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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication Sang-Sun Lee Hanyang University Ubiquitous Communications Research Lab. 2008. 06. 25

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Page 1: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB

Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication

Sang-Sun Lee

Hanyang University

Ubiquitous Communications

Research Lab.

2008. 06. 25

Page 2: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20081(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

INDEX

Map Based (GSR, A-STAR, VADD, CAR)Map Based (GSR, A-STAR, VADD, CAR)

Introduction of Inter-Vehicle CommunicationsIntroduction of Inter-Vehicle Communications

Inter-Vehicle Routing ProtocolsInter-Vehicle Routing Protocols

Contention Based (CBF, BLR)Contention Based (CBF, BLR)

C2C-CC / SAFESPOT / VII / VMCC2C-CC / SAFESPOT / VII / VMC

Trends of VANET Projects and StandardsTrends of VANET Projects and Standards

Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET

Routing protocols of Inter-Vehicle communicationRouting protocols of Inter-Vehicle communication

CALMCALM

Broadcast Based (DDB, LORA-CBF, LCN, LPG)Broadcast Based (DDB, LORA-CBF, LCN, LPG)

Page 3: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20082(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Introduction of Inter-Vehicle CommunicationsIntroduction of Inter-Vehicle Communications

Page 4: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20083(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VANET의 주요한 목적은 차량 탑승자에게 안전 및 편리함을 제공하는 것

협의 관점에서 보면 ….VANET을 통해 충돌경고, 노변신호 알림, 교통상황정보 등의 운전시 매우 중요한 정보 제공

광의 … 또한, 각종 멀티미디어 전송, 인터넷 서비스 그리고 톨게이트 및 주차장 자동요금징수 등의 서비스가 VANET을 통해 제공이 가능

VANET의 주요 특징

각 차량 장치(OBE) 간(V2V) 통신

고속의 이동성 환경에서 Multi-hop 통신을 통한 Networking

다양한 환경에서 Multi-hop 경로 설정을 위한 Routing Protocol

What is VANET?

Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET

VANET(Vehicular Ad-hoc Network)은 고속의 이동성을 지원하는

MANET(Mobile Ad-hoc Network)의 한 형태

Page 5: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20084(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Routing Protocol of VANET

특징

GPS를 통한 노드의 위치 획득

네트워크 토폴로지 변화가 아주 빠르고 빈번함(Dynamic)

Multi-hop routing은 차량의 밀도에 의존

차량의 이동 Pattern(속도 및 방향)이 도로를 따라 정해진 이동경로를 가짐

Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20085(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Routing Protocol of VANET요구사항

노드들의 고속 이동성(Mobility), 노드 밀도(Density) 및 Topology들의 잦은 변화 등 고유적

인 속성과 특수한 상황을 고려할 수 있어야 함

Network의 빈번한 분할 및 결합에 대처할 수 있어야함

짧은 통신 지속 시간(Duration)에도 통신 가능

종단간 메시지 전달 지연 시간 및 Network 부하의 최소화가 필요함

Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET

Frequent network partitioning

short communication duration

Page 7: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20086(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols

Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication

DDB

LORA-CBF

LCN

LPG

GSR

A-STAR

VADD

CAR

CBF

BLR

Routing Protocols for Vehicle Ad Hoc

Wireless Networks

Contention based forwarding

Map based geographic routing

Broadcasting and Multicasting

Protocol Specification

Page 8: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20087(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Mobility

[Density] Number of Node(s)

Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols

Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication

Characteristics for Routing Protocols

A-STAR

L P GL C N

Broadcast based

Contention based

Map based

C B F

B L R

LORA-CBF

VADD

C A R

D D B

Paper 분석을 통한 추측 데이터

G S R

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20088(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Technical of Inter-Vehicle Routing Technical of Inter-Vehicle Routing

Page 10: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20089(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Contention-Based Forwarding Protocol

< Timer-Based Contention >

Contention Based Forwarding Protocol(CBF)

Contention Based (CBF, BLR)Contention Based (CBF, BLR)

source

Next hop

destination

AssumptionLocation-based routing protocol (all nodes knows position of neighborhood nodes)Source node knows Destination nodesTimer-based Contention

ProcedureThe forwarding node transmits the packet as a single hop broadcast to all neighborsThe neighbors compete with each other for the “right” to forward the packetDuring the contention period, a node determines how well it is suited as a next hop for the packetThe node that wins the contention suppresses the other nodes andthus establishes itself as the next forwarding nodes

CharacteristicCBF can provide significant bandwidth savings without beacon messagesThat achieves a higher packet delivery ratio than all other schemes due to packet duplication using the suppression algorithm

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200810(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Assumption

Nodes are aware of their own position by means of GPS

Source have known destination’s location information

All nodes have known [Max_delay] and maximum transmission radius r

Procedure

Receivers confirm whether are located within specific area or outside.

