Nervous System

Nervous SystemLearning TargetI can describe the parts of the nervous system and explain how they work together.The Control CenterWhat do brushing your teeth, riding a bike, and solving a math problem all have in common?All result from instructions from your bodys control center.

Neurons- Specialized cells that make up the nervous systemUnlike body cells they CANNOT repair or replace themselves if they are damagedNeurons carry messages to and from different parts of the bodyReflex arcNeuron

Parts of the Nervous SystemCentral Nervous System (CNS)- includes the brain and the spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)- includes the nerves that connect the CNS to all parts of the body.It carries messages to and from the CNSNervous System

Central Nervous SystemBrain- the mass of neurons that controls all actions, emotions, thoughts, and memory.Weighs about 3 poundsBlood vessels cover your brain and carry oxygen and food it needs to workWell protectedSkullMeninges- membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

Spinal Cord- long bundle of neurons that extend almost the entire length of the bodyRelays messages from all parts of the body to the brain and from the brain to muscles and glandsDiameter of your index finger, protected by backboneCentral Nervous System

3 Parts of the BrainCerebrum- largest portion of the braincontrols senses, movement of muscles, thinking, and speech

Cerebellum- Sits at the back of the head under the cerebrum.controls balance, posture, and coordination (fine motor movements)

Brain Stem- controls vital (important) body actions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestionCerebrum-controls senses, movement of muscles, thinking, and speech

Cerebellum- controls balance, posture, and coordination (fine motor movements)

Brain Stem- controls vital (important) body actions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion

All 3 Parts

Four Lobes of the BrainFRONTAL LOBELocated in front of the central sulcus (grooves).Concerned with reasoning, planning, parts of speech and movement (motor cortex), emotions, and problem-solving.PARIETAL LOBELocated behind the central sulcus (grooves).Concerned with perception of stimuli such as touch, pressure, temperature and pain.TEMPORAL LOBELocated below the lateral sulcus (grooves).Concerned with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli (hearing) and memory (hippocampus).OCCIPITAL LOBELocated at the back of the brain, behind the parietal lobe and temporal lobe.Concerned with many aspects of vision.

Lobes of the Brain

Approximately Locations: Lobes of the Brain

Peripheral Nervous SystemMade up of many nerves that connect the CNS to all parts of the bodyPeripheral nerves carry messages to and from your muscles or organs

Two main parts of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)Somatic system- deals with actions you control (voluntary)Examples- stick your arm out or stick your tongue outAutonomic System- deals with actions you do not usually control. (involuntary)Examples- heartbeat, breathing, digestionPeripheral Nervous System