natural gas piping system - kansas
TRANSCRIPT
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Natural Gas Piping System
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Types of Stations
Town Boarded Station – TBS
Normally Transmission pipeline pressure take
point or delivery.
• 500 – 1000 psi inlet to regulators
• 100 – 200 psi outlet pressures for distribution
system feeder.
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Types of Stations
District Regulator Station – DRS
Distribution feeder pressure 100 – 200 psig
inlet
Reduces feeder pressure to distribution - 15
to 60 psig MAOP
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Regulator Station Failures
Besides the obvious –Mechanical
Disconnect
Physical damage of setting
• Car Accident
• Storm damage
• Vandalism
• These types of failures will almost always cause a
station to fail wide open.
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Regulator Station Failures
What are the Cause’s of station upset
Most Common
Internal Pipeline Contamination
• Excess Moisture – internal freezing caused by high
pressure reduction and the Joules Thompson
effect.
• Iron Oxide (Rust) – erosion of internal components
• Excess sulfur content – caking on stainless
components
• Hydrates – oils and other liquids
• Debris – trash, taps shavings, rocks, cans, dirt,
Ect.
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Maintenance
Iron oxide, sand, dirt and weld slag can cause visual
erosion of the flexible element and/or seat.
Distillates, CO2, and aromatic oils can cause loss of
elasticity, hardening, blistering and/or swelling of rubber
parts such as seals and the flexible element.
Hydrates and freezing can cause plugging of the
restrictor and/or pilot orifice resulting in a fail open or
closed situation.
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Regulator Types
Self Operated
Sensus/Rockwell 441/461 57S
Pilot Operated
GE – Mooney – Flowgrid and Flowmax, RedQ
(grove) - Flexflow,
American – Axial flow
Fisher – 399, EZR, 1098EGR, 310A
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The FlowMax Regulator with Series 20
Pilot
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The FlowMax Regulator
Loading Type Pilot System
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Pilot Unloading Type
Principle of Operation
Pilot operated (Variable Orifice)
Unloading Type System
Pilot and Restrictor work together to form
a Pneumatic Amplifier
FIXED
ORIFICE (FO)
VARIABLE
ORIFICE (VO)
REGULATOR
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Pressure Reducing Schematic -
Closed
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Pressure Reducing
Schematic - Partial Open
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Monitor – Mixed Components
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Filter Element
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