shade slow grower; tolerates neglect

HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS

Scientific Name Flower color Light Salt SprayCommon Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsAsclepias tuberosa 2-4 1-3 Orange,red, Full sun Tolerates acidic soils; dry soils; well-drained soils; cut flower; host plant forScarlet milkweed feet feet yellow/summer partial shade Queen & Monarch butterflies; nectar plant - butterflies

Aster concolor 2-3 1-3 Purple Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; prefers dry soils; well-drained soilsSilvery aster feet feet summer-winter

Canna flaccida 3-4 4-6 Yellow Full sun Low Prefers moist to wet soilsGolden canna feet feet year round

Chrysopsis scabrella 1-2 0-1 Yellow Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; prefers dry soils; plant is sticky and odiferousGolden aster feet foot summer,fall flowers held up on 3 foot stems

Echinacea purpurea 3-4 2-3 Purple Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; moist soils; cut flower; dry flower; will need Purple coneflower feet feet summer dividing

Flaveria liniaris 2-3 1- 2 Yellow Full sun Moderate Nectar plant - butterflies; prefers wet areas; peak flowering is in the fallYellow top feet feet year round partial shade plant is often bushy

Hypericum hypericoides 3-4 1-2 Yellow Full sun Moderate Cold tolerant; tolerates wide range of pH; prefers wet soils; tolerates dry St. Andrew’s Cross feet feet summer, fall to shade soils; shrub-like

Iris savannarum 1-3 3-4 Violet-blue Full sun Low Prefers moist or wet soils; also listed as I. hexagona or I. hexagona Blue flag iris feet feet spring savannarum; Hortus III is the source for this plants scientific name

PERENNIALS (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower color Light Salt Spray page 13Common Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentsLiatrus spicata 2-3 1-3 Purple Full sun - best Low Nectar plant - butterflies; cut flower; dry flower; tolerates acidic soils; well- Blazing star feet feet summer partial shade drained soils; dies to ground in the winter; fast grower; also L. tenuifolia

(narrow leaved) has moderate salt spray tolerance

Lobelia cardinalis 2-4 1-3 Red Full sun Low Attracts hummingbirds; nectar plant - butterflies; cut flower; wet soils; Cardinal flower feet feet summerpartial shade well-drained soils; fast grower

Monarda punctata 3-4 2-3 Muave Full sun Moderate Shearable; grows anywhere; nectar plant - butterfliesDotted mint feet feet summer, fall partial shade

Muhlenbergia capillaris 2-3 1-2 Purple Full sun High Prefers sandy, alkaline soils; cold tolerant; attractive plumesvar. filiformis feet feet fall

Muhly grass

Penstemon multiflorus 1-2 1-2 White Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; prefers dry soilsWhite beardtongue feet feet spring-fall partial shade

Rudbeckia hirta 2-4 1-3 Yellow,orange Full sun High Tolerates acid soils; well-drained soils; dry soils; nectar plant-butterflies;Black-eyed susan feet feet red only cut flower

summer-fall

Ruellia caroliniensis 2-3 1-2 Lavender Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; host plant for White peacock butterfly; moist Wild petunia feet feet spring-fall soils; dies back in winter(?)

Salvia coccinea 2-3 2-3 Red Full sun High Attracts hummingbirds; nectar plant - butterflies; dry soils; drought Tropical sage feet feet spring-fall tolerant; can be sheared; S.c. var. bicolor is a naturally occuring cross

Spartina bakeri 2-4 2-3 Not showy Full sun Moderate Prefers moist soils but can tolerate dry; well-drained soilsSand cordgrass feet feet only

Stachytarpheta 3-5 2-3 Blue/purple Full sun Moderate Nectar plant - butterflies; well-drained soils; native variety gets only jamaicensis feet feet year round around 2 feet tall

Blue porterweed

Tripsacum dactyloides 3-4 2-3 Not showy Full sun Moderate Prefers moist soils but tolerates dryEastern gama grass feet feet to shade

Uniola paniculata 1-3 3-4 Not showy Full sun High Important dune plant; dry soils; drought tolerantSea oats feet feet

GROUND COVERS

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 14Common Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentAchillea millefolium 1-2 1-3 White Full sun ? Well-drained soils; dry soils; nectar plant-butterflies; tolerates acid soils; Yarrow feet feet summeronly cut flower; dried flower; attracts beneficial insects

Carphephorus 0-1 0-1 Purple Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; prefers moist soils; leaves have a vanilla odorodoratissimus foot foot summer-winter partial shade especially when dried; flowers held on 3-4 foot stems

Vanilla plant

Carphephorus 0-1 0-1 Purple Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; well-drained soils; flowers held on a 3-4 foot stem

paniculatus foot foot fall, winter partial shadeDeer tongue

Helianthus debulis 1-2 2-4 Yellow Full sun High Well-drained soils; dry soils; prefers alkaline soils; susceptible to Dune sunflower feet feet year round partial shade root rots in wet soils

Ipomoea pes-caprae 4 VINE Pink Full sun High Well-drained soils; dry soils; vine can climb a trellisBeach morning glory inches summeronly

