Neil D. Springate The Natural History Museum, London, UK (nds@nhm.ac.uk)

Sara Pinzón University of Panama, Panama, PA

Yves Basset Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, PA

The IBISCA Malaise trap programme

and focal taxa:

‘Hymenoptera Parasitica’

Estimates the flight activity of insects in the understorey

For each of 9 sites in 2004:One trap set in the understorey (n = 9)

Traps run for 10 daysReplication in February/March, May and October 2004Total 73 trap surveys

The Malaise trap

programme

Site R1

Sites No. surveys Dates 2004 Replicates No. No. ind. collected Average no. ind. Average no. ind.per survey collected in Feb-March

B1 3 Feb-Mar 2 8,015 2,672 2,672B2 2 Feb 2 2,197 1,099 1,099C1 11 Feb to Nov 2, 3, 4 30,695 2,790 1,919C2 11 Feb to Nov 2, 3, 4 23,706 2,155 1,055C3 11 Feb to Nov 2, 3, 4 20,198 1,836 1,703I1 11 Feb to Nov 2, 3, 4 27,533 2,503 1,886R1 3 Feb 2 3,479 1,160 1,160R2 10 Feb to Nov 2, 3, 4 20,505 2,051 1,581R3 11 Feb to Nov 2, 3, 4 25,785 2,344 2,015

Totals 73 162,113

Total 162,113 individuals collectedbut sampling effort greatly different among sites

Results - abundance per siteall arthropods

Results - abundance per site

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

B1 B2 C1 C2 C3 I1 R1 R2 R3

Sites

Tota

l no.

ind.

col

lect

ed

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

B1 B2 C1 C2 C3 I1 R1 R2 R3

Sites

Ave

rage

no.

ind.

col

lect

ed p

er s

urve

y

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

B1 B2 C1 C2 C3 I1 R1 R2 R3

Sites

Ave

rage

no.

ind.

per

sur

vey

in F

eb-M

ar 2

004

Raw resultsAverage per survey

Average per surveyin Feb-March 2004 Abundance at B1

higher, lower atB2 and C2 duringFeb-March 2004

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

B1 B2 C1 C2 C3 I1 R1 R2 R3

Sites

Mea

n (s

.e.)

no. i

ndiv

idua

ls p

er tr

ap

Sticky traps

Processing of material:

1) Sorted by higher categories (families) with focal taxa extracted

2) ‘Hymenoptera Parasitica’ isolated but not processed yet

3) From focal taxa: information available on homopterans, sorted by species/morphospecies

Site B1

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

For

mic

idae

Cic

adel

lidae

Tip

ulid

ae

Tab

anid

ae

Niti

dulid

ae

Cix

iidae

Cur

culio

nida

e

Mor

delli

dae

Ela

terid

ae

Der

bida

e

Sta

phyl

inid

ae

Chr

ysom

elid

ae

Coc

cine

llida

e

Ale

yrod

idae

Cle

ridae

Tota

l no.

ind.

col

lect

ed

B1B2C1C2C3I1R1R2R3

Abundance of most common families(> 100 ind.) per site

Formicidae I1

Cixiidae I1Coccinellidae I1

Relationships between site characteristicsand arthropod abundance

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

0.68 0.685 0.69 0.695 0.7 0.705 0.71 0.715 0.72 0.725

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (Landsat)

Aver

age

no. i

nd. c

olle

cted

per

sur

vey

B2R1

R2

C3

C2

C1

B1

I1R3

r = 0.84, p <0.01

Variables available

BANo. plant species

NDVIIllumination

Best relationshipwith NDVI

Explain here strategies for processing, sortingand analyzing Hymenoptera Parasitica

(and what do they include: not Braconidae, not Ichneumonidae,

= Chalcidoidea only?

Biolleyana

Challenge:To account for differentsampling efforts amongsampling methods andhabitats

Total 15,245 homopterans

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

Stic

ky tr

aps

Mal

aise

Fogg

ing

Ligh

t tra

ps

Flig

ht in

terc

ept t

raps

Gro

und

FIT

Pitfa

ll tra

ps

Bea

ting

Win

kler

Ber

lese

No.

of i

ndiv

idua

ls c

olle

cted

LitterUnderstoreyCanopyUpper canopy

3,006 homopteranscollected by MT,

179 species

Collecting effort by method (no. ind.)

-0.5 +2.0

-0.5

+1.5

I1

R3B1B2

R1

R2

C1

C2

C3

I1

Total inertia = 1.319Axis 1 = 34%Axis 2 = 14% of variance

I1 rather differentbut meaning of axes obscureBetter calibrating

DCA of homopteran spp. collected by MTand ordered by sites: 39 common spp. (no. ind. 9)

Oronoqua

• Processing of material difficult without adequate support

• Needs to calibrate (rarefaction, re-sampling?) the data

• Abundance/activity among sites may be related to forest type (NDVI)

• Abundance/activity among sites may/may not be related to other

sampling methods

• Differences among sites for homopteran species

obscure at this stage

Conclusions

Acknowledgements: our sponsors and the IBISCA team

Part of IBISCA participants during the field replication of May 2004