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September 2012 AIC‐CR‐UGS1‐21

ANCHOR INSTITUTE FOR ENGINEERING & AUTO

REPORTCourse Curriculum Development & Restructuring

Bachelor of Engineering

Promoted by

Industries Commissionerate, Government of Gujarat

Proposed By: Anchor Institute Cell (Engineering & Auto) Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Ichchhanath, Surat 395 007 , Gujarat, India

Course Curriculum Restructuring & Development of Automobile Maintenance & Pollution Control (ME SEM II I.C. Engine & Automobile)

September 2012

1Anchor Institute for Engineering & Auto, SVNIT‐Surat

Course Curriculum Development & Restructuring

Contents

1.0 Anchor Institute for Engineering & Auto 5

2.0 Need of Course curriculum Restructuring & Development 4

3.0 Course Curriculum after restructuring 5

3.1 Workshop 7

3.2 Fluid Mechanics 8

3.3 Machine Design & Industrial Drafting 11

3.4 Manufacturing Process ‐ 1 14

3.5 Engineering Thermodynamics 16

3.6 Mechanical Measurement & Metrology 19

3.7 Non‐Conventional Energy Sources 22

3.8 Manufacturing Process‐II 24

3.9 Theory of Machines 26

3.10 Fluid Power Engineering 28

3.11 Computer Aided Design 31

3.12 Automobile Engineering 34

3.13 Computer Integrated Manufacturing 38

3.14 Energy Conservation and Management 41

3.15 Product Design and Value Engineering 43

3.16 Quality and Reliability Engineering 45

3.17 Refrigeration and Air‐conditioning 47

3.18 Steam & Gas turbines 50

3.19 Gas Dynamics 52

3.20 Industrial Safety & Maintenance Engineering 54

3.21 Internal Combustion Engines 56

3.22 Automobile Body Engineering 59

Course Curriculum Restructuring & Development ofAutomobile Maintenance & Pollution Control (ME SEM II I.C. Engine & Automobile)

September 2012

Anchor Institute for Engineering & Auto, SVNIT‐Surat


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Course Curriculum Restructuring & Development of Automobile Maintenance & Pollution Control (ME SEM II I.C. Engine & Automobile)

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Course Curriculum Restructuring & Development ofAutomobile Maintenance & Pollution Control (ME SEM II I.C .Engine & Automobile)

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1.0 ANCHOR INSTITUTE FOR ENGINEERING & AUTO Anchor Institute (Engineering & Auto), SVNIT‐Surat is supported by Industries Commissionerate, Department of Industries and Mines, Gujarat Government, Gandhinagar

The wide industrial base in Gujarat state is expected to increase significantly in near future due to the large new investments coming in as envisaged during Vibrant Gujarat Summits. One of the issues arising due to this will be regarding availability of necessary technical manpower as realized by the Industrial Commissionerate, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, in spite of sufficient technical manpower coming out of the academic institutions. This is due to the fact that large fraction of the fresh graduates coming out from ITI, Polytechnics and Degree colleges are unemployable. The need for better quality and skilled technical manpower is increasing and will continue to increase in time to come.

The Industrial Commissionerate, Gandhinagar, has decided to tackle this issue through the training and skill development programmes for technical manpower to be conducted on massive scale by academic institutes which will be provided substantial part of necessary financial support for this purpose. These programmes are to be industry responsive which should provide readily employable manpower.

It is our pleasure to mention here that our institute is selected as a State Level Anchor Institute in the Engineering & Auto sector for this purpose. The selection was based on presentation made on November 7, 2007 by the invited institutes at Udyog Bhavan, Gandhinagar. The basic motive for Anchor Institute is to take various initiatives in creating readily employable and industry responsive Man Power, at all level, across the state. This includes preparing Course curriculum and benchmarking and Training for the Trainers/Faculties. The input from industries in terms of training area needs, trained technical manpower requirements, any other suggestions and providing guest faculties as per the availability when needed for this purpose will be of immense help to make this noble effort a grand success.

Accordingly Industrial Policy, 2009 of Government has laid emphasis on the expansion of a skilled and educated manpower base. Addressing the specific objective of providing need‐based, industry responsive managerially and technically competent manpower at various levels along with the need of benchmarking the courses, Government has issued GR no. CED‐112007/2081(1)/I dated 27.2.2009 on Scheme to establish and operationalize Anchor institutes in various sectors.


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2.0 NEED FOR COURSE RESTRUCTURING & DEVELOPMENT There are global challenges before the engineering & Auto industries.

Gujarat’s excellent trade and transportation networks create better market access and trade flows for companies.

Highly industrialized state, with more than 38 % of GDP contributed by secondary sector

12 Special Investment Regions of more than 100 sq km each being planned. 40 % of the planned Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor route is through Gujarat. 9,607 Industrial Entrepreneurs Memoranda (IEM) filed till June 2010 with an

estimated investment of Rs 7,702 billion and employment potential of 1,941,374 Engineering products where Gujarat’s share is greater than 10% in India include:

Sponge Iron, Electric Motors, Compressors, Steel Pipes, Ball and Roller Bearings, Construction Machinery, Casting Copper Rods, Textile Machinery, Transmission line Towers, TV Picture Tubes, Submersible Pumps, Environment Control Equipment, Gears

Ahmedabad, Anand, Rajkot, Vadodara, Surendranagar, Jamnagar, Mehsana, Panchmahal and Kutch have emerged as important locations of Engineering Industries.

Hence to archive all these goals, there is an urgent need of up‐gradation of syllabus in relevance with the globalization and modernization. This will not only benefit the academics but also enhance the quality of workmanship as desired by the developers who employee these graduates.


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3.0 COURSE CURRICULUM AFTER RESTRUCTURING

3.1 WORKSHOP

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical 1st year

3.1.1 SYLLABUS

SN Course Contents Hrs.

1 Objectives:

Exposure to Industrial environment, work culture, hand tools and general purpose machine, developing Creativity, Craft man skill, approach to work and Planning capability

12

2 Demonstration:

Of hand tools, Power tools, Fabrication Processes, Materials, Marking Methods and Measurement Devices in following shops: Carpentry, Pattern making , Foundry, Fitting, Smithy, Welding, Tin smithy, Plumbing and Introduction to Simple Machine Tools

14

3 Making Jobs:

In fitting, Carpentry, Smithy, Tin smithy and Welding shops, one each.

9

4 Journal is to be prepared:

Covering the topics of demonstration and report about process /Tools/Methodology / Inspection devices used for making the jobs.

10

TOTAL 45

3.1.2 REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Choudhary, Hajara, “Elements of Workshop Technology”, Media Promotors &

Publishers, 1997. 2. Raghuvanshi B.S., “Workshop Technology” Vol. I & II, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, 1998. 3. Chapman W.A. J. and Arnold E. “Workshop Technology”, Viva low priced Student

edition, 1998. 4. Bava H.S., “Workshop Technology”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., 1995. 5. Chaudhary S.K. Hajra, “Elements of Workshop Technology Vol. I”, Asia

Publishing House, 1988. 6. Gupta K.N. & Kaushish J.P., “Workshop Technology Vol. I, II”, New Delhi Heights

Pub., New Delhi, 1991. 7. Tejwani V.K., “Basic Machine Shop Practice Vol. I, II”, Tata McGraw Hill Pub. Co.,

New Delhi, 1989. 8. Arora B.D., “Workshop Technology Vol. I, II”, Satya Prakashan, New Delhi, 1981.

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3.2 FLUID MECHANICS

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical III Semester.

3.2.1 SYLLABUS

SN Course Contents Hr

1 Fluids and Their Properties:

Fluids, Shear stress in a moving fluid, Difference between solid and fluid, Newtonian and Non‐Newtonian Fluid, Liquids and Gases, Molecular structure of material, the continuum concept of a fluid, density, viscosity, factors influencing viscosity changes in gases & liquids, Surface tension, capillary, vapor pressure, cavitations, compressibility and the bulk modulus, Equation of states of a gas constant, Specific heats of a gas and Expansion of a gas.

04

2 Pressures and Head:

Static’s of a fluid system, pressure, Pascal’s law of pressure at a point, variation of pressure vertically in a fluid under gravity, equality of pressure at the same level in a static fluid, general equation for the variation of pressure due to gravity from a point to point in a static fluid, pressure and head, the hydrostatic paradox, pressure measurements by manometers and forced vortex.

06

3 Static Forces on Surface and Buoyancy:

Action of fluid pressure on surface, resultant force and center of pressure on a plane surface under uniform pressure, resultant force and center of pressure on a plane surface immersed in a liquid, pressure diagrams, forces on a curved surface due to hydrostatic pressure, buoyancy, equilibrium of floating bodies, stability of a submerged body, stability of floating bodies, determination of the met centric height, determination of the position of the met centre relative to the center of buoyancy and periodic time of oscillation.

05

4 Motion of Fluid Particles and Streams:

Fluid flow, different types of flow, frames of reference, real and ideal fluids, analyzing fluid flow, motion of a fluid particle, acceleration of a fluid particle, discharge and mean velocity, continuity of flow and continuity equations for 2‐D and 3‐D flow in Cartesian coordinates of system.

04

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5 The Energy Equation and its Application:

Momentum and fluid flow, Momentum equation for 2‐D and 3‐D flow along a stream line, momentum correction factor, Euler’s equation of motion along a stream line, Mechanical energy of a flowing fluid – Bernoulli’s theorem, kinetic energy correction factor, pilot tube, determination of volumetric flow rate via pilot tube, changes of pressure in tapering pipe, principle of venture meter, pipe orifices, Limitation on the velocity of flow in a pipeline, theory of small orifices discharging to atmosphere, theory of large orifices, Elementary theory of notches and weirs, flow in a curved path, and pressure gradient and change of total energy across the streamlines.

06

6 TwoDimensional Ideal Fluid Flow:

Rotational and irrotational flow, circulation and vorticity, streamlines and the stream functions, velocity potential and potential flow, relation between stream function and velocity potential; flow nets, stream function and velocity potential for uniform flow, and vortex flow.

04

7 Dimensional Analysis And Similarities:

Dimensional analysis, dimensions and units, dimension reasoning, dimensional quantities, Fundamental and derived units and dimensions, dimensions of derivative and integrals, use of dimensional reasoning to check calculations, units of derived quantities, conversion from one system of unit to another, conversion of dimensional constants, dimensional homogeneity, dimensional analysis using the indicial method‐ Rayleigh’s method, dimensional analysis using group method, Buckingham PI theorem, significance of dimensionless group, use of dimensionless groups in experimental investigation, geometric similarity, dynamic similarity, Kinematic similarity, Model testing‐Model laws and Undistorted and Distorted models.

06

8 Viscous Flow:

Reynolds number and Reynolds experiment, flow of viscous fluid through circular pipe‐HAGEN‐POISEVILLE LAW, Flow of viscous fluid between two parallel fixed plates, power absorbed in viscous flow through ‐ journal ,Foot step and Collar bearing , Movement of piston in dash pot and Methods of Measurement of viscosity.

05


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9 Turbulent Flow:

Characteristics of different types of flow, expression for coefficient of friction ‐ Darchy Weichback Equation, moody diagram resistance of smooth and rough pipes shear stress and velocity distribution in turbulent flow through pipes.

