natural reproductive success of first-generation hatchery steelhead spawning in the kalama river
DESCRIPTION
Natural Reproductive Success of First-generation Hatchery Steelhead Spawning in the Kalama River. CAMERON SHARPE PAT HULETT CHRIS WAGEMANN MAUREEN SMALL WDFW KALAMA RESEARCH TEAM & CONSERVATION BIOLOGY UNIT. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. KALAMA HATCHERY STAFF NOAA/MITCHELL ACT - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Natural Reproductive Success Natural Reproductive Success of First-generation Hatchery of First-generation Hatchery
Steelhead Spawning in the Kalama Steelhead Spawning in the Kalama River River
CAMERON SHARPECAMERON SHARPE
PAT HULETTPAT HULETT
CHRIS WAGEMANNCHRIS WAGEMANN
MAUREEN SMALLMAUREEN SMALL
WDFWWDFWKALAMA RESEARCH TEAM & KALAMA RESEARCH TEAM &
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY UNITCONSERVATION BIOLOGY UNIT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
KALAMA HATCHERY STAFFKALAMA HATCHERY STAFF
NOAA/MITCHELL ACTNOAA/MITCHELL ACT
ANNE MARSHALL, HOWARD ANNE MARSHALL, HOWARD FUSS, TODD PEARSONS, BILL FUSS, TODD PEARSONS, BILL HOPLEY, STEVE LEIDERHOPLEY, STEVE LEIDER
KALAMA WILD BROODSTOCK KALAMA WILD BROODSTOCK PROGRAMPROGRAM
CURTAIN CURTAIN OF OF
DENIALDENIAL
THE BROODSTOCKTHE BROODSTOCK
SELECTED TO REPRESENT SELECTED TO REPRESENT PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF THE PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF THE WILD STOCKWILD STOCKRUN TIMING (RUN TIMING (NOTNOT SPAWN TIMING) SPAWN TIMING)ADULT SIZE (ADULT SIZE (NOTNOT AGE STRUCTURE) AGE STRUCTURE)
Probably an adequate proxyProbably an adequate proxy
98 WILDBROODSTOCK
98 WILDUPSTREAM
99 WILDBROODSTOCK
99 WILDUPSTREAM
00 WILDBROODSTOCK
00 WILDUPSTREAM
For
k Le
ngth
(m
m)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Cap
ture
Dat
e
0
100
200
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400
500
98 WILDBROODSTOCK
98 WILDUPSTREAM
99 WILDBROODSTOCK
99 WILDUPSTREAM
00 WILDBROODSTOCK
00 WILDUPSTREAM
98 WILDBROODSTOCK
98 WILDUPSTREAM
99 WILDBROODSTOCK
99 WILDUPSTREAM
00 WILDBROODSTOCK
00 WILDUPSTREAM
For
k Le
ngth
(m
m)
0
200
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800
1000
1200
Cap
ture
Dat
e
0
100
200
300
400
500
98 WILDBROODSTOCK
98 WILDUPSTREAM
99 WILDBROODSTOCK
99 WILDUPSTREAM
00 WILDBROODSTOCK
00 WILDUPSTREAM
‘‘9898 ‘‘0000‘‘9999‘‘9898 ‘‘0000‘‘9999
THE RETURNING ADULTSTHE RETURNING ADULTS
WILD- & HATCHERY-ORIGIN WILD- & HATCHERY-ORIGIN PASSED UPSTREAMPASSED UPSTREAM
HATCHERY FISH SELECTED TO HATCHERY FISH SELECTED TO MATCH THAT YEAR’S MATCH THAT YEAR’S RETURNING WILD FISHRETURNING WILD FISHABUNDANCE/TIME – 50:50 H:WABUNDANCE/TIME – 50:50 H:WSEX RATIO – MATCHED H:WSEX RATIO – MATCHED H:WNON-SELECTIVE FOR SIZE NON-SELECTIVE FOR SIZE
‘‘0202 ‘‘0404‘‘0303‘‘0202 ‘‘0404‘‘0303
0
200
400
600
800
1000
For
k Le
ngth
(m
m)
2002H
2002W
2003H
2003W
2004H
2004W
Cap
ture
Dat
e
2002H
2002W
2003H
2003W
2004H
2004W
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
200
400
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For
k Le
ngth
(m
m)
2002H
2002W
2003H
2003W
2004H
2004W
Cap
ture
Dat
e
2002H
2002W
2003H
2003W
2004H
2004W
0
100
200
300
400
500
IDEALLY:IDEALLY:
HH11 HH22
HH33HH44
WW11 WW22
WW33WW44
XX
HH11WW33
HH11HH44
WW22WW33
SPAWNERSSPAWNERS OFFSPRINGOFFSPRING
CategoryCategoryBrood YearBrood Year
20032003 20042004 20052005
WB hatchery total WB hatchery total to KFH to KFH 2,6152,615 700700 905905
WB hatchery WB hatchery upstreamupstream 878878 464464 391391
Wild upstreamWild upstream 921921 530530 427427
Wild total to KFHWild total to KFH 991991 588588 481481
REALITY:REALITY:
HH11 HH22HH33
HH44
WW11 WW22
WW33WW44
XX HH11WW33
UU22 HH44
WW22WW33
SPAWNERSSPAWNERS OFFSPRINGOFFSPRING
XXUU11 UU22
UU33UU44
UU33 WW33
UU11WW33
HH1 1 UU44
POTENTIAL SPAWNERSPOTENTIAL SPAWNERS
