7/30/2019 Nephrolithiasis - Patho

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Chapter VII

Pathophysiology of Nephrolithiasis

Male

61 y/oIncreased protein and

purine intake

Habits of inadequate

fluid intake and holding

off of urination

Increased uric acid in the blood

stream due to increased purine

intake

Body compensates by letting

kidney eliminate the excess uric

acid

Accumulation of uric acid in the

kidney

Formation of uric acid stones

Urinary stasis due to holdingoff of urination

Concentration of uric acid due

to inadequate fluid intake

Partial obstruction of

the kidney

Trauma to kidney

tissues

Flank pain Hematuria

Probable reflux of urine

(unidentified cause)Reflux of urine to the kidneys,

however, only mostly to the

left due to the partial

obstruction to the right

Hydronephrosis of the left

Distention of the renal pelvis

and calycesAcute colicky flank pain that

radiates to the groin

Damage to the tissues due to

unrelieved pressureHematuria