network approaches to managing complex urban river systems research team: csiro sustainable...
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Network ApproachesNetwork Approachesto Managing Complexto Managing ComplexUrban River SystemsUrban River Systems
Research Team:Research Team:
CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems
CSIRO Land and WaterCSIRO Land and Water
Complex Systems ScienceComplex Systems Science
University of MelbourneUniversity of Melbourne
In collaboration with:In collaboration with:
Swan River TrustSwan River Trust
Regional SettingRegional Setting
Swan region covers 7000 Swan region covers 7000 kmkm22
In addition to the Swan In addition to the Swan and Canning, 6 additional and Canning, 6 additional sub-catchments and sub-catchments and estuaries estuaries 75% nutrients75% nutrients
Dominant surface feature Dominant surface feature is the Swan –Canning is the Swan –Canning Estuary (55 kmEstuary (55 km2)2)
Avon River Basin Avon River Basin (121,000 km(121,000 km22) ) 75% salt 75% salt load; 25% nutrients into load; 25% nutrients into Swan/CanningSwan/Canning
Socio-cultural landscapeSocio-cultural landscape 1.25 million people (70% state population) growing at 1.2% pa1.25 million people (70% state population) growing at 1.2% pa Indigenous presence for over 40,000 yearsIndigenous presence for over 40,000 years high demands on land & water resources forhigh demands on land & water resources for
IndustryIndustry CommerceCommerce ResidentialResidential TransportTransport Lifestyle needsLifestyle needs
Estuarine system has important environmental valuesEstuarine system has important environmental values Significant economic and recreational assetSignificant economic and recreational asset
NRM Goals for the regionNRM Goals for the region Conserve natural diversityConserve natural diversity Ensure acceptable water quantity and quality Ensure acceptable water quantity and quality Improve land conditionImprove land condition Improve management processesImprove management processes
LegislationLegislation statutory processesstatutory processes programs and strategiesprograms and strategies
to be integrated to improve natural resource management to be integrated to improve natural resource management Achieve cultural changeAchieve cultural change
GovernmentGovernment industry andindustry and CommerceCommerce CommunityCommunity individual behaviours individual behaviours
For better understanding and management of the Region’s natural For better understanding and management of the Region’s natural resources resources
Strategic initiativesStrategic initiatives
Swan and Canning River Precinct Swan and Canning River Precinct Planning ProjectPlanning Project
Swan Canning Environmental Protection Swan Canning Environmental Protection Plan (SCEPP)Plan (SCEPP)
Riverplan: a comprehensive management Riverplan: a comprehensive management plan and implementation strategy for plan and implementation strategy for SCEPPSCEPP
Swan River SystemSwan River System
Institutional settingInstitutional setting complex governance arrangementscomplex governance arrangements jurisdictional overlap in responsibilitiesjurisdictional overlap in responsibilities interactive processes that are unclear or difficult to interactive processes that are unclear or difficult to
resolveresolve
Multiple stakeholdersMultiple stakeholders Large number of players / nodesLarge number of players / nodes
Emerging featuresEmerging features
Central questionsCentral questions
Can network theory and associated social Can network theory and associated social analysis be used to solve real world, analysis be used to solve real world, complex NRM problemscomplex NRM problems
Can knowledge about the functionality of Can knowledge about the functionality of the Swan River network be used in the Swan River network be used in planning and for the implementation of the planning and for the implementation of the Swan-Canning EPP by Swan River TrustSwan-Canning EPP by Swan River Trust
Swan River Trust
Department of Environment
Water Corporation
CALM
Department ofAgriculture
Department ofFisheries
Department ofHealth
Local Government
WALGA
Western PowerMain Roads
Department of Planningand Infrastructure
Swan Catchment Council
Avon Catchment Council
landholders
catchment groups/NRMgroups
NGOs
CSIRO
tertiary educationinstitutes
National Trust
Keep AustraliaBeautiful Council
WA Planning Commission
Yacht clubs andMarinas
catchmentmanagement
propertymanagement
natural areamanagement
industry groups
chemicalcontaminants
environmental waterprovisions
waterways salinitymanagement
environmentalprotection provisions
land developmentadvice
land development capabilityand suitability
