natural environments of europe

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

World World Geography Geography TodayToday

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Natural Environments of EuropeNatural Environments of EuropeSection 1:Section 1: Physical Features Physical FeaturesSection 2:Section 2: Climates and Biomes Climates and BiomesSection 3:Section 3: Natural Resources Natural Resources

CHAPTER 13CHAPTER 13



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Objectives:Objectives: What are Europe’s major landform regions?What are Europe’s major landform regions? What are the region’s main rivers and bodies of What are the region’s main rivers and bodies of

water?water?

Section 1 Section 1 Physical FeaturesPhysical Features



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Landform regions of Europe:Landform regions of Europe: Northwest HighlandsNorthwest Highlands Northern European PlainNorthern European Plain Central UplandsCentral Uplands Alpine mountain systemAlpine mountain system




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Main rivers and bodies of water:Main rivers and bodies of water:Oceans and seasOceans and seas Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea Arctic OceanArctic Ocean North SeaNorth Sea Baltic SeaBaltic Sea North Atlantic OceanNorth Atlantic Ocean

RiversRivers RhineRhine DanubeDanube




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Objectives:Objectives: How do ocean currents affect the distribution of How do ocean currents affect the distribution of

Europe’s climates?Europe’s climates? Which biomes are found in this region?Which biomes are found in this region?

Section 2Section 2 Climates and BiomesClimates and Biomes



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Ocean currents and climate:Ocean currents and climate: The North Atlantic Drift, a warm ocean current, The North Atlantic Drift, a warm ocean current,

creates a warm, moist air mass that is blown by creates a warm, moist air mass that is blown by westerly winds across Europe, bringing mild westerly winds across Europe, bringing mild temperatures and rain. temperatures and rain.

Without the effects of this current, Europe would Without the effects of this current, Europe would have a colder climate. have a colder climate.




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Biomes:Biomes: temperate forest—ash, beech, maple, oak; badgers, temperate forest—ash, beech, maple, oak; badgers,

deer, birdsdeer, birds Mediterranean scrub forest—small trees and shrubs; Mediterranean scrub forest—small trees and shrubs;

wild boars, wild sheepwild boars, wild sheep boreal forest—evergreen treesboreal forest—evergreen trees tundra—swamps and marshes; migratory birds, tundra—swamps and marshes; migratory birds,

reindeer, foxesreindeer, foxes




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Objectives:Objectives: Where are Europe’s forest, soil, and fishery resources Where are Europe’s forest, soil, and fishery resources

located?located? What energy and mineral resources are found in this What energy and mineral resources are found in this

region, and where are they located?region, and where are they located?

Section 3Section 3 Natural ResourcesNatural Resources



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Location of forest, soil, and fishery resources:Location of forest, soil, and fishery resources: ForestsForests

Timber-producing forests are found in Sweden and Finland.Timber-producing forests are found in Sweden and Finland. Many forests are depleted, but reforestation and protection programs Many forests are depleted, but reforestation and protection programs

exist.exist. SoilsSoils

Northern European Plain has excellent soil.Northern European Plain has excellent soil. Southern Europe has good alluvial soils (examples: Italy’s Po Valley, Southern Europe has good alluvial soils (examples: Italy’s Po Valley,

Spain’s Quadalquivir River valley)Spain’s Quadalquivir River valley) FisheriesFisheries

Fishing occurs along all coasts.Fishing occurs along all coasts. Best fisheries are in North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, and in North Sea. Best fisheries are in North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, and in North Sea.




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Location of minerals:Location of minerals: coal—Germany (Ruhr field), Britain, Poland coal—Germany (Ruhr field), Britain, Poland iron ore—Sweden, Franceiron ore—Sweden, France uranium—Franceuranium—France lead, zinc, other metals—Spain, southern Europelead, zinc, other metals—Spain, southern Europe marble—Italy, southern Europemarble—Italy, southern Europe




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Location of energy:Location of energy: oil and gas—North Sea (Norway, Britain, oil and gas—North Sea (Norway, Britain,

Netherlands)Netherlands) hydroelectricity—Norway, Sweden, Switzerlandhydroelectricity—Norway, Sweden, Switzerland geothermal—Icelandgeothermal—Iceland nuclear power—France, Belgium, Bulgaria, Swedennuclear power—France, Belgium, Bulgaria, Sweden


natural environments of europe

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