05

Total 45

3.2.2 PROPOSED LIST OF PRACTICALS: 1. Flow of an Incompressible Fluid through an Orifice meter and its calibration for

measurement of discharge. 2. Flow of an Incompressible Fluid through a Nozzle meter and its calibration it for

measurement of discharge. 3. Flow of an Incompressible Fluid through a Venturi Meter and its Calibration for

measurement of discharge. 4. Flow of an Incompressible Fluid through a Centrifugal Head Meter and its

Calibration for measurement of discharge. 5. Determination of meta‐centric height of a floating body. 6. Variation of friction factor with Reynolds number for Laminar flow through

circular pipe. 7. Variation of friction factor with Reynolds number for Turbulent flow through

circular pipe. 8. Determination of the velocity distribution in circular pipe. 9. Study of types of Pipes, Pipe symbols, Pipe Fittings and Valves.

3.2.3 TEXT BOOKS: 1. Kumar D. S., “Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering”, S. K. Kataria &

Sons, New Delhi, 2003. 2. Bansal R. K., “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines”, Laxmi Prakashan, New

Delhi, 2005. 3. Rajput R. K., “Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines” S. Chand & Co., New Delhi,

2008.

3.2.4 REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Subramanya K., “Theory and Applications of Fluid Mechanics”, TMH outline

series, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 1993. 2. White F.M., “Fluid Mechanics”, McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 2008. 3. Shames I.H., “Mechanics of Fluids”, McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 2003. 4. Streeter V.L., Wylie E. B., Fluid Mechanics, McGraw ‐Hill Book Co. Inc., Singapore,

2001. 5. Mohanty A.K., Fluid Mechanics, Prentice ‐Hall India Private Ltd., New Delhi,

1994. 6. Douglas J.F., Gasiorek J.M., Swaffield J.A., Fluid Mechanics, Pearson Education

(Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 4th Ed., 2001. 7. Som S.K., Biswas G., Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines, Tata

McGraw Hill Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2002.


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3.3 MACHINE DESIGN AND INDUSTRIAL DRAFTING


3.3.1 SYLLABUS

SN Course Contents Hr.

PART A : Machine Design 20

1 Introduction to Engineering Design:

Definition and understanding of various types of design, Design procedure, Selection of materials, Properties and I.S. coding of various materials, factors of safety, Stress Concentration and methods of relieving stresses, Types of stresses‐tensile, compressive, shear, bending, bearing, crushing, Eccentric axial stresses, principle stress and Residual stresses.

4

2 Design of Fasteners:

a) Design of Riveted Joints:

Types of riveted joints, Design of double and triple riveted butt joints with equal and unequal cover plates, Design of Circumferential joint, Longitudinal Butt Joint and Eccentric loading.

b) Welded Joints:

Types of welded joints, stresses in welded joints, Design for various loading conditions in torsion, shear, or direct load, eccentrically loaded welded joints, welding symbols and Weld joint Design for Unsymmetrical Sections.

c) Miscellaneous Joints:

Design of Gibb and cotter, and knuckle joint and Design of Turn buckle.

4

3 Design of Shaft:

Design of solid and hollow shaft for transmission of torque, bending moment and axial forces, Design of shaft for critical speed, design of shaft for rigidity and stiffness and flexible shafts.

2

4 Keys and Couplings:

Design of different types of keys, design of a muff and clamp coupling, Rigid coupling, Flange Coupling, Flexible coupling‐ Oldham, universal coupling and Pin‐Bush type Flexible coupling.

2

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5 Power Screws:

Types of power screw threads, Design of screw with different types of threads used in practice, Design of nuts, Design of “C” clamp, Screw jack, toggle jack and design of coupler.

3

6 Levers:

General Procedure for design of levers, design of lever for safety valve, design of bell crank lever and Design of rocker arm for exhaust valves.

5

PART B : Industrial Drafting 10

1 Assembly Drawings:

Drawings of assembled view for the part drawings of the following using propionate dimensions.

a) Engine parts – cylinder, liners, piston, connecting rod, crank shaft.

b) Machine parts ‐ Screws jacks, Machine Vices, Plummer block, Tailstock.

c) Valves: Steam stop valve, spring loaded safety valve, feed check valve and air cock

4

2 Production drawing:

Elements of production drawing, Fits and tolerance, allocation of fits for various mating parts, tolerance data sheet, and tolerance table preparation Geometric tolerance.

4

3 Surface roughness:

Roughness and Machining symbols and indication on drawings.

2

PART C : Computer Aided Drafting 15

1 Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting:

Starting with Computer Aided Drafting, Computer Aided Drafting dialog boxes, Co‐ordinate Systems, drawing lines, circle, arcs, rectangle, ellipse, polygons, etc.

4

2 Editing sketched objects:

Editing sketches, moving, copying, offsetting, scaling, chamfering, trimming, mirroring. Filleting and sketched objects.

3


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3 Basic dimensioning:

Geometric dimensioning and Tolerances, Dimensioning of Drawing, Creating linear, rotated, angular aligned base line Dimensions, Modifying dimensions and Design Style.

4

4 Modeling:

Creating and modifying 3D objects using 3D modeling Software.

2

5 Industrial Drafting:

Plotting the drawings in CAD, plotting drawing using the plot dialog box, adding plotters and using plot styles and plotting sheets.

2

Total 45

3.3.2 REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Sharma P.C. and Aggarwal D. K. “Machine Design”, S.K. Kataria & Sons, 2009. 2. Bhandari V.B., “Design of Machine Elements”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.,

2010. 3. Kulkarni S. G., “Machine Design ‐ Solved Problems", Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2002. 4. Orthein William, "Machine Component Design (Vol. I & II)", M/s. Jaico Publishing

1999. 5. Bhatt N.D., “Machine Drawing”, Charotar Publication, 2008. 6. Gill P.S., “Machine Drawing”, S.K. Kataria & Sons New Delhi, 2009. 7. Shigley J.E. and Charles R.M., "Mechanical Engineering Design", McGraw Hill

International Edition, 2003. 8. Tickoo S., “AutoCAD 2009”, CENGAGE learning Indian Edition. 9. Shah P.J., “Machine Drawing”, S. Chand Publication. 10. George O., “Mastering AutoCAD” SYBEX, 1989.


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3.4 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES ‐ I


3.4.1 SYLLABUS


1 Basic Machine Tools:

Machine tools classification, working and auxiliary motions in machine tools, Primary cutting motions in machine tools and drives for machine tools.

05

2 Metal Cutting Lathes:

Engine Lathes, construction and arrangement of principal units of engine lathes, type and size range of engine lathes, Operations carried on engine lathe , attachments extending the processing capacities of engine lathes, description of other types of lathes, Plain truing lathes, facing lathes, multiple tool lathes, simple purpose lathes, turret lathes, horizontal and vertical.

08

3 Drilling Machines:

Purpose and field of application of drilling machines upright drill press and radial drills.

06

4 Boring Machine:

Purpose and field of application, Horizontal boring machines and precision boring machines.

04

5 Milling Machines:

Purpose and types of milling machines, general purpose milling machines, different types of milling operations, milling cutters and attachments extending the processing capabilities of general purpose milling machines.

08

6 Planers, Shapers and Slotters and their applications. 04

7 Sawing Machines:

Metal sawing classification: reciprocating sawing machines, circular sawing machines, and band sawing machines. Broaching Machines, Types of broaching machines, advantage and limitations of broaching.

04

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8 Grinding Machines and Abrasives:

Classification of grinding machines, cylindrical grinders, internal grinders, Surface grinders, tool and cutter grinders, grinding wheel selection, surface finishing Abrasives manufacture or grinding wheels, spur.

06

TOTAL 45

3.4.2 PROPOSED LIST OF PRACTICALS: 1. Practice on lathe machine for different operations and machining time calculation. 2. Practice on Drilling machine and machining time calculation. 3. Practice on shaping machine; cutting speed and machining time calculations. 4. Practice on Milling and machining time calculation. 5. Thread cutting on lathe and machining time calculation. 6. Spur gear cutting calculation and spur gear cutting on milling machine. 7. Helical gear cutting calculation and helical gear cutting on milling machine. 8. Milling practices for helical gear & calculation. 9. Demonstration of Capstan & Single Spindle Automat. 10. Demonstration of cylindrical grinder and surface grinder.


1. Hajra & Choudhary, “Workshop Technology Vol. II”. 2. Khanna O.P., “Manufacturing Processes”. 3. Chapman, “Workshop Technology Vol. I &II & III”. 4. Jain R. K., “Production Technology”, Khanna Publishers, 2001. 5. Lindberg Roy A., “Processes and Materials of Manufacture”, Prentice‐Hall India ltd.,

1990. 6. Kalpakjian, “Manufacturing Engineering and Technology”, Addison‐Wesley

Publishing Co., 2001. 7. Raghuvanshi B.S., “Workshop Technology Vol. II”. 8. Schey J. A., “Introduction to Manufacturing Processes”, McGraw Hill, 2002. 9. Heine and Roshenthal, “Principles of Metal Casting”, TMH Edition, 2000.


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3.5 ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical IV Semester.

3.5.1 SYLLABUS

SN Course Contents

1 Basic Concepts:

Microscopic & macroscopic point of view, Thermodynamic system and control volume, Thermodynamic properties, processes and cycles, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Quasi‐static process, pure substance, vapour liquid‐ solid phase in a pure substance, p‐v‐t surface, critical and triple point of pure substance and properties of pure substances.

06

2 First law of Thermodynamics:

First law for a closed system undergoing a cycle and change of state, Energy‐A property of the system, Perpetual motion machine of the first kind, steady flow energy equation applied to nozzle, diffuser, boiler, turbine, compressor, pump, heat exchanger, throttling process and filling and emptying process.

07

3 Second law of thermodynamics & Entropy:

Limitations of first law of thermodynamics, Kelvin‐Planck and Clausius statements and their equivalence, Perpetual motion machine of the second kind, Carnot cycle, Carnot’s theorem, corollary of Carnot’s theorem, thermodynamic temperature scale. Clausius theorem, the property of entropy, inequality of Clausius, entropy change in a open system, reversible and irreversible process, principle of increase of entropy, Third law of thermodynamics, Entropy and disorder and concept of energy.

07

4 Availability, Irreversibility & Thermodynamic Relations:

Available and unavailable energy, available energy referred to a cycle, availability in non‐flow and steady flow systems, reversibility and irreversibility. Maxwell’s equation, T‐ds equations, difference in heat capacities, ratio of heat capacities, Helmholtz and Gibbs function, Internal energy relations, Clausius‐ Claperyon equation and Joule‐Thomson coefficient.

07

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5 Vapour & Gas Power cycles:

Carnot cycle, Rankine cycle, comparison of Carnot and Rankine cycle, modified Rankine cycle, calculation of cycle efficiencies, variables affecting efficiency of Rankine cycle. Carnot, Otto, diesel, dual, Atkinson and Brayton cycle. Comparison of otto, diesel and dual cycles, calculation of air standard efficiencies, mean effective pressure, Brake thermal efficiencies, relative efficiencies of I.C. engine and Kinetics of Latent Heat during phase transition from Solid to Liquid.