Seweragein-fill
water efficiency andrecycling
waterconservation
groundwatercontaminants
contaminated sites/acid-sulphate soils
drainage management
drainage review and retro-fit
water sensitive urban design
riparian zone flora and fauna research programs
promote riparian zone flora and fauna managemnet needs
clearing controls for riparian vegetation
biodiversity guidelines*
vegetation surveys - bush forever sites
biodiversity inventories and management plans
assessment of formal biodiversity partnership arrangements
River foreshore condition assessment
exotic species control strategies
Fremantle Port
incentive schemes to manage riparianvegetation
investment strategies for incentive schemes
increased corridore planting with local species
precinct policy plans
litter strategy
river use/recreation strategy
recreation grassed area drainage plans
river microbiological status and reduction plans
water licence conditions
water licence fees and management
water resource allocation plans
EMS for Yacht clubs and Marinas
manage boat wash, wake, noise & speed
sustainable fishing and compliance
education on sustainable fishing practices
fish stock/habitat enhancement
investigate algal blooms and fish ecology
The Riverplan network The Riverplan network – what does it show?– what does it show?
High interconnectivity of systemHigh interconnectivity of system ComplexityComplexity Identification of both highly connected and Identification of both highly connected and
peripheral agency roles in Riverplanperipheral agency roles in Riverplan
A very complicated system!A very complicated system!
The Riverplan networkThe Riverplan network
Due to high level of complexityDue to high level of complexity Focus on a specific Swan River management Focus on a specific Swan River management
issue: issue: developmentdevelopment and and river amenityriver amenity Conversion of Riverplan network into formal Conversion of Riverplan network into formal
models and preliminary analysismodels and preliminary analysis Semi-structured interview questions developed Semi-structured interview questions developed
and tested - to provide network information for and tested - to provide network information for this issue setthis issue set
Data collection from core ‘Riverplan’ agenciesData collection from core ‘Riverplan’ agencies
Prisoner’s DilemmaPrisoner’s Dilemma
Tension between Tension between interest groups along interest groups along the Swan Riverthe Swan River
Organisational links of any Organisational links of any responsibilityresponsibility
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Organisational links of any Organisational links of any responsibilityresponsibility
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
CrucialCrucial Ties: “Implementing Ties: “Implementing Policy”Policy”
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Crucial Ties: “Legislative Crucial Ties: “Legislative Initiatives”Initiatives”
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Crucial Ties: “Developing Crucial Ties: “Developing Policy”Policy”
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Very Important but Difficult TiesVery Important but Difficult Ties
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Very Important but Difficult Ties: Very Important but Difficult Ties:
“Implementing Policy”“Implementing Policy”
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Very Important but Difficult Ties: Very Important but Difficult Ties: “Legislative Initiatives”“Legislative Initiatives”
Red=respondent; Yellow=non-respondent
Very Important but Difficult Ties: Very Important but Difficult Ties: “Developing Policy”“Developing Policy”
Lattice Models.Lattice Models.
155 multiplex ties, each involving up to 14 areas of 155 multiplex ties, each involving up to 14 areas of responsibilityresponsibility
Lattice representation of array for 155 ties Lattice representation of array for 155 ties 14 areas 14 areas
In the lattice:In the lattice: Node size indicates no. of edges with fitted profileNode size indicates no. of edges with fitted profile A node corresponding to one or more multiplex ties is at or A node corresponding to one or more multiplex ties is at or
above all of the areas in its (fitted) profileabove all of the areas in its (fitted) profile An area is at or below all multiplex ties which include it in their An area is at or below all multiplex ties which include it in their
(fitted) profiles(fitted) profiles One area is below another if responsibility for the first entails One area is below another if responsibility for the first entails
responsibility for the second in the set of fitted profilesresponsibility for the second in the set of fitted profiles