The node computes the shortest DFD forwards the packet first.

Data packets are broadcasted and just one of the receiving nodes forwards the packets

Specification

BLR does not require nodes to periodically broadcast beacon.

Not use neighbor’s position and existence

Contention based forwarding Protocol

Beacon-Less Routing Protocol (BLR)

Contention Based (CBF, BLR)Contention Based (CBF, BLR)

source

destination

Shortest DFD

< Using a DFD >

r

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200811(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Map based geographic routing Protocol

Geographic Source Routing Protocol (GSR)Assumption

Each node knows its position

Each node knows its neighbor’s position via beacon

Sending node knows current position of destination

Procedure

The path between source and destination is determined by a Dijkstra shortest path calculation

The path is a set of sequence of junctions

Specification

Forwarding a packet between 2 successive junctions is done on the basis of greedy forwarding

Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)

Page 13: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200812(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Map based geographic routing Protocol

Anchor-based Street and Traffic Aware Protocol (A-STAR)

1

2

3

Assumption

All of the nodes are either aware of their location by GPS

All nodes have bus route information

source node includes into into each packet a route vector composed of a list of anchors or fixed geographic point.

“Traffic” herein refers to vehicular traffic

Procedure

A source node selects A destination.

Anchor paths is establish by destination.(using the bus route information)

Forwarding a packet to a neighbor that is closest to the next anchor point after path discorvery

Specification

The novel use of city bus route information to identify anchor paths of higher connectivity

A potential routing strategy for metropolis vehicular communications.

very scalable with respect to the size of the network

Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)

Page 14: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200813(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Map based geographic routing ProtocolVehicle-Assisted Data Delivery in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VADD)

?? AA BB

DDCC

Move outside intersection radius

IntersectionMode

Straight WayMode

DestinationMode

Move into intersection radius

Move into destination area

Move intodestination area

Fig.1. Find a path to the coffee shop

Fig.2. The transition modes in VADD

Assumption

A vehicle knows its location by triangulation or GPS device

Vehicles are equipped with pre-loaded digital maps, which provide street-level map and traffic statistics such as traffic density on roads at different times of the day.

Procedure’B If User(red car) want to send a request to the coffee shop(to

reserve a sandwich). To forward the request through ‘A’->’C’->’D’->’B’ would be faster than through ‘A’->’B’, even though the latter provides geographically shortest possible path.(Fig.1)

The reason is that in case of disconnection, the packet has to be carried by the vehicle, who moving speed is significantly slower than the wireless communication.

There are 3 modes(Intersection, Strait Way, Destination) in VADD.

Characteristic

VADD use of the predicable vehicle mobility, which is limited by the traffic pattern and road layout.

Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)

Page 15: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200814(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Map based geographic routing Protocol

Connectivity-Aware Routing(CAR)Assumption

Each node knows its position and velocity vector

Each node has its neighbor table via HELLO beacon

Sending node knows current position of destination

Procedure

When the broadcast finally reaches its destination, the destination node has the whole path to the source node recorded as a set of intermediate anchor points

Data is forwarded to neighbor closest to the next anchor point

Path maintenance by using Guard

Guard helps to track the current position of a destination node

Specification

Low overhead by adaptive beaconing

Guard help adjusting the connected path without new path discoveries even if the end point nodes change their moving speed and/or directions

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200815(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Assumption

All of the nodes are either aware of their location by GPS

DDB calculate AC(Additional covered area) within node’s range

Procedure

Specification

Stateless and completely localized

Don’t have any overhead

Highly scalable dynamic networks

Aims at reducing the number of overall transmissions to deliver the packet

Resolve the problem of the power consumption and extending the network lifetime

Map based geographic routing ProtocolDynamic Delayed Broadcasting (DDB)

Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)

Page 17: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200816(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Broadcast and Multicast Protocol

Location Routing Algorithm with Cluster-Based Flooding

Neighbour sensingDetect the neighbour nodes with which it has a direct link.Periodically broadcasts a Hello message

Each cluster head maintains a “Cluster Table”Address and geographic locations of the member and gateway

When a source attempts to send a data to destinationIt first checks its routing table and then it send the packet to the closest neighbor

Cluster Head

Cluster Member

GatewayCluster3Cluster4

Cluster2Cluster1

Page 18: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200817(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Cluster Head(CH)Send a Hello message. If node doesn’t receive a Hello message, it’ll be Cluster Head.

Broadcast and Multicast Protocol

Formation of Clusters

Cluster Head Cluster Member GatewayUndecide

Cluster MemberSend a Hello message. If node receive a Hello message of CH, it’ll be member of the CHGatewayIf the node was member receive a Hello message of other CH, it’ll be gateway.If the gateway receive a Hello message of Cluster Head and expired gateway timer, it’ll become member of the Cluster Head.