07

6 Combustion:

Combustion equations, minimum air requirement, excess air and air fuel ratio, wet and dry analysis of products of combustion, conversion of volumetric analysis by mass, Determination of calorific value of fuel by Bomb calorimeter and Junkers gas calorimeter, Enthalpy of formation, Enthalpy of reaction and adiabatic flame temperature.

06

7 Properties of gases and Mixtures:

Avogadro’s law, equation of state, ideal gas equation, Vander Waal’s equation, reduced properties, law of corresponding states, compressibility chart, Gibbs‐Dalton law, volumetric analysis of gas mixture, apparent molecular weight and gas constant, specific heat of a gas mixture, adiabatic mixing of perfect gases, gas and vapour mixtures.

05

Total 45

3.5.2 PROPOSED LIST OF PRACTICALS:

1. To determine flash point and fire point of a given sample of oil. 2. To determine penetration number of grease by grease – penetrometer. 3. To determine viscosity of an oil by Redwood viscometer. 4. To determine calorific value of gaseous fuel by Junker’s Calorimeter. 5. To determine carbon residue by Conradson apparatus. 6. To determine vapour pressure of a fuel by Reid’s vapour pressure apparatus. 7. Determination of calorific value of solid fuels by Bomb Calorimeter. 8. Proximate Analysis of a given fuel by proximate analyzer.


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1. Nag P.K., “Engineering Thermodynamics”, Tata McGraw‐Hill, New Delhi,2005. 2. Rajput R.K., “Engineering Thermodynamics”, Laxmi Publications, New Delhi

2007. 3. Yadav R., “Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics”, Central Publishing

House, Allahabad, 2005. 4. Cengel Yunus & Boles, “Thermodynamics – An Engineering Approach”, Tata Mc

Graw‐Hill, New Delhi, 2008. 5. Holman J. P., “Thermodynamics”, Tata McGraw‐Hill. 6. Rao Y.V.C, “An introduction to Thermodynamics”, New Age publishers, New

Delhi. 7. Robert B., “Thermodynamics – Theory & Application”, Jaico publication house. 8. Sonntag, Borgnakke & Van W., “Fundamentals of Thermodynamics”, John Wiley

& sons (ASIA) PVT. LTD. 9. Van Wylen, Sonntag & Borgnakke “Fundamentals of Classical thermodynamics”

6th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2003. 10. Cengel Yunus A. & Boles Michael A., “Thermodynamics” 4th Edition, Tata Mc

Graw Hill, New Delhi, 2004. 11. Gorden Rogers & Yon Mayhew “Engineering Thermodynamics” 4th Edition,

Addison Wesley, 2004. 12. John S., “Thermodynamics” 4th Edition, Mc Milan, 1997. 13. Sarkar S., “Fuels and Lubricants”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.


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3.6 MECHANICAL MEASUREMENT & METROLOGY This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical 1st year

3.6.1 SYLLABUS


1 Basic Concepts of Measurements:

Introduction, Measurement and its aim; Generalized Measurement system; Performance Characteristics, static & dynamic characteristics of instruments, types of measurement system, Transducers, Instrumental error and its analysis.

4

2 Introduction to Metrology:

Meaning, Necessity and Objectives of Metrology; Standards of Measurement; Elements of Measuring System; Methods of Measurement; Precision and Accuracy; Sources of Errors; Selection and Care of instruments; Standardizing organizations.

4

3 Linear Measurements:

Introduction & classification of Linear Measuring Instruments; Least count; Engineer’s Steel rule; Callipers; Vernier Calliper: working principle, construction, types & precautions to be taken; Vernier Height Gauge; Vernier Depth Gauge, Micrometers: principle, construction, Sources of errors and precautions to be taken, types of micrometers, Miscellaneous linear measuring instruments like bore gauge, telescopic gauge, slip gauges, Dial indicators: construction & working; comparators; calibration of various linear measuring instruments; Applications, Advantages and Limitations of commonly used linear measuring instruments.

5

4 Angular and Taper Measurements:

Introduction; Working principle & construction of Angular Measuring instruments like Protractors, Sine bars, Sine centre, Angle gauges, Spirit level, Clinometers, angle dekkor, Applications, Advantages & limitations of commonly used angular measuring instruments; Taper Measuring instruments: Measurement of taper shafts and holes.

3

5 Screw Thread Measurements:

Introduction & classification of Threads; Elements, Specification & forms of Screw Threads; Various Methods for measuring elements of External and Internal Screw Thread; Screw Thread Gauges; Errors in Threads.

3

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6 Gear Measurements:

Introduction & Classification of gears; Forms of gear teeth; Gear tooth terminology; Measurement and testing of spur gear: Various methods of measuring tooth thickness, tooth profile and pitch; Gear Errors.

4

7 Measurement of Surface Finish:

Introduction; Surface Texture; Methods of Measuring Surface finish‐ Comparison Methods & Direct Instrument Measurement; Sample Length; Numerical Evaluation of Surface Texture; Indication of Surface roughness Symbols used and Adverse effects of poor surface finish.

3

8 Metrological measurements:

Straightness, Flatness, Squareness, Parallelism and Machine Tool Tests, Introduction; Measurement of Straightness, Flatness, Squareness and Parallelism; run out and concentricity; tool makers microscope; Interferometry and its use in checking flatness, surface contour, parallelism etc.; Interferometers and optical flats.

4

9 Temperature Measurement:

Introduction; Temperature and Temperature Scales; Methods of temperature Measurement; Expansion thermometers; Filled System thermometers; Electrical temperature measuring instrument; Pyrometers and Calibration of temperature measuring instruments.

3

10 Pressure Measurement:

Introduction; Pressure standards and methods of pressure measurement; Manometers; Elastic pressure transducers; Measurement of Vacuum; Force balance pressure gauges; Electrical pressure transducers; pressure switches; Calibration of pressure measuring instruments, Maintenance and repair of pressure measuring instrument and Trouble shooting.

4

11 Miscellaneous measurement:

Measurement of force, torque, power, displacement, velocity, acceleration, speed and frequency.

4

12 Application of Metrology:

Metrology miniature parts and large sized components, in process gauging. Introduction to Machine tool testing; Various Alignment test on lathe, Milling Machine, Drilling Machine etc.

4

TOTAL 45


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1. Calibration of indicating micrometer using slip gauges. 2. To obtain angle of different V‐blocks using direct and indirect method. 3. To find angle of internal and external dovetail using direct and indirect method. 4. To obtain angle of internal and external cylindrical taper using different indirect

methods. 5. Calibration of gear tooth vernier and measurement of various gear tooth

parameters. 6. To find the pitch, major diameter, minor diameter and effective diameter of screw

threads. 7. To find diameter of bore using two balls and four balls method and to find radius

of circular arc. 8. Calibration of dial gauge and depth micrometer.


9. Jain R.K., “Mechanical Measurement and Metrology”, Khanna Publishers. 10. Kumar D.S., “Mechanical Measurement & Control”. 11. Singh S.K., “Industrial Instrumentation & Control”, Tata McGrawHill, 2009. 12. Beckwith & Buck, “Mechanical Measurements”, Narosa publishing House. 13. Guy A.G., “Elements of Physical Metallurgy”, Addison ‐ Wesley Publication, USA. 14. Higgins R. A., “Engineering Metallurgy”, Viva books Pvt. Ltd., 2004.


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3.7 NON‐CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical IV Semester. (Elective)

3.7.1 SYLLABUS


1 Introduction to Energy Sources:

Renewable and non‐renewable energy sources, energy consumption as a measure of Nation's development, strategy for meeting the future energy requirements Global and National scenarios and prospects of renewable energy sources.

04

2 Solar Energy :

Solar radiation ‐ beam and diffuse radiation, solar constant, earth sun angles, attenuation and measurement of solar radiation, local solar time, derived solar angles, sunrise, sunset and day length. flat plate collectors, concentrating collectors, Solar air heaters‐types, solar driers, storage of solar energy‐thermal storage, solar pond , solar water heaters, solar distillation, solar still, solar cooker, solar heating & cooling of buildings, and photo voltaic ‐ solar cells and its applications.

07

3 Wind Energy:

Principle of wind energy conversion, Basic components of wind energy conversion systems, wind mill components, various types and their constructional features, design considerations of horizontal /vertical axis wind machines, analysis of aerodynamic forces acting on wind mill blades and estimation of power output; wind data and site selection considerations.

07

4 Energy from Biomass:

Biomass conversion technologies, Biogas generation plants, classification, advantages and disadvantages, constructional details, site selection, digester design consideration, filling a digester for starting, maintaining biogas production, Fuel properties of bio gas and utilization of biogas.

06

5 Geothermal Energy:

Estimation and nature of geothermal energy, geothermal sources and resources like hydrothermal, geo‐pressured hot dry rock, magma. advantages, disadvantages and application of geothermal energy and prospects of geothermal energy in India

04

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September 2012



6 Energy from the ocean:

Ocean Thermal Electric Conversion (OTEC) systems like open cycle, closed cycle, Hybrid cycle, prospects of OTEC in India. Energy from tides, basic principle of tidal power, single basin and double basin tidal power plants, advantages, limitation and scope of tidal energy, Wave energy and power from wave, wave energy conversion devices, And advantages and disadvantages of wave energy.

05

7 Fuel Cells:

Introduction, Design principle and operation of fuel cell, Types of fuel cells, conversion efficiency of fuel cell and application of fuel cells.

04

8 Hydrogen Energy:

Introduction, Hydrogen Production methods, Hydrogen storage, hydrogen transportation, utilization of hydrogen gas, hydrogen as alternative fuel for vehicles, And Common problem and its solution maintenance of fuel cell

03

9 Energy Management:

Energy economics, energy conservation, energy audit, general concept of total energy system, scope of alternative energy system in India, Energy codes for building, Standards & Labeling, Term work is based on above mentioned syllabus and Case study of energy audit.

05

TOTAL 45

3.7.2 REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Rai G.D., “Non‐conventional energy sources”, 4th Edition Khanna Publishers, 2000. 2. Garg H.P. & Prakash J., “Solar Energy: Fundamentals and Applications”, Tata

McGraw Hill. 3. Sukhatme S.P., “Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage”, Tata

McGraw Hill, 2008. 4. Singhal B.L., “Alternative Energy Sources”, Tech Max Publication. 5. Saeed S. H. and Sharma.D.K., “Non Conventional Energy Resources”, 2nd Edition

S.K. Kataria & Sons, 2009. 6. Bockris and Srinivasan, “Fuel Cells”, McGraw Hill, 2006. 7. Kuliovsky and Lyubimov, “Magneto Hydrodynamics”, Addison. 8. Duffie and Beckman, “Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes”, John Wiley, 2006.


September 2012



24

3.8 MANUFACTURING PROCESS ‐ II

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical 5th Semester.

3.8.1 SYLLABUS


1 Manufacturing Technology:

Importance of manufacturing, economic and technological definition of manufacturing, Classification of manufacturing processes and Selection of Manufacturing process

05

2 Foundry Technology:

A) Patterns practices:

Types of patterns, allowances and material used for patterns, moulding materials, moulding sands, moulding sands; properties and sand testing; grain fineness, moisture content, clay content and permeability test, core materials and core making, core print; core boxes, chaplets, gating system design. Moulding practices: Green, dry and loam sand moulding, pit and floor moulding; shell moulding; permanent moulding and carbon dioxide moulding.