Iva embricota 1-2 3-4 Green Full sun High Fast grower; drought tolerant; dry soils

Beach elder feet feet spring,summer only

Lantana depressa 1-2 1-2 Yellow Full sun High Nectar plant - butterflies; endangered; endemic to Brevard County??Lantana feet feet year round

Licania michauxii 1-2 2-3 White Full sun High Evergreen; cold tolerant; drought tolerant; can interplant with mimosa;Gopher apple feet feet summer good erosion control; turf substitute; can be walked on; edible fruit

Mimosa strigillosa 1 4-8 Pink Full sun Moderate Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; wet soils; Sunshine mimosa inch feet spring-fall partial shade high drought tolerance; can be mowed & walked on; plant 2-5 feet

apart; substitute for turf; good erosion control; once established needs no additional water

Stokesia laevis 1-2 1-2 Lavender Full sun Low Nectar plant - butterflies; divide every 3 years; cut flowerStoke’s aster feet feet spring is best

Sisyrinchium atlanticum 8-10 8-12 Blue Full sun Moderate Well-drained; moist to wet soils; neutral soils; good early bloomerBlue-eyed grass feet feet winter

Sisyrinchium solstitiale 8-10 8-12 Blue Full sun Moderate Dry soils; great for xeriscaping; goodBlue-eyed grass feet feet winter

GROUND COVERS (cont.)

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt Spray page 15Common Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentVerbena maritima 1-2 3-4 Purple Full sun High Fast grower; drought tolerant; endangered; endimicVerbena foot feet spring-fall partial shade

Verbena tempensis 1-2 0-1 Purple Full sun Moderate Prefers moist soils; mulch in well-drained soils; prefers acidic soils;Verbena feet foot year round to shade nectar plant - butterflies

Zephyranthus spp. 0-1 0-1 Pink,white Full sun Moderate Well-drained soils; dry soils; wet soils; tolerates acidRain lily foot foot summer,fall partial shade

ORNAMENTAL CLIMBING VINES

Scientific Name Flower Color Light Salt SprayCommon Name Height Spread Season Conditions Tolerance CommentBignonia capreolata Vine Var. Yellow-red Partial shade None Attracts hummingbirds; well-drained soils; wet soils; tolerates acid soils;Cross vine Spring evergreen; has tendrils so it naturally climbs; native to woods & swamps

from Florida to Virginia

Gelsemium Vine Var. Yellow Full sun Low Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; wet soils; sempervirens winter,spring partial shade fragrant flowers; nectar plant-butterflies

Carolina yellow jessamine

Lonicera sempervirens 0-1 Var. Red,yellow Full sun High Tolerates wide range of pH; well-drained soils; dry soils; Coral honeysuckle foot spring,summer only attracts hummingbirds

Passiflora incarnata Vine Var. Purple, red Full sun None Fast grower; host plant for the gulf fritillary & longwind zebraPassion flower year round partial shade butterflies; well-drained soils; dry soils; can grow on trellis or fence

PALMS

Scientific Name Light Salt SprayCommon Name Height Spread Conditions Tolerance CommentsAcoelorrhaphe wrightii 15-25 10-15 Full sun Moderate Tolerates wide range of pH; slow grower; can tolerate periods of extended flooding;Paurotis palm feet feet partial shade zones 9B-11Rhapidophyllum hystrix 3-5 3-6 Partial shade Moderate Slow grower; needles could be dangerous for small children; prefers fertile, moistNeedle palm feet feet shade soils; single trunk or in clumps; well-drained soils; tolerates full sun; hardiest of

palms, withstanding temperatures to -6 degrees F., zones 7-11(?)

PALMS (cont.)

Scientific Name Light Salt Spray page 16Common Name Height Spread Conditions Tolerance CommentsSabal minor 3-6 6-10 Full sun High Does best in a moist site; native palm with a bluish color; difficult to transplant; Dwarf palmetto feet feet zones 7-11

Sabal palmetto 40-50 10-15 Full sun High Florida’s official state tree; transplants easily; tolerates wide range of pH; prefersCabbage palm feet feet partial shade well-drained soil

but tolerates extended flooding; high drought tolerance; zones 8B-11

Sereno repens 4-6 6-10 Full sun High Excellent small native palm; difficult to transplant; extremely adaptable to many Saw palmetto feet feet partial shade soil types; zones 9A-11

Thrinax radiata 15-20 8-10 Full sun High Slow growth rate; toloerates wide range of pH but particularly adapted to alkaline Florida thatch palm feet feet partial shade soils; high drought tolerance; zones 10B-11

Prepared by:

University of Florida/Brevard County Extension Service3695 Lake Drive OR 4090 Minton RoadCocoa, FL 32926 Melbourne, FL 32904

