Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah, dr., MKes., SpB (K)V

NEGLECTED DISEASE

DEFINITION

• Global health organizations define neglected diseases as those that are prevalent among impoverished and marginalized populations in the developing world. Tropical environments, poor living conditions, and limited access to health care contribute to the risk and spread of these diseases.

http://www.ott.nih.gov/Technologies/NegDis_ovrvw.aspx

WHY NEGLECTED?

WHY TROPICAL AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES?

THE BIG THREE

• HIV/AIDS• TBC• MalariaNearly 80% of 2.5 billion dollar went to the big three!

Frew SE, Liu VY, Singer PA. A business Plan to help the “global south” in its fight against neglected disease. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28(6):1760–73

COMMON FEATURES OF NTD * First WHO report on NTD, 2010

COMMON FEATURES OF NTD

WHY PHARMACIES ARE RELUCTANT TO NTD’S?

• NTDs are not an attractive market for pharmaceutical industries

• The patent system

• Limited fund for research

J Med Ethics 2009;35:310–314. doi:10.1136/jme.2008.027078

LIST OF NTD’S

YAWS

Podoconiosis

NTD’S TODAY

http://www.neglecteddiseases.gov/

USAID NTD program:

- Onchocerciasis- Schistosomiasis- Trachoma- Lymphatic Filariasis- Soil-Transmitted helminthiasis

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation- Onchocerciasis- Dengue- Japanese encephalitis- Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)- Visceral Leishmaniasis- Hookworm disease- Dracunculiasis- Lymphatic filariasis- African Trypanosomiasis

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

Group I : Neglected Disease

• An overview of neglected disease

• Why the diseases termed as ‘neglected’?

• With what diseases should it be compared with?

• What implication that some diseases have been neglected in medical research?

Group II: The high cost of drug discovery

• An overview about drug discovery (including vaccine development)

• Why drug discovery become very expensive?

• What do you think of it?

• What should medical community should do about it?

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

Group III: Life style drug and Me-too drug

• An overview of ‘life-style’ drugs

• Why the world spend more money on life-style drugs

• Why do ‘life-style’ drugs receive more attention from pharmaceutical company than other drugs?

• Give examples on how the money has been spent on ‘life-style’ drugs compared to others

• ‘Me-too’ drugs