B) Casting practices:

Fundamentals of metal casting, Sand casting, Shell‐Mould casting, Mold casting (plaster and ceramic), Investment casting, Vacuum casting, Permanent mould casting, Slush casting, Pressure casting, Die casting, Centrifugal casting, Continuous casting, Squeeze casting, Casting alloys, Casting defects, Design of casting, Gating system design, and riser design. Melting furnaces‐rotary, Pit electric, Tilting and cupola. Metallurgical considerations in casting elements of gating system, and risers and their design.

10

3 Metal Joining Processes:

Principles of welding, soldering, Brazing and adhesive bonding, Classification of welding and allied processes, Gas welding and gas cutting, Principle, Oxyacetylene welding equipment, Oxy hydrogen welding. Flame cutting. Arc welding, Power sources and consumables, Gas welding and cutting, Processes and Equipments. Resistance welding, Principle and Equipments, Spot, Projection and seam welding process, Atomic hydrogen, ultrasonic, Plasma and laser beam welding, Electron beam welding, and special welding processes e.g. TIG, MIG, friction and explosive welding, welding of C.I. and Al, Welding defects. Electrodes and Electrode Coatings, Welding positions and Welding symbols.

10

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4 Forming and Shaping Processes:

Metal working, Elastic and plastic deformation, Concept of strain hardening, Hot and cold working, Rolling, Principle and operations, Roll pass sequence, Forging, Forging operations, extrusion, Wire and tube drawing processes.

Forging:

Method of forging, Forging hammers and presses, Principle of forging tool design, Cold working processes‐ Shearing, Drawing, Squeezing, Blanking, Piercing, deep drawing, Coining and embossing, Metal working defects, cold heading, Riveting, Thread rolling bending and forming operation.

10

5 Ceramic & Plastic technology:

Introduction, Classification of Ceramic & Plastic, ceramic processing/manufacturing, Ingredients of Moulding compounds, General Properties of Plastics, Plastic part manufacturing processes such as compression moulding, Transfer moulding, Injection moulding, Extrusion moulding, Blow moulding, Calendaring, Thermoforming and slush moulding, laminating.

10

Total 45

3.8.2 PROPOSED LIST OF PRACTICALS: 1. Pattern making practice – 1. 2. Patten making practice – 2. 3. Butt type welding joint. 4. Lap type welding joint. 5. Soldering practice. 6. Tin smithy practice. 7. Molding practice. 8. To find grain fineness number for given sand. 9. To find clay content from mould sand. 10. To find water content from mould sand. 11. To find permeability numbers for given sample of mould material. 12. Pouring practice for permanent mould.

3.8.3 REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Sharma P.C., “Production Technology”, S. Chand & Co Ltd., 2007. 2. Rao P.N., “Manufacturing Technology Vol‐I”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2009. 3. Kalpakjian S., “Manufacturing Engineering and Technology”, PHI Pearson. 4. Khanna O.P., “Welding technology”, Dhanpat Rai publishers, 1993. 5. Parmar R.S., “Welding Operations”, 1997.


September 2012



26

3.9 THEORY OF MACHINES This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical V Semester.

3.9.1 SYLLABUS


1 Governors:

Introduction, Function and types of governors, Centrifugal governors, Watt governor, Porter governor, Proell governor, Hartnell governor, characteristics of governor‐ stability, emissivity, isochronisms, Hunting controlling forces and stability, Effort and power of governor, Inertia governor.

10

2 Gyroscope:

Concept of gyroscope, Angular acceleration, Gyroscopic effects in ships, Airplanes, Stability of two wheeled vehicle, Stability of automobile negotiating a curve, Gyroscopic analysis of inclined rotating discs.

07

3 Flywheel:

Function, construction, Flywheel’s rim and dimensions, Operation of flywheel in a punching machine, Turning moment diagram, Fluctuation of energy and fluctuation of speed of crank shaft, Coefficient of fluctuation of energy and speed.

07

4 Inertia forces in reciprocating parts:

Introduction, D'Alembert's Principle, Effect of number of forces on a rigid, Velocity and acceleration of the piston, Forces on the reciprocating parts of an engine considering friction and inertia of moving parts‐ piston effort, force acting along connecting rod, Thrust on sides of cylinder walls, Crank effort, Thrust on crank shaft, Dynamically equivalent systems, Compound pendulum, Bifilar suspension, Trifilar suspension, Klein’s construction.

07

5 Synthesis of linkages:

Kinematic synthesis, Function generation, Path generation, Motion generation, Graphical synthesis, Precision positions, Structural error and Chebyshev spacing.

08

6 Brakes and Dynamometers:

Introduction, Brakes classification, Mechanical Brakes‐Shoe brake, Band brake, Band and block brake, Internal expanding shoe brake, Braking of vehicle, Dynamometer, Absorption and transmission type.

06

Total 45

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3.9.2 LIST OF PRACTICALS:

1. Study and demonstration of various types of mechanisms & their inversions. 2. To draw velocity diagram using instantaneous centre method. 3. To draw velocity and acceleration diagram for a simple mechanism. 4. To draw velocity & acceleration diagram of a mechanism involving Corioli’s component acceleration. 5. Study and demonstration of various types of cams & followers. 6. To draw the layout of cam profile for a reciprocating radial knife edge follower. 7. To draw the layout of cam profile for an offset reciprocating roller follower. 8. To draw the layout cam profile for a flat faced reciprocating follower 9. To draw the layout of cam profile for an oscillating follower. 10. Study of various types of gears and gear trains.

3.9.2 REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Rattan S.S., “Theory of Machines”, Tata McGraw Hill. 2. Dr. Singh S., “Theory of Machines”, Pearson Education. 3. Uicker J., Penstock G.R. & Shigley J.E., “Theory of Machines and Mechanisms”

Oxford International Edition. 4. Waldron K.J., Kinzel, G.L., “Kinematics, Dynamics and Design of Machinery”

Wiley Edition. 5. Haideri F., “Dynamics of Machinery”, Nirali Publication. 6. Khurmi R.S., “Theory of Machines”, S.Chand. 7. Shigley J.E. and Uicker J.J. and Pennock G. R., “Theory of Machines and

Mechanisms”, 3rd Edition, Oxford. 8. Bevan T., “Theory of Machines: a text book for engineering students”, 3rd

Edition, CBS, New Delhi. 9. Rao J.S., and Dukkipati R.V., “Mechanism and Machine Theory”, Wiley Eastern

Ltd. 10. Rattan S.S., “Theory of Machines”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw‐Hill, Publishing Co.

Ltd., New Delhi, 2006. 11. Ghosh A. and Mallick A.K., “Theory of Mechanisms and Machines” 3rd Edition,

East West Press Pvt. Ltd., 2000.


September 2012



28

3.10 FLUID POWER ENGINEERING

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical V Semester.

3.10.1 SYLLABUS


1 Flow Through Pipes:

Darcy‐Weisbach formula, Major energy losses, Minor energy losses, Hydraulic gradient and total energy lines, Pipes in series and parallel, Equivalent pipes, Siphon, power transmission through pipe, Flow through nozzle at end of pipe and Water hammer in pipes.

06

2 Impact of Jet :

Introduction, Force exerted on stationary plate held normal and inclined to jet, Force exerted on curved plate, Force exerted on moving plate held normal and inclined in direction of moving jet, Force exerted on curved plate when vane is moving in direction of jet, Jet striking on curved vane tangentially at one tip and leaving at other end, and Jet propulsion in ships.

06

3 Hydraulic Turbines:

General Lay out and essential components of hydro power plant, Classification of turbines, Impulse and reaction, Radial and axial, Tangential and mixed flow turbines, major components of different turbines, Expressions for work done and efficiency of Pelton wheel, Design aspects of Pelton wheel, Reaction Turbine, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine and propeller turbines, Expressions for work done and efficiency, Draft tube‐theory and types, model relationship scale effect, Specific speed, Range of specific speed for different turbines, performance curves of turbine, Selection of turbines according to available head, Discharge and load, governing of turbines, and Cavitations and its effect in turbine.

06

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4 Pumps:

Roto‐dynamic pumps, Centrifugal pumps and axial flow pumps, Constructional features and working theory, Pressure rise through impeller, Characteristic curves of centrifugal pumps, priming, maximum suction limit ‐ minimum starting speed to deliver the discharge, Multistage pumps, cavitations, pump selection & classification, Reciprocating pumps, Discharge work done and power required to drive reciprocating pumps, Indicator Diagram, air vessels, Testing of pumps as per BIS. Submersible pumps, Deep well pumps, ejector pump, Mud pump, Chemical pumps, Problems and remedy of pump.

06

5 Compressors:

A) Reciprocating compressors:

Construction and working, Multistage conditions for minimum work, Inter‐cooling, Heat rejected in compressors and intercoolers, Efficiency and control of air compressors, Reciprocating air motors and Testing of compressors,

B) Rotary Compressors:

Introduction, Classification, roots blower, Vane type, Screw compressor, Scroll compressor, centrifugal and axial flow compressors.

C) Centrifugal Compressor:

Construction and Operation, Ideal energy transfer (Euler’s work) velocity diagram, Isentropic efficiency, Static and total temperatures, Power input factor, Slip and slip factor, Pressure coefficient, Pre‐whirl, Effect of blade shape on performance, Losses in centrifugal compressors, blade angles, Impeller diameter, Impeller width, Surging and choking.

D) Axial Flow Compressors:

Introduction, Construction and operation, Velocity diagram and work done factor, Pressure ratio and static pressure rise, Degree of reaction, Choice of reaction, Blade loading and flow coefficient, Aerofoil blading, Drag and lift co‐efficient , Stalling, Radial equilibrium theory, Free vortex, forced vortex, Characteristics of curves of centrifugal and axial flow compressors. And Selection criteria of compressor and its application

10


September 2012



30

6 Miscellaneous Machines:

Construction and working of hydraulic press, Hydraulic accumulator, Hydraulic intensifier, Hydraulic crane, Hydraulic jack, hydraulic lift, Hydraulic ram, Fluid couplings, Fluid torque converter and air lift pump, Hand pump.

08

7 Case study of any village or town for Pipe line and pumping station (Water management)

03

Total 45


1. Performance test on Pelton Turbine 2. Performance test on Francis Turbine. 3. Performance test on Kaplan Turbine. 4. Impact of jet on vanes. 5. Performance test on centrifugal pump. 6. Performance test on gear oil pump. 7. Performance test on jet pump. 8. Performance test on hydraulic ram. 9. Cavitation in fluid machines.


1. Kumar D.S., “Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering”, S.K. Kataria & Sons, 2009.

2. Patel R.N., Patel V.L., “Fluid Power Engineering”, Mahajan Publication. 3. Bansal R.K., “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines”, Laxmi Prakashan, 2005. 4. Rajput R.K., “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines”, S.Chand & Co., 2008. 5. Yadav R., “Thermodynamics and Heat Engines, Vol. II and Vol III”, Central

Publications House. 6. Venkanna B.K., “Fundamentals of Turbo machinery”, Prentice Hall of India. 7. Arasu A.V., “Turbo Machines”, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2006 8. Yahya S.M., “Turbines, Compressors and Fans”, TMH Publishers, 2005. 9. Yahya S. M., “Fans, Blowers & Compressors”, New Age International, 1996.