WILD ANADROMOUSWILD ANADROMOUSF1 HATCHERY ANADROMOUSF1 HATCHERY ANADROMOUSRESIDUAL HATCHERYRESIDUAL HATCHERYRESIDENT TROUTRESIDENT TROUT
ALL ONLY PARTIALLY SCREENEDALL ONLY PARTIALLY SCREENED
BROOD YEARBROOD YEAR % ANADROMOUS % ANADROMOUS SPAWNERS SCREENEDSPAWNERS SCREENED
20032003 94%94%
20042004 59%59%
20052005 69%69%
SMOLTSMOLT
LG RESIDUALLG RESIDUAL
SM RESIDUALSM RESIDUAL
MIGRANTS & RESIDUALSMIGRANTS & RESIDUALS ( (BY ’00BY ’00 & & BY ’99BY ’99))
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
FORK LENGTH (mm)FORK LENGTH (mm)
FR
EQ
UE
NC
YF
RE
QU
EN
CY
0
4
8
12
16
20
120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330
MIGRANTSMIGRANTS
RESIDUALSRESIDUALS
SEX RATIOS OF RESIDUAL SR STEELHEAD CAPTURED IN 2005
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
2002 2003 2004
BROOD OF ORIGIN
PR
OP
OR
TIO
N
% M % F
RESIDUALSRESIDUALS
NUMEROUSNUMEROUSWELL-DISTRIBUTEDWELL-DISTRIBUTEDPERSISTANTPERSISTANTMOSTLY MALEMOSTLY MALEMOSTLY MATURE OR MOSTLY MATURE OR
MATURINGMATURING
Brood of Brood of OriginOrigin NN
Mean FL Mean FL (mm)(mm)
% Mature or % Mature or Maturing MalesMaturing Males
19991999 11 390390 100%100%
20012001 11 442442 100%100%
20022002 44 358358 33%33%
20032003 88 302302 43%43%
20042004 8585 187187 48%48%
2005 RESIDUALS SAMPLED2005 RESIDUALS SAMPLED
RESIDENTRESIDENT
A FISH THAT DOESN’T A FISH THAT DOESN’T ADOPT ANADROMY. ADOPT ANADROMY. EVER.EVER.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
FORK LENGTH (mm)
PE
RC
EN
T IN
SA
MP
LE
WILD SMOLTS RESIDENT TROUT
N = 13,960
N = 143
Sample Year
NMean Size (FL, mm)
SE
1998 36 321.4 7.51999 16 341.7 8.52000 16 338.4 11.42001 6 314.8 15.92002 12 360.8 15.52003 54 365.2 5.92004 4 357.0 15.62005 10 357.1 18.7
TOTAL 154
RESIDENT TROUTRESIDENT TROUT
THE PARENT POOLTHE PARENT POOL
SCREENED HATCHERYSCREENED HATCHERYSCREENED WILDSCREENED WILDRESIDENTSRESIDENTSRESIDUALSRESIDUALS
Offspring Returns by Fresh Water/Salt Water Age (n.n) & Offspring Returns by Fresh Water/Salt Water Age (n.n) & Calendar YearCalendar Year
20052005 20062006 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010 20112011
2003 2003 SpawnersSpawners
1.11.1 2.12.1 3.13.1 1-salt1-salt
1.21.2 2.22.2 3.23.2 2-2-saltssalts
1.31.3 2.32.3 3.33.3 3-3-
saltssalts
2004 2004 SpawnersSpawners
1.11.1 2.12.1 3.13.1 1-salt1-salt
1.21.2 2.22.2 3.23.2 2-2-saltssalts
1.31.3 2.32.3 3.33.3 3-3-
saltssalts
2005 2005 SpawnersSpawners
1.11.1 2.12.1 3.13.1 1-salt1-salt
1.21.2 2.22.2 3.23.2 2-2-saltssalts
1.31.3 2.32.3 3.33.3 3-3-saltssalts
Importance Importance of return of return
yearyear0.0050.005 0.0890.089 0.2830.283 0.3260.326 0.2440.244 0.050.05 0.0020.002
85.30%85.30%
Experimental Experimental Genotyped Genotyped
ParentsParents
Returning Anadromous Returning Anadromous Offspring by Parental Offspring by Parental
CrossCrossG-test StatisticsG-test Statistics
HH WW HHHH HWHW WWWW GG dfdf PP
2003 2003 BroodBrood 873873 897897
Obs.Obs. 2424 3434 30304.864.86 22 0.090.09
Exp.Exp. 2121 4444 2323
2004 2004 BroodBrood 496496 531531
Obs.Obs. 1919 4141 26260.520.52 22 0.770.77
Exp.Exp. 2020 4343 2323
PRELIMINARY: 1PRELIMINARY: 1STST TWO REPS TWO REPS
Experimental Experimental Genotyped Genotyped
ParentsParents
Returning 2007 Returning 2007 Anadromous Anadromous
Offspring by Parental Offspring by Parental Type (Single-parent Type (Single-parent
Offspring only)Offspring only)
HH WW HH WW GG dfdf PP
2003 2003 BroodBrood 873873 897897
Obs.Obs. 2323 43436.116.11 11 0.010.01
Exp.Exp. 3333 3333
AN ODDITYAN ODDITY
WILD RESIDENT TROUT WILD RESIDENT TROUT
Offspring from Residents: 19 Offspring from Residents: 19 from 15 (single) parentsfrom 15 (single) parents
Anadromous Offspring / Resident Parent
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 2 3
# Offspring Detected
# R
es
ide
nt
Tro
ut
Pa
ren
ts
RESIDUAL HATCHERY FISH RESIDUAL HATCHERY FISH
Offspring from Residual Hatchery Offspring from Residual Hatchery Steelhead:Steelhead:Zero, Zip, BupkisZero, Zip, Bupkis