(407) 633-1702 (407) 952-4536 Revised 5/98

NATIVE PLANTS FOR BREVARD COUNTY Pg. 1

NATIVE TREES

Common Name Scientific NameAmerican holly Ilex opacaAmerican hornbeam Carpinus carolinianaBald cypress Taxodium distichumBlack tupelo Nyssa sylvaticaButtonwood Conocarpus erectusChickasaw plum Prunus angustifoliaDahoon holly Ilex cassineFlorida elm Ulmus americana var. floridanaFlorida privet Forestiera segregataFringe tree Chionanthus virginicusGeiger tree Cordia sebestenaHackberry Celtis laevigataHercule’s club Zanthorxlum clava-HerculisLaurel oak Quercus laurifoliaLive oak Quercus virginianaLoblolly bay Gordonia lasianthusLongleaf pine Pinus palustrisMarlberry Ardisia escallonioidesMay haw Crataegus aestivalisMyrtle oak Quercus myrtifoliaPersimmon Diospyros virginianaPignut hickory Carya glabraPop ash Fraxinus carolinianaRed buckeye Aesculus paviaRed maple Acer rubrumRed mulberry Morus rubraRed bay Persea borboniaRusty lyonia Lyonia ferrugineaSand pine Pinus clausaScrub hickory Carya floridanaSeagrape Coccoloba uviferaSimpson’s stopper Myrcianthes fragransSlash pine Pinus elliottii var. densaSouthern magnolia Magnolia grandifloraSouthern redcedar Juniperus silicicolaSparkleberry Vaccinium arboreumSpruce pine Pinus glabraSweet Acacia Acacia farnesianaSweet bay Magnolia virginianaSweet gum Liquidambar styracifluaTough bumelia Bumelia tenaxTurkey oak Quercus laevisVarnish leaf Dodonoea viscosa

NATIVE TREES (cont.) Pg. 2

Common name Scientific nameWater oak Quercus nigraWax myrtle Myrica ceriferaWild olive Osmanthus americanaWinged elm Ulmus alataYaupon holly Ilex vomitoria

NATIVE SHRUBS

Common Name Scientific NameBeautyberry Callicarpa americanaButtonwood Conocarpus erectusChristmas berry Lycium carolinianumClimbing aster Aster carolinianusCoontie Zamia floridanaCoral bean Erythrina herbaceaDarrow blueberry Vaccinium darrowiFiddlewood Citharexylum fruitcosumFirebush Hamelia patensFlorida anise Illicium floridanumFlorida flame azalea Rhododendron austrinumFlorida privet Forestiera segregataInkberry Scaevola plumieriLeather fern Acrostichum danaeifoliumMyrsine Myrsine floridanaNecklace pod Sophora tomentosaPiedmont azalea Rhododendron canescensPipestem Agarista populifoliaPrickly pear cactus Opuntia spp.Red hibiscus Hibiscus coccineusSalt bush Baccharis halimifoliaShiny lyonia Lyonia lucidaSnowberry Chiococca albaSweetshrub Calycanthus floridusTiti Cyrilla racemifloraTough bumelia Bumelia tenaxVanish leaf Dodonoea viscosaWalter’s viburnum Viburnum obovatumWax myrtle Myrica ceriferaWild coffee Psychotria nervosaWinged sumac Rhus copallinaYaupon holly Ilex vomitoria

NATIVE HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS

Common Name Scientific NameBlack-eyed susan Rudbeckia hirtaBlazing star Liatrus spicataBlue flag iris Iris savannarumBlue porterweed Stachytarpheta jamaicensisCardinal flower Lobelia cardinalisDotted mint Monarda punctataEastern gama grass Tripsacum dactyloidesGolden aster Chrysopis scabrellaGolden canna Canna flaccida

NATIVE HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS (cont.) Pg. 3

Common Name Scientific NameMuhly grass Muhlenbergia capillaris var. filiformisPurple coneflower Echinacea purpureaScarlett milkweed Asclepias tuberosaSilvery aster Aster concolorSt. Andrew’s Cross Hypericum hypericoidesWhite Beardtongue Penstemon multiflorusYellow top Flaveria liniarisSand cordgrass Spartina bakeriSea oats Uniola paniculataTropical sage Salvia coccineaWild petunia Ruellia caroliniensis

NATIVE GROUND COVERS

Common Name Scientific NameBeach elder Iva embricotaBeach morning glory Ipomoea pes-capraeBlue-eyed grass Sisyrinchium atlanticumBlue-eyed grass Sisyrinchium solstitialeDeer tongue Carphephorus paniculatusDune sunflower Helianthus debulisGopher apple Licania michauxiiLantana Lantana depressaRainlily Zephranthus spp.Stroke’s aster Stokesia laevisSunshine mimosa Mimosa strigillosaVanilla plant Carphephorus odoratissimusVerbena Verbena maritimaVerbena Verbena tempensisYarrow Achillea millefolium

NATIVE ORNAMENTAL CLIMBING VINES

Common Name Scientific NameCarolina yellow jasmine Gelsemium sempervirensCoral honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirensCross Vine Bignonia capreolataPassion flower Passiflora incarnata

NATIVE PALMS

Common Name Scientific NameCabbage palm Sabal palmettoDwarf palmetto Sabal minorFlorida thatch palm Thrinax radiataNeedle palm Rhapidophyllum hystrixPaurotis palm Acoelorrhaphe wrightiiSaw palmetto Sereno repens