September 2012



3.11 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VI Semester.

3.11.1 SYLLABUS


1 Fundamentals of CAD:

Introduction, Reasons for implementing a CAD system, Computer Aided Process application, conventional design verses CAD. Benefits, Hardware, CAD softwares. Technical specification of CAD workstation and computer software‐operating system.

03

2 Computer Graphics:

Vector to Raster Conversion, DDA and Breshnham’s algorithm for generation of various figures, 2D and 3D transformations, Scaling, Translation, Rotation, Mirroring, Clipping and Homogeneous matrix.

04

3 Geometrical Modeling:

Types & mathematical representation of curves, wire frame models, entities, representations and parametric representations.

04

3.1 Review of Vector Algebra, lines, circle, ellipse, parabolas, Parametric representation of synthetic curves, cubic curves and Bezier spline.

05

3.2. Surfaces & solids – model, entities, representations, fundamentals of surface and solid modeling, B‐rep, constructive solid geometry (CSG), analytical modeling and Parametric design.

04

3.3 Solid manipulation, visual realism. Computer aided design of Mechanical Elements & Mechanical Assembly with animation and Demonstration of various commercially available software in the area of CAD.

03

4 Graphics Standards:

Standards in CAD, Graphics and computing standards, Data exchange standards, Standards for graphics programming, features of GKS, other graphics standards, PHIGS, IGES, PDES and Standards in CAD.

02

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32

5 Finite Element Analysis:

Types of elements, types of error, derivation equitation finite element procedure, Stress – deflection – stiffness matrix, global matrix and conductivity table.

04

6 Elimination approach, penalty approach, effect of temperature, principle of minimum potential energy.

04

7 Mesh generation, Capability of different FEA software.. 02

8 Introduction, design synthesis, Engineering v/s Optimum Design, Objectives of Optimization, Classification of Optimization problems and their procedure, techniques of optimization, Optimized design of machine components and Optimization Software.

08

TOTAL 45


1. Drafting practice using drafting package for drawing option. 2. Drafting practice using drafting package for modify option. 3. Drafting practice using drafting package for dimensional approach. 4. Programming practice for a given problem. 5. Programming practice for graphic application. 6. Practice for data exchange from draft package. 7. Drafting of design component. 8. Demonstration of 3D modeling using CAD Packages. 9. Demonstration of stress analysis using FEA package.

3.11.3 TEXT BOOKS

1. Groover Mikell and Zimmer, “Computer Aided design and Manufacturing”, Pearson Education.

2. Hearn & Baker, “Computer Graphics”, PHI, 2004. 3. Rao P.N., “Principle of CAD/M” Tata McGraw Hill, 2004. 4. Rojer & Adams, “Computer Graphics”. 5. Zeid I., “Computer Aided Design”.


September 2012




1. Browne Jim, “Computer Aided Engineering & Design”, New Age International Publications.

2. Radhakrishnan P. and Kothanadaraman C.P., “Computer Graphics & design”, New age publication.

3. Tien Chien Chang and Richard, “Computer Aided Manufacturing”, Wang Pearson Education.

4. Rao V. D., Rao M. A. and Bhat R., “Computer Aided Analysis and Design of Machine Elements”, New Age International Publications.

5. Chendraupatla, “Finite Element Analysis”, EEE Publication. 6. Sharma V., “Fundamentals of Computer Aided Design”, KATSON educational series. 7. Rogers David F. & Adams J.A., “Mathematical Elements for Computer Graphics”,

McGraw Hill. 8. Chris McMohan, “CAD / CAM”, Jimmie Brown Addison – Wesley. 9. Zeid I., “CAD/CAM Theory & Practice”, Tata Mc Graw Hill. 10. Chougule N.K., “CAD/CAM/CAE”, Scitech Publications Pvt. Ltd. 11. Dr. Surendrakumar & Dr. Jha A.K., “Technology of CAD / CAM”, Dhanpat Rai Sons. 12. Jain P.K., “Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing”, S. Chand &

Co. 13. Rao P.N., “CAD/CAM, Principles and Applications”, McGraw Hill, 2010.


September 2012



34

3.12 AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VII Semester.

3.12.1 SYLLABUS


1 Introduction to Automobile & Automobile Performance:

Development of automobile, classification of automobiles, main parts of automobiles, vehicle assemblies, specifying an automobile, resistance to the motion of the vehicle, power required for propulsion of the vehicle, power required for acceleration, effect of different drives like front wheel/rear wheel/for wheel drive, stability of a vehicle on a slope, dynamics of a vehicle running on banked track and stability of a vehicle taking a turn.

03

2 Chassis, Frame & Body:

Types of frames, engine location, Comparison of front and rear mounting of engine, arrangement of clutch assembly, gearbox, propeller shaft with universal joints. front and rear differentials, rear, front and four wheel drives, their relative merits, types of chassis, pre requirements of body, types of bodies & their construction, aerodynamic considerations in body profiling, ergonomical considerations and defects in frames and body.

03

3 Transmission System (Clutch):

Necessity of a clutch, requirements of a good clutch, constructional features and working of different types of clutch (like single plate/multi plate/cone/semi centrifugal/ fully centrifugal/wet etc.) used in automobiles, calculation of surface area and number of driving and driven plates, nature of wear and tear each components, effect of misalignment and mis‐adjustment of components, fluid coupling and trouble shooting in clutch systems.

04

4 Gear Box:

Functions of gearbox, need of gear box, gears & gear ratios, principle of gearing, types of gear boxes, manual gearboxes, sliding mesh/ constant mesh / synchro mesh type gear box, transfer case of 4 wheel drive vehicle.

03

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September 2012



5 Automatic Transmission:

Basic devices used in automatic transmission, principle of epicyclical gearing, torque converter, free wheel clutch, over speed drive and its working, semi/fully automatic transmission and continuously variable transmission(CVT).

02

6 Propeller Shaft:

Propeller shafts and their types, fluid drive and fluid flywheel, universal joints, Hotchkiss drive, torque tube drive and whirling of propeller shaft.

02

7 Differential:

Principle of the differential, locking differential, limited slip differential.

01

8 Final Drive and Rear Axle:

Final drives and its types, hypoid type final drive, rear axle, rear axle drives, rear axle shaft supporting, rear axle casing, axle breather and oil retention.

02

9 Axle, Suspension and Steering System: Front Axle:

Types, construction, components and their functions.

01

10 Suspension System:

Principle, type of suspension system, conventional and independent front and rear axle, spring, rubber and air suspensions, automatic/hydro suspension system and shock absorbers.

02

11 Steering System:

Steering layout, types of steering gears, steering linkages, steering mechanism, definitions and significance of camber, caster, king pin inclination, toe in and toe out on turn, measurement and adjustment of various steering system layouts, steering ratio, under steering and over steering, power assisted steering, steering geometry, checking wheel alignment and steering geometry, computerized wheel alignment equipment and steering trouble shooting.

03


September 2012



36

12 Brakes:

Principle, braking distance, braking efficiency ,weight transfer, wheel skidding, principle and working of various types of brakes (like drum/disc/mechanical/girling mechanical/hydraulic etc.), power assisted brakes, hand brake, anti‐lock brake systems (ABS), diagnosis of faults, adjustment and maintenance of brakes.

04

13 Wheels & Tyres:

Types of wheels, wheel dimensions, types of tyres (conventional tube tyre/ tubeless tyre), comparison of radial and bias ply tyres, tyre materials, considerations in tread design, tyre section, tyre designations, tyre wear indicators, nitrogen in tyres, factors affecting tyre life, wheel and tyre trouble shooting.

03

14 Battery, Lighting System , Accessories and Safety System :

Battery‐ Construction, working, methods of rating, faults, charging methods, test, generator and cranking motor with drive purpose, construction, faults and diagnosis, voltage and current regulator, purpose, typical circuit, layout, working principle and voltage setting.

Lighting system:

Wiring system, head lights, aiming of head lights, indicating lights.

Accessories:

Like direction indicators, hazard flashes, horn, speedometer, tachometer, wind screen wiper, wind screen washer, central locking system, power windows, and vehicle tracking system.

Safety provisions:

Like air bags/ safety belts.

04

15 Automobile garage for maintenance and repair:

Scope of a garage, types of garages, equipments /tools for garages / service station, services carried out in garages and service station. necessity and types of servicing, engine decoking overhauling of engine, battery services, introduction to use of engine scanner / engine analyzer /chassis dynamometer / vehicle test lane etc., repairing of automobile component / system, laboratory and road testing of an automobile.

03


September 2012



16 Regulation and Standardization of Vehicles:

Motor vehicle act, registration of motor vehicles, driving license, control of traffic, insurance against third party, claims for compensation, traffic signs, central motor vehicle rules, vehicle safety standards and regulations, classification and definition of vehicles, enforcement of emission norms and duties of surveyor.

03

17 Modern Vehicles:

Construction, operational and safety features of modern four wheelers available in Indian market, introduction to electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, and CAD applications in Automobile Body design.

02

Total 45


1. Practical Demo on 4 stroke IC Engine 2. Differences between petrol & Diesel Engine.

3.12.2 TEXT BOOKS

3. Dr. Singh K., “Automobile Engineering Vol‐ I & II”, Standard Pub. & Dist. 4. Dr. Gupta K.M., “Automobile Engineering Vol‐ I & II”, Umesh Pub. 5. Gupta R.B., “Automobile Engineering”, Satya Prakashan. 6. Dr. Giri N.K., “Automobile Technology”, Khanna Pub.


. 1. Crause W.H., “Automobile Mechanics”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2007. 2. Heisler H., “Vehicle and Engine Technology”, Arnold, London, 1999. 3. Banga T.R. and Singh Nathu, “Automobile Engineering”, Khanna Publishers,

Delhi, 2001. 4. Srinivasan S., “Automotive Engines”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2001. 5. Narang G.B.S., “Automobile Engineering”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2002. 6. Sharma R.P., “Course in Automobile Engineering”, Dhanpat Rai and Sons, New

Delhi, 1998.


September 2012



38

3.13 COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING


3.13.1 SYLLABUS


1 Introduction to CIM Concepts & scope of CIM, Nature & type of manufacturing system, Evolution, Benefits of CIM.

03

2 Numerical Controls, types, evolution of controllers, components of NC/CNC system, specification of CNC system. Classification of NC /CNC machines, transducers used, salient features, constructional details of CNC machines, axis designation, NC/CNC tooling. Fundamentals of manual part programming, types of format, word address format manual part Programming for drilling, lathe and milling machine operations, subroutines, do loops, canned Cycles, parametric sub routines. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) Automated Programmed Tools language‐ its types of statement, command and programming.

12

3 GROUP TECHNOLOGY:

Introduction, part families, part classification and coding, machining cells and benefits of group technology.

