neha mehendale wrm - process and energy studies of an stp
TRANSCRIPT
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Neha Mehendale
1052 MNW
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Introduction
y STPs an important requirement
y
Deal with high BOD ofsewage
y Preventing adverse impact on water bodies
y Energy intensive process
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About the organization
y TechnogreenEnvironmental Solutions,Pune
y Branches Mumbai,Pune, Kolhapur, Nashik,Solapur and Sangli
y Services include Air, Water and Soil Quality Management,Solid and
HazardousWaste Management
y EIA, Habitat Restoration, Auditing, BiogasPlants, Wastewater
Treatment
y Kirloskar Brothers Ltd. , Mahindra & Mahindra,ITC Ltd.,Siemens Ltd.,
Venkateshwara Hatcheries, Bharat Forge
Environmental SolutionsgTechno reen
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Objectives
y Understanding the process ofSTP
y Energy consumption at the plant
y Suggestions for reducing energy costs
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Time Line
30th May 4thJune 2011 Reporting at Plant and deciding project plan,PlantVisit
6thJune 2ndJuly 2011 Study ofSludgeTreatment Process and Unit-wiseanalysis of parameters
4th 9thJuly 2011 Data Collection for energystudies
11th 16thJuly 2011 Compilation and Analysis
18th 23rdJuly 2011 Documentation
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Bhairobanala S
TP,P
une
y Plant capacity: 130 MLD
y Input from Kalyaninagar Pumping Station: 30 MLD
y Area: 5 Hectare
y Activated Sludge process
y Plant Commissioned in July 2003
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Bhairobanala STP,Pune
y Activated Sludge process
y Plant capacity: 130 MLDChlorinationTank
AnaerobicDigesters
Aeration Tanks
PrimarySettling Tanks
SecondarySettling Tanks
Raw Sewage Sump
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COD and TSS estimation
Standard methods forCOD and TSS estimation were used.
Unit ParameterInlet
(mg/L)
Outlet
(mg/L)Efficiency (%)
1PST
COD 301.34 148 50.88%
TSS 515 277.67 46.08%
2 Aeration
Tank
COD 122 38 68.85%
TSS 199 61 69.35%
3SST
COD 60 24 60%
TSS 107 28 73.83%
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Energy Consumption
y Estimate of different forms of energy was made
y Electrical
y Manual
y Mechanical
y Information gathered
y Details ofElectrical Equipment
y Staff working at planty Use of fuel at plant
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Energy Consumption
y Electrical Energy
Ep = Pt 3.6 (MJ)
= Power factor (assumed to be 0.9),
P= Power of the electrical equipment in kWh
T= corresponding hours of electricity operation,3.6 = energy equivalent 1 kWh
(Waheed et al., 2008)
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Energy Consumption
y Manual Energy
Ei= Energy equivalent for an adult working for 1 hr, Ni= Number of people,
Ti= Time spent in Labour
y Mechanical Energy
Ef= 56.31 D (MJ)
56.31 = unit energy value of diesel, MJL-1;D = liters of diesel consumed
(Waheed et al., 2008)
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Energy Consumption
Unit OperationElectrical
(MJ)
Manual
(MJ)
Mechanical
(MJ)
Total
Energy
(MJ)
Raw Sewage
Collection 9720.00 52.56 1.15 20573.71
Pre-Treatment 233.28 52.56 1.15 546.19
PrimaryTreatment 524.88 52.56 - 1160.64
Aeration 37091.52 52.56 - 78356.88
SecondaryTreatment 233.28 52.56 - 545.04
Chlorination 291.60 52.56 - 668.16
SludgeTreatment 4881.77 52.56 64.35 10422.88
OtherProcesses 526.26 52.56 1132.94 2296.48
TOTAL 53502.59 420.46 1199.59 55122.64
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Energy from Biogas
Considered Inlet COD = 350mg/L, For 130MLD plant COD = 45500Kg/day
Considering 1.7 Kg COD/ Kg VS and 920 L Biogas/Kg VS (Panter Keith, 2008)
Amount of biogas from sludge = (45500/1.7) x (920/1000) = 24623.53 m3/day
1 m3 biogas = 2 KWh (Electrigaz, 2011)
Energy from biogas = 24623.53 x 2 = 49247.05 KWh/day
Industrial ElectricityCost in Pune = Rs. 5.4/unit (MAHADISCOM, 2011)
EnergySavings = 49247.05 x 5.4 = Rs. 2,65,934/day
Considering 70% Efficiency ofPlant for COD removal,Energy Savings = Rs. 1,86,154/day
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Observations
y Current design inconsistent with expansion plan
y Faulty analytical procedure
y Non-utilization of biogas as energy
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Limitations
y Lab equipment failure and power cuts
y Unavailability of data
y Duration of project
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References
y APHA, 1998,Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater,Section 2540 D for TSS and 5220C for COD
y Bhairoba Nala Plant Layout, 2001,Pune
y CPHEEO Manual, 1999, Manual on Water Supply and Treatment
y Electrigaz 2011, Biogas FAQ, Available at , [Acessed on 22/07/2011]
y H. Singh, D. Mishra, N.M. Nahar, 2002-2004. Energy use pattern in productionagriculture of a typical village in arid zone,India - Part I,II and III,EnergyConversion and Management
y Kansal A., 2011, Lecture notes on Solid Waste Management and Water QualityManagement
y MAHADISCOM 2011, Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co. Ltd BillCalculator, Available at , [Acessed on22/07/2011]
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Referencesy MiddlebrooksE.J., MiddlebrookesC.H., Reed S.C., July 1981. Energy
Requirement for Small WastewaterTreatment Systems, Water PollutionControl Federation, Vol. 53, No. 7, pp. 1172-1197
y Mittal, V.K., Mittal,T.K. and Dhawan, K.C. 1985. Research digest on energy
requirements in agricultural sector.y Panell S. D., 2005, Anaerobic Digestion Options for Industrial Wastewater,
Available at , [Acessed on25/07/2011]
y Panter Keith, 2008, Mass and Energy Balances in high solids digestionfollowing thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment,Ebcor Ltd.
y Vaidya M.V., 2008,PMCSTPAudit Report
y Waheed M.A., Jekayinfa S.O., Ojediran J.O.,Imeokparia, 2008. Energeticanalysis of fruit juice processing operations in Nigeria,Energy, Vol 33, pp. 35-45