04

4 FMS:

Introduction & Component of FMS, Needs of FMS, general FMS consideration, Objectives, Types of FMS, advantages of FMS, Automated material movement & AS/RS AGVS , RGV Manufacturing Cells, Cellular & Flexible manufacturing, JIT & GT applied to FMS, FMC & FMS, Tool Management, Tool supply system, Tool Monitoring System, Work piece Handling, Flexible Fixturing, Flexible Assembly Systems, Flexibility. FMS scheduling, sequencing, FMS lay out and essentials

06

5 Robot Technology:

Introduction, Industrial Robots, Robot physical Configuration, Basic Robot motions, Robotic Power sources, Sensors, Actuators, Transducer and Grippers. Technical features, such as work volume, precision of speed movement, weight carrying capacity, Programming of the robot, Introduction to robot languages, End erectors, work cell control and interlocks, Robot applications & economics, Intelligent robots and interfacing of a vision system with a Robot.

10

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6 CIM ADVANCES:

Role of management in CIM, Expert system & participate management, Impact of CIM on personnel, Role of manufacturing engineers, CIM Wheel and Concepts of lean manufacturing concepts.

04

7 COMPUTER AIDED PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT:

Introduction, PPC fundamentals, Problems with traditional PPC, use of computer in PPC such as CAPP, MRP, MRPII and ERP Inventory and shop floor control.

06

Total 45


1. Cutter path coordinate calculations (absolute and Incremental) for a given geometry.

2. Demonstration and working of CNC simulation software. 3. Demonstration and working of CNC milling machine. 4. Write CNC part programming using word address format for a given geometry

and cutting on CNC milling machine. 5. Write CNC part programming using word address format for a given geometry

using cutter radius compensation and drilling a hole pattern using canned cycle, and demonstration of same on CNC milling machine.

6. Write CNC part programming using word address format for a given geometry using mirror and subroutine (sub‐program) features, and demonstration of same on CNC milling machine.

7. Write a CNC lathe program for given geometry with and without nose radius compensation.

8. Introduction of various stock removal cycles of lathe machine and programming the same for given geometry.

3.13.3 TEXT BOOKS

1. Tien C.C., “Computer Aided Manufacturing”, Pearson Education. 2. Groover, “Automation, Production Systems and Computer Integrated

Manufacturing”, Pearson Education.


September 2012



40


1. Dr.Sinha S.K., “CNC programming”, Golgotia publications. 2. William W. L., “Flexible Manufacturing Cells and System”, Prentice Hall, England

Cliffs, New Jersy. 3. Radhakrishnan P., "Computer Numerical Control ", New Central Book Agency,

1992. 4. Vajpayee S.K., “Computer integrated manufacturing”, Prentice Hall of India. 5. Rao, Tewari, and Kundra, “Computer Aided Manufacturing”, McGraw Hill, 1993. 6. Rao P.N., “CAD/CAM, Principles and Applications”, McGraw Hill, 2010. 7. Zeid I., “CAD/CAM, Introduction”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2007. 8. Groovers and Zimmers, “CAD/CAM”, Pearson.


September 2012



3.14 ENERGY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VII Semester (Elective)

3.14.1 SYLLABUS


1 Energy Scenario:

Commercial and Non‐commercial energy, primary energy resources, commercial energy production, final energy consumption and Indian energy scenario.

03

1.1 Sectoral energy consumption (domestic, industrial and other sectors), energy needs of growing economy, energy intensity, long term energy scenario and energy pricing.

03

1.2 Energy security, energy conservation and its importance, energy strategy for the future and Energy Conservation Act 2001 and its features.

02

2 Basics of Energy its various forms and conservation :

Electricity basics – Direct Current and Alternative Currents, electricity tariff, Thermal Basics‐fuels, thermal energy contents of fuel, temperature and pressure, heat capacity, sensible and latent heat, evaporation, condensation, steam, moist air and humidity and heat transfer.

03

2.1 Evaluation of thermal performance:

Calculation of heat loss, heat gain, estimation of annual heating & cooling loads, factors that influence thermal performance, analysis of existing buildings setting up an energy management programme and use management – electricity saving techniques.

04

3 Energy Management & Audit:

Definition, energy audit, need, types of energy audit. Energy management (audit) approach‐understanding energy costs.

03

3.1 Bench marking:

Labels & standards energy performance, matching energy use to requirement, maximizing system efficiencies, optimizing the input energy requirements, fuel and energy substitution, energy audit instruments and metering

04

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42

4 Financial Management :

Investment‐need, appraisal and criteria, financial analysis technique simple payback period, return on investment, net present value, internal rate of return, cash flows, risk and sensitivity analysis; financing options and energy performance contracts and role of Energy Service Companies (ESCOs)

06

5 Energy Monitoring and Targeting:

Defining monitoring & targeting, elements of monitoring & targeting, data and information‐analysis, techniques – energy consumption, production, cumulative sum of differences (CUSUM) and Energy Management Information Systems (EMIS)

05

6 Energy Efficiency in Thermal Utilities and systems:

Energy efficiency in thermal utilities like boilers, Steam systems, furnaces, pumps and fans, compressors, cogeneration (steam and gas turbines), heat exchangers ,lighting system, Motors belts and drives, refrigeration system.

08

7 Heat Recovery and Cogeneration:

Heat recovery from ventilation, air co‐generation of heat and electricity, heat recovery and bottoming cycles.

04

Total 45

3.14.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Chakrabarti A., “Energy Engineering and Management”, Prentice hall India, 2011

2. Smith C.B., “Energy Management Principles”, Pergamon Press, New York. 3. Bureau of energy efficiency –Hand outs, New Delhi.


1. Turner W. C., “Energy Management Hand Book”, John Wiley and sons. 2. Handbook on Energy Efficiency, TERI, New Delhi, 2009 3. Hamies, “Energy Auditing and Conservation; Methods, Measurements,

Management & Case Study”, Hemisphere Publishing, Washington, 1980. 4. Write, “Industrial Energy Management & Utilization”, Larry C. Hemisphere

Publishers, Washington, 1998. 5. Kenny W. F., “Energy Conservation In Process Industry”.


September 2012



3.15 PRODUCT DESIGN AND VALUE ENGINEERING


3.15.1 SYLLABUS


1 Product Design Introduction:

Characteristics of successful product development, Design and development of products, duration and cost of product development, and the challenges of product development.

03

2 Development Processes and Organizations:

A generic development process, concept development: the front‐end process, adopting the generic product development process, the AMF development process, product development organizations and the AMF organization Flow chart for Product Development Process Job plan.

03

3 Product Planning:

The product planning process, identify opportunities, Evaluate and prioritize projects, allocate resources and plan timing, complete pre‐project planning, and reflect all the results and the process.

04

4 Identifying Customer Needs:

Gather raw data from customers, interpret raw data in terms of customer needs, organize the needs into a hierarchy, establish the relative importance of the needs and reflect on the results and the process, and product survey.

03

5 Product Specifications:

What are specifications, when are specifications established, establishing target specifications and setting the final specification. (Finalizing Products Specification considering current and likely future trends/technologies available in the market).

03

6 Design Considerations:

Design for stiffness and rigidity, design for production, designing with plastics, rubber, ceramics, glass and wood. (Exposure to preparation /study of project proposal).

10

7 Value Engineering Introduction:

Definition, value engineering recommendations, programmes, advantages, Evaluation of function, determining function, classifying function, evaluation of costs, evaluation of worth, determining worth and evaluation of value.

04

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8 Value Engineering Job Plan:

Introduction, orientation, information phase, Function phase, creation phase, evaluation phase, Investigation phase, implementation phase, speculation phase and analysis phase. (Preparation of Report /Proposal for client).

03

9 Selection of Evaluation of Value Engineering Projects:

Project selection, Methods selection, value standards and application of Value Engineering methodology.

03

10 Initiating Value Engineering Programme:

Introduction, training plan, career development for Value Engineering specialties and case studies.

03

11 Fast Diagramming:

Cost models, life cycle costs and case studies.

02

12 Value Engineering level of Effort:

Value Engineering team, Coordinator, designer, different services, definitions, construction management contracts, value engineering case studies and case studies.

04

Total 45

3.15.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Karl T.U., Steven D.E., Goyal A., “Product Design and Development”, Tata McGrawHill, New Delhi, 2009.

2. Chitale A.C. and Gupta R.C., “Product Design and Manufacturing”, Prentice Hall New Delhi, 2011.

3. Iyer S.S., “Value Engineering A how to Manual”, New age International Publishers, 2009.


1. Kevin O. and Kristini, “Product development”, Wood Pearson Education, 2004. 2. Arthur E. M., “Value Engineering: A Systematic Approach”, McGraw Hill.

3. Timjones, Butterworth, Heinmann, “New Product Development”, Oxford. UCI, 1997.


September 2012



3.16 QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VII Semester (Elective)

3.16.1 SYLLABUS


1 Introduction:

Quality – Concept, Different Definitions and Dimensions, Inspection, Quality Control, Quality Assurance and Quality Management, Quality as Wining Strategy and Views of different Quality Gurus.

02

2 Total Quality Management TQM):

Introduction, Definitions and Principles of Operation, Tools and Techniques, such as, Quality Circles, 5 S Practice, Total Quality Control (TQC), Total Employee Involvement (TEI), Problem Solving Process, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Failure Mode and Effect analysis (FMEA), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Kaizen, Poka‐Yoke, 7QC Tools, PDCA Cycle, 7 New Quality Improvement Tools, TQM Implementation and Limitations.

10

3 Introduction to Design of Experiments:

Introduction, Methods, Taguchi approach, Achieving robust design and design of Experiments.

03

4 Just –in –Time and Quality Management:

Introduction to JIT production system, KANBAN system, JIT and Quality Production.

03

5 Introduction to Total Productive Maintenance (TPM):

Introduction, Content, Methods and Advantages.

03

6 Introduction to ISO 9000, ISO 14000 and QS 9000:

Basic Concepts, Scope, Implementation, Benefits, Implantation Barriers.

03

7 Contemporary Trends:

Concurrent Engineering, Lean Manufacturing, Agile Manufacturing, World Class Manufacturing, Cost of Quality (COQ) system, Bench Marking, Business Process Re‐engineering, Six Sigma ‐ Basic Concept, Principle, Methodology, Implementation, Scope, Advantages and Limitation of all as applicable.

08

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8 Introduction to Probability Theory:

Fundamental laws of probability, Random variables; Probability distribution function; Discrete and continuous distribution; Histogram and Normal distribution curve, Mean variance and standard deviation of a distribution function. Random samples.

03

9 Reliability Concepts:

Reliability engineering fundamentals; Failure data analysis; Bath Tub curve, Failure rate; mortality curve; Concept of burn in period; Useful life and wear out phase of a system; Mean time to failure (MTTF); Mean time between failure, (MTBF) and mean time to repair (MTTR); Reliability in terms of hazard rate and failure density, Conditional probability and multiplication rules.

10

Total 45

3.16.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Jain K.C. and Chitale A.K., “Quality Assurance and Total Quality Management (ISO 9000, QS 9000 ISO 14000)”, Khanna Publishers.

2. Mahajan M., “Statistical Quality Control”, Dhanpat Rai & Co. (P) Ltd. 3. Hanson B. L. & Ghare P.M., “Quality Control & Application”, Prentice Hall of

India. 4. Besterfield D.H., Besterfield C., Michna, Besterfield G.H. and Besterfield M.S.,

“Total Quality Management”, Pearson Educaiton. 5. Dr. Kumar S., “Total Quality Management”, Laxmi Publication Pvt. Ltd. 6. Srinath L., “Reliability Engineering”, Affiliated East West Press.


1. Arora K.C., “Total Quality Management”, S.K. Kataria & Sons. 2. Eugene L.G. and Richard S. L., “Statistical Quality Control”, Tata McGraw‐Hill

Publishing Company Ltd. 3. Charantimath P.M., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson education (Singapore)

Pte. Ltd. 4. Logothetis N., “Managing for Total Quality”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 5. John M., “Competitive Manufacturing Management”. Nicholas, McGraw Hill. 6. Dole Barrie G., “Managing Quality”, Blackwell publishing. 7. Samunel K., “TQM – an integrated approach”, Crest Publishing House. 8. Miller I. R., Freund J. E & Johnson R.J., “Probability and Statistics for Engineers”,

Prentice Hall of India.


September 2012



3.17 REFRIGERATION AND AIR‐CONDITIONING

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VIII Semester.

3.17.1 SYLLABUS


1 Refrigeration:

An introduction, heat load, development of refrigeration, aircraft refrigeration, Bell‐Coleman cycle, Bootstrap air refrigeration system, types of air cycles, advantages and disadvantages.

03

2 Vapour Compression system:

Simple system on P‐H diagram, analysis of the simple cycle, factors affecting the performance of the system and actual cycle considering different losses.

Compound Compression System:

Need, flash tank, Clompound compression with flash and inter cooler, all evaporators working at the same temperature, evaporators with back pressure valves and with multiple expansion valves without flash inter cooling, analysis of two evaporators with flash inter cooler and individual and multiple expansion valve, estimation of power requirement and COP.

07

3 Absorption refrigeration system:

Characteristics of refrigerant, selection of pair, practical water ‐ NH3 cycle Li – Br system and its working.

03

4 Refrigeration system components:

Compressors, condensers, expansion devises, evaporators and its types, construction and working, comparison and selection, refrigeration piping accessories and controls, thermal insulation properties and its classification, and thickness of insulation.

05

5 Steam jet refrigeration system:

Basic concepts, system analysis, performance of steam jet refrigeration equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages.

02

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6 Refrigerants:

Development, classification, designation of refrigerants, secondary refrigerants and future industrial refrigerants.

01

7 Psychrometry and Psychrometric terms:

Properties of air, Daltons law of partial pressure, humidity, temperature, enthalpy of moist air, temperature and humidity measuring instruments, plotting psychrometric chart, psychrometric processes such as sensible heating, cooling, heating and humidification cooling and dehumidification, chemical dehumidification and adiabatic saturation.

05

8 Human comfort:

Air temperature and human body, body thermoregulation, effective temperature, comfort chart and factors governing effective temperature.

01

9 Load analysis:

Site survey, outdoor design conditions, indoor design conditions, classification of loads effect of building material and its use in design, effect of wall construction on cooling load, instantaneous heat gain (IHG) and instantaneous cooling load (ICL) heat transmission through sunlit and shaded glass using tables, method of reduction of solar heat gain thorough glass, total equivalent temperature difference, calculations of cooling load TETD due to sunlit and shaded walls using tables, air infiltration and load due to outside air, ventilation, heat gain from occupants, electric lights, product, electric motor and appliances, use of load estimation sheet, load calculation for cold storage units.

06

10 Duct Design and air distribution:

Function, classification, economic factors influencing duct layout, duct design methods, velocity reduction, equal friction and static regain method, use of friction chart equivalent diameter, dynamic losses and its determination, Requirements of air distribution system, terms in air distribution, grills, outlets, application, location.

04

11 Airconditioning systems:

Classification, system components, all air, all water, air water systems, room air conditioners, packaged air conditioning plant, central air conditioning systems, split air conditioning systems .

03


September 2012



12 Air conditioning system components:

Fans, classification and selection, air cleaning devices classification, types, construction and working, humidifiers and dehumidifiers.

03

13 Refrigeration and airconditioning application:

Food preservation, ice manufacturing, cold stores, air‐conditioning of residential commercial buildings & Energy Intensive buildings.

02

3.17.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Desai P. S., Modern Refrigeration and Air‐conditioning Khanna Publishers, 2004. 2. Manohar P., "Refrigeration and Air Conditioning", Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1983. 3. Arora C. P., Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, Tata McGraw‐Hill New Delhi, 1988. 4. Arora S. C., and Domkundwar S., Refrigeration and Air‐Conditioning, Dhanpat Rai

Publication, 2009.


1. Roy J.D., “Principles of Refrigeration”, Pearson Education, 2009. 2. Jordon and Prister, “Refrigeration and Air Conditioning”, Prentice Hall of India PVT

Ltd., New Delhi, 2009. 3. Sapali S. N., "Refrigeration and Air Conditioning", PHI Learning Private Ltd, 2009. 4. Stocker W.F. and Jones J.W., “Refrigeration and Air Conditioning", McGraw‐Hill,

2009. 5. Ahmadul A., "Refrigeration and Air Conditioning", Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,

2010. 6. Thipse S.S., “Refrigeration and air‐conditioning”, Jaico Publications, 2009. 7. Arora R.,” Refrigeration and Air‐conditioning”, Prentice Hall of India, 2010.


September 2012



50

3.18 STEAM AND GAS TURBINES


NOTE: Actual Name of Subject is Thermal Engineering but name of subject must be changed to Steam & Gas turbines because major parts of Thermal engineering are not covered in this subject.

3.18.1 SYLLABUS


1 Steam Nozzles: Types of nozzles, velocity of steam, discharge through nozzle, critical pressure ratio and condition for maximum discharge, physical significance of critical pressure ratio, effect of friction and nozzle efficiency, general relationship between area, velocity and pressure in nozzle flow and super saturated flow.

08

2 Steam turbine: Principle of operation, types of steam turbines, compounding of steam turbines, impulse turbine‐ velocity diagram, calculation of work, power and efficiency, condition for maximum efficiency, Reaction turbines – velocity diagram , degree of reaction, Parson turbine, work, power, efficiencies, blade height, condition for maximum blade efficiency for Parson turbine, reheat factor, governing of steam turbine‐ throttle, nozzle and bypass governing, regenerative feed heating, reheating of steam, binary vapour cycle, Steam turbine blade materials and Methods for steam turbine Blade Cooling.

13

3 Gas turbine: Classification, open and closed cycle, gas turbine fuels, actual Brayton cycle, optimum pressure ratio for maximum thermal efficiency, work ratio, air rate, effect of operating variables on the thermal efficiency and work ratio, and air rate means of improving efficiency and specific output of simple cycle‐ open cycle turbine with regeneration, reheating and Inter cooling, combined steam and gas turbine plant, requirements of combustion chamber, types of combustion chambers, Constant volume cycle and applications of gas turbine blade materials .

12

4 Jet Propulsion: Turbojet Engine, thrust, thrust power, propulsive efficiency, thermal efficiency, turboprop, ramjet and pulsejet engines, and rocket engines.

06

5 Methods of attachment of blades to turbine rotor: Labyrinth packing. Losses in steam turbine, special types of steam turbine‐ back pressure, pass out and mixed pressure turbine.

06

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3.18.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Rathore M., “Thermal Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill, Delhi. 2. Rajput R.K., “Thermal Engineering”, Laxmi Publication, Delhi. 3. Yadav R., “Steam & Gas turbines”, Central publishing House, Allahabad. 4. Domkundwar S., “Thermal Engineering”, Dhanpatrai & Co. Delhi. 5. Yahaya S.M., “Fans Blowers & compressors”, Tata McGraw Hill.


1. Rajadurai J.S., “Thermodynamics & Thermal Engineering”, New Age Publishers, Delhi.

2. Suman K., “Thermal Engineering”, Prentice Hall, New Delhi. 3. Ramalingam K.K., “Thermal Engineering”, Scitech Publication, Chennai. 4. Khurmi & Gupta, “Thermal Engineering”, S. Chand & Company, Delhi. 5. Kulshrestha S.K., “Thermal Engineering”, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New

Delhi. 6. Ballaney P.L., “Thermal Engineering”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi. 7. Sarkar B.K., “Thermal Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. 8. Dr. Khajuria & Dubey, “Gas Turbines & Propulsive Systems”, Dhanpatrai Pub.


September 2012



52

3.19 GAS DYNAMICS

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VIII Semester (Elective)

3.19.1 SYLLABUS


1 Fundamentals of compressible flow:

Continuity, momentum and energy equation, control volume, sonic velocity, Mach number and its significance, Mach waves, Mach cone and Mach angle, Von Karman rules of supersonic flow, static and stagnation states, relationship between stagnation temperature, pressure, density and enthalpy in terms of Mach number, stagnation velocity of sound, reference speeds, various regions of flow, Effect of Mach number on compressibility. Various dimensionless, Sonic ‐ Sub sonic & supersonic flow graph and comparisons and Numerical of supersonic air craft.

09

2 Isentropic flow with variable area:

One dimensional isentropic flow in ducts of varying cross‐section‐ nozzles and diffusers, mass flow rate in nozzles, Flow comparison of nozzle and diffuser, critical properties and choking, area ratio as function of Mach number, Impulse function, effect of back pressure variation of convergent and convergent divergent nozzles, non‐dimensional mass flow rate in terms of pressure ratio, area ratio and Mach number, flow through diffusers and use of gas tables.

10

3 Flow in constant area duct with friction (Fanno flow):

Fanno curve and Fanno flow equations, solution of Fanno flow equations, variation of flow properties, Application of Fanno flow, variation of Mach no. with duct length, isothermal flow in constant area duct with friction, tables and charts for Fanno flow.

08

4 Flow in constant area duct with heat transfer (Rayleigh flow):

Rayleigh curve and Rayleigh flow equations, Application of Rayleigh flow, variations of flow properties, maximum heat transfer, tables and charts for Rayleigh flow.

08

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5 Normal shock:

Development of shock wave, governing equations, Prandtl‐Mayer relation, Rankine‐Hugoniot relation, strength of shock wave, Mach number in the downstream of normal shock, variation of flow parameters across the normal shock, normal shock in Fanno and Rayleigh flows, impossibility of a rarefaction shock, supersonic diffusers and Oblique shock.

09

6 Wind tunnel:

Types of wind tunnels & contractions, Introduction to design of Wind Tunnels and experiments on Wind Tunnels.

01

Total 45

3.19.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Yahya S.M., “Dynamics of compressible flow”, New Age Publishers, Delhi. 2. Balachandran P., “Fundamentals of compressible fluid dynamics”, PHI Learning,

New Delhi. 3. Murugaperumal P., “Gas Dynamics and Jet Propulsion”, Scitech Publication,

Chennai. 4. Yahya S.M., “Compressible flow”. New Age International, 2003. 5. Radhakrishnan, “Gas dynamics”, John Wiley, 2010. 6. Balachandran P., “Gas dynamics”. PHI Publishers. 7. Shepiro, “Gas dynamics”. John Wiley & Sons, New York.


1. Singhal B.L., “Gas Dynamics and Jet Propulsion”, Macmillan Publishers India Ltd, New Delhi.

2. Gas Turbines and Jet Propulsion – Nirali Prakshan, Pune. 3. Jain J.K., “Gas Turbine Theory and Jet Propulsion”, Khanna publishers, New Delhi. 4. John James and Keith Theo, “Gas Dynamics”, Pearson, New Delhi.


September 2012



54

3.20 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY & MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING


3.20.1 SYLLABUS


1 Introduction to the development of industrial safety and management:

History and development of Industrial safety, Implementation of factories act, Formation of various councils, Safety and productivity, Safety organizations. Safety committees, safety committee structure, Roll of management and roll of Govt. In industrial safety and safety analysis.

08

2 Accident preventions, protective equipments and the Acts:

Personal protective equipment, Survey the plant for locations and hazards, Part of body to be protected, Education and training in safety, Prevention causes and cost of accident, Housekeeping, First aid, Firefighting equipment, Accident reporting, Investigations, Industrial psychology in accident prevention and safety trials.

07

3 Safety Acts:

Features of Factory Act, Introduction of Explosive Act, Boiler Act, ESI Act, Workman’s compensation Act, Industrial hygiene, Occupational safety, Diseases prevention, Ergonomics, Occupational diseases, stress, fatigue, health, safety and the physical environment, Engineering methods of controlling chemical hazards, safety and the physical environment, Control of industrial noise and protection against it, Code and regulations for worker safety and health, Environment Protection and safety, and ISO 14,000.

06

4 Principles and practices of Maintenance planning:

Basic Principles of maintenance planning – Objectives and principles of planned maintenance activity – Importance and benefits of sound Maintenance systems – Reliability and machine availability, Equipment Life cycle, Measures for Maintenance Performance: Equipments breakdowns, Mean Time Between Failures, Mean Time To Repair, Factors of availability, Maintenance organization and maintenance economics.

08

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5 Maintenance policies and preventive maintenance:

Maintenance categories – Comparative merits of each category – Preventive maintenance, Maintenance schedules: Repair cycle, Principles and methods of lubrication, Fault Tree Analysis, Total Productive Maintenance: Methodology and Implementation,

08

6 Condition Monitoring:

Condition Monitoring: Cost comparison with and without Condition Monitoring, On load testing and off load. Methods and instruments for Condition Monitoring, Temperature sensitive tapes, Pistol thermometers, wear‐debris analysis and noise vibration and harshness analysis of machines

08

Total 45

3.20.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Srivastava S.K., “Industrial Maintenance Management”, S. Chand and Co. 2. Bhattacharya S.N., “Installation, Servicing and Maintenance”, S. Chand and Co. 3. Willie H., “Occupational Safety Management and Engineering”, Prentice Hall.


1. White E.N., “Maintenance Planning”, Documentation, Gower Press. 2. Garg M.R., “Industrial Maintenance”, S. Chand and Co., 1986. 3. Higgins L.R., “Maintenance Engineering Hand book”, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill. 4. Armstrong, “Condition Monitoring”, BSIRSA. 5. Davies, “Handbook of Condition Monitoring”, Chapman and Hall, 1994. 6. Ray A.C., “Industrial Safety and Health Management”, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall. 7. Mishra R.C., “Reliability and Maintenance Engineering”, New Age Publishing

house, 2012.


September 2012



56

3.21 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VI Semester.

3.21.1 SYLLABUS


1 Introduction to I.C. Engine:

Applications, actual working of IC engines, valve and port timing diagrams, EC and IC Concept and IC engine History.

01

2 Thermodynamics:

Reasons for variation of specific heats of gases change of internal energy and enthalpy during a process with variable specific heats, isentropic expansion with variable specific heats, and effect of variable specific heats on air standard cycles of Otto and diesel cycles. Working principle of Sterling Wankle and Variable Compression Ratio Engines and Adiabatic engine.

04

3 Fuel air cycles, actual cycles and their analysis:

Factors considered and assumptions made for fuel–air cycles, dissociation, comparison of air standard and fuel air cycles, effect of operating variables on cycle analysis, and difference between actual cycle and fuel air cycle for SI and CI engines.

03

4 Properties Of Fuels:

Desirable properties of I.C. engine fuels, required qualities of S.I and C.I engine fuels, rating of S.I and C.I. engine fuels, HUCR, dopes/additives for S.I. & C.I. engines, use of alternate fuels like CNG, LNG, LPG, vegetable oils, biodiesel, alcohol, biogas and hydrogen for IC engines and Lubricant Oil and its category.

04

5 Fuel supply systems for S.I engines:

Fuel supply system for SI engines, properties of air‐petrol mixture, mixture requirement for different loads and speeds, simple carburetor and its working, calculation of air‐fuel ratio, types of carburetors, limitations of a single jet carburetor, modern carburetors, problems in carburetors, altitude compensation, gasoline injection in SI engines and mpfi system for modern automobile engines, CNG and LPG kit elements.

05

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6 Fuel supply systems for C.I. engines:

Requirement of ideal injection system, types of injection systems, fuel pumps and injectors, types of nozzles, spray formation, quantity of fuel and size of nozzle orifice.

04

7 Ignition system:

Rechargeable Battery, magneto, and electronic, spark plug, firing order, Modern ignition system.

Governing system : quality, quantity & hit and miss governing,

Intake and exhaust systems,

Scavenging systems: scavenging processes and systems, scavenging pumps

03

8 Charging Mechanism:

Objects, types of superchargers, Supercharging of SI and CI engines, effects of supercharging, supercharging limits, methods of supercharging and turbo charging

03

9 Combustion in S.I. Engines:

Stages of combustion, ignition lag and the factors affecting the ignition lag, flame propagation and factors affecting flame propagation, Types of flame, abnormal combustion and knocking in SI engines, factors affecting knocking, effects of knocking, control of knocking and combustion chambers for S.I. engines.

04

10 Combustion in C.I. engines:

Stages of combustion, delay period /ignition lag and the factors affecting it, detonation in C.I. engines, factors affecting detonation, controlling detonation and combustion chambers for C.I. engines.

04

11 Aims of engine testing:

Measurement of indicated power, brake power, friction power, speed, air consumption, fuel consumption. IC engine efficiencies, specific output, specific fuel consumption, heat balance sheet, performance characteristics of SI and CI engines, testing of IC engines as per Indian standard 10001. Morse test, Research oriented measurement, effect of air and humidity on performance on IC Engine and Best operating point of engine.

06


September 2012



58

12 Emission of pollutants from SI & CI engines, control of emissions from SI and CI engines, use of catalytic convertor, EGR, DPT system measurement of pollutants in exhaust gases, effect of different pollutants on human and plant life , emission (Euro & Bharat stage) norms. Effect of air pollution on human body, Various Dieses and EURO Norms I, II, III, IV.

04

Total 45


1. To draw the valve timing diagram for a given constant speed 4‐ stroke single cylinder Diesel engine.

2. To find out best speed of variable 4‐ stroke, 4‐ cylinder petrol engine 3. To study different types of Combustion chamber of S.I. engine. 4. To study different types of combustion chambers of C.I. engine. 5. To study fuel pump and Injector. 6. To study different types of ignition system of I.C. engine 7. To carry out testing of I.C. engine as per Indian standard 10001. 8. To carry out heat balance of single cylinder Diesel engine. 9. To study simple carburetor and other types of modern carburetor. 10. To study working principle of Sterling, Wrankle and variable compression ratio

engines. 11. To find Mechanical efficiency of 4‐stroke 4‐ cylinder petrol engine by MORSE test.

3.21.3 TEXT BOOKS

1. Domdundwar V.M., “A course in internal combustion engines”, Dhanpatrai & Co. Pvt. ltd, New Delhi

2. Mathur & Sharma, “Internal combustion engines”, Dhanpatrai & sons, New Delhi.

3. Ganeshan V., “Internal combustion engines”, Tata McGraw Hill pub.co. ltd., New Delhi, 1995.

4. Yadav R., “I.C. Engine”. 5. Gupta R.B., “I C engine”.


1. Ramalingam, “Internal combustion engines”, Scitech publications India Pvt. ltd., Chennai.

2. Gupta H.N., “Internal combustion engines”, PHI Learning, New Delhi. 3. Singhal B.L, “Internal combustion engines”, Tech‐max publications, Pune. 4. John B.H., “Internal Combustion Engines”, McGraw Hill, New York, 1998.


September 2012



3.22 AUTOMOBILE BODY ENGINEERING

This subject is offered in GTU BE Mechanical VIII Semester (Elective).

3.22.1 SYLLABUS


1 Vehicle Aerodynamics:

Objectives ,Vehicle drag and types ,various types of forces and moments ,effects of forces and moments ,side wind, various body optimization techniques and Aerodynamic Aids for Optimization of drag ,wind tunnel testing of scale model, component balance to measure forces and moments, various Resistance act on auto body and vehicle dynamics.

07

2 Car Body:

Types, Regulations, drivers visibility, tests for visibility, methods for improving visibility and space in cars, safety design, safety requirements for car, car body construction, Crash Test and Roll over test regulations, Heating and ventilation systems, dash board instruments and cost analysis.

07

3 Bus Body Details:

Types, Mini bus, single Decker, double Decker, two level, split level and articulated bus, bus body layout, floor height, engine location, entrance and exit locations, passenger seating dimensions, constructional details, frame construction, double skin construction, types of metal sections and Ergonomics consideration.

07

4 Body Design:

Types of body, Flat platform, drop side, fixed side, tipper body, tanker body, Light commercial vehicle body types, Dimensions of driver’s seat in relation to controls, driver’s cabin design. volume/weight aspects in design,

06

5 Body Materials:

Metal sheets (Steel, Aluminum etc.), plastics, timber, GRP, FRP, Insulating materials, adhesives and sealants. Wind screen, Back light & window Glasses and regulations for glasses. Difference between toughened glass, sheet glass & laminated glass. Composite materials, properties of materials, corrosion, anti‐corrosion methods, selection of paint and painting process, body trim items, body mechanisms and Cost analysis.

07

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6 Body Loads:

Idealized structure, structural surface, shear panel method, symmetric and asymmetric vertical loads in a car, longitudinal load, different loading situations, chassis frame design, Construction of Doors, door apertures, windows. Spare wheel carrier construction and design for different types of vehicle and weight distribution criteria in relation to Spare wheel location. Sources of body noises testing and methods of elimination and Water leakage test.

09

7 Automobile body repair and servicing:

Interior trim and upholstery, Glass and door service, Body insulation and sealing, Exterior trim, major and minor body repairs. Repair and servicing equipments, body pooler, Accident job and repair.

02

3.22.2 TEXT BOOKS

1. Crouse W. H. & Anglin D.L., “Automotive Chassis”, McGraw‐Hill Int. Book Co., 2009. 2. Kohli P.L., “Automotive Chassis & Body”, Papyrus Publishing House, New Delhi,

2010. 3. Powloski J., “Vehicle Body Engineering”, Business Books Ltd., London. 4. Gupta K.M., “Automobile engineering”, Vol. I & II.


1. Sydney F.P., “Body Engineering”, Chapman & Hill Ltd., London, 3rd Edition. 2. Fairbrother J., “Fundamentals of Vehicle Body work”, Hutchinson, London. 3. Heldt P.M., “Automotive Chassis”, Chilton Co. NK, 1945. 4. Fenton John, “Vehicle Body Layout & Analysis”, Hutchinson, London. 5. Giles J.G., “Body Construction and Design”, Vol. 6, llefe Books/Butterworth & Co.

London.

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