Cluster Head Cluster Member Gateway

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200818(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Least Common Neighbor Protocol (LCN)

A self-determining selection strategy processing

each vehicle manages its own neighbor list by overhearing or periodic “hello” broadcasting

a vehicle confronted with an emergency event sends a CW(Collision Warning) along with its

neighbor list

the vehicle which has the least common neighbor among the receiving vehicles is selected to

a re-broadcasting node by deferring time

(number of common node * time unit + random time (time unit > random time))

Feature

Reduce forwarding packets with decreasing the number of nodes to attempt forward

Broadcasting and Multicasting Protocol

Broadcast Based (NB, IBroadcast Based (NB, I--BIA, DBB, LORABIA, DBB, LORA--CBF, LCN, LPG)CBF, LCN, LPG)

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200819(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Multi, Broadcast routing Protocol

LPG(Local Peer Group)절차

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200820(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

특성

• Generic broadcast can not provide the stringent VSC requirements

(no group : messages flooding everywhere ⇒ with group : message are under control)

• Need to deliver relevant emergency message very quickly and efficiently in such vehicle group and stop message at group boundary

• Proposed two LPG approaches to organize neighboring vehicles(Stationary LPG, Dynamic LPG)

• No performance evaluation

Stationary LPG Dynamic LPG

Multi, Broadcast routing Protocol

LPG(Local Peer Group)

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200821(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Protocols characteristic

Greedy Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio

Suppression Algorithm을 통한 Packet 중복 방지

Beacon 미사용, Handshake 과정이 없어 낮은 Latency 보장CBF

Network의 Density가 낮고 빠른 mobility 환경에 적합

LAR1 Protocol 과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio, 낮은 end-to-end delay

Zone 을 형성하는 LAR1 은 높은 mobility 환경 에서 path break 발생률 높음

Beacon 미사용과 DFD 알고리즘을 통해 낮은 delay 와 높은 throughput 보장

BLR

빠른 mobility 환경에 적합

Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols

Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication

Result (Reference Paper)_Contention Based

Page 23: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200822(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Protocols characteristic

AODV, DSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio

3가지 route recovery를 상용하여 높은 연결성GSR도심지 환경에서 유리

GPSR, GSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio

Bus route information을 사용하여 더 높은 연결성을 보장하는 경로를 선택가능A-STAR도심지 환경에서 유리

DSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio

여러 교차로가 존재하는 환경에서 각 경로에 대한 Delay를 비교 계산하여 가장 효율이 좋은 교차로방향을 경로로 설정 네트워크 패스를 구성VADD

교차로가 있는 토폴로지 상황에서 더 높은 전송 효율을 나타냄

GPSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio

Guard node로 인하여 목적지 노드의 이동성으로 인한 경로 손실을 보안CAR 교차로가 많은 환경에서 유리

Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols

Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication

Result (Reference Paper)_Map Based

Page 24: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200823(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Protocols characteristicLocation-Based Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio

Additional Covered area(AC)를 통한 Packet 전달 중복 방지

Control frame 미사용으로 네트워크 내에서 패킷 효율성 증가DDB

토폴로지 구성에 따른 제약 없이 빠른 mobility 환경에 적합

차량 환경에서 AODV, DSR과 비교시 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio을 가지고 홉수가 높아 지더라도Packet Delivery Ratio가 일정함

주기적인 이웃 센싱을 수행하지만 홉수가 늘어나더라도 라우팅 오버헤드의 변화량이 일정함

클러스터 내에 노드가 들어오면 해당 클러스터 및 다른 클러스터의 모든 노드 정보를 알 수 있음

LORA-CBF

Density가 높은 환경에서 홉수의 변화에도 성능유지-Route discovery time, Routing overhead 등

Navie directional flooding protocol 과 비교 -> effective Packet Delivery

Gather neighbor information by hearing packets or exchanging hello message

중복하여 전송하는 패킷의 수가 적기 때문에 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있음LCN

단일방향에서 많은 수의 차들이 주행하는 토폴로지 환경에 적합

Reference 논문이 Concept 논문으로 실증 비교 과정이 없음

위상관리를 위한 주기적인 위치 교환방법 및 Local Peer 그룹 헤더를 선출하는 방법을 정의하지 않음

차량 사이의 메시지 전송 범위와 방향을 컨트롤하기 위해 그룹을 형성LPG

그룹 내의 차량에게 돌발상황 메시지의 빠르고 능률적인 전달이 가능

Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols

Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication

Result (Reference Paper)_Broadcast and Multicast

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200824(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Project/Standard Trend of VANETProject/Standard Trend of VANET

Page 26: Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf · 2012-05-09 · Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB Networking for Inter-Vehicle

Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200825(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Telematics/ITS 기술 및 표준 개발 동향

USA VII

VSCCICAS

AHSRAAVS3

Japan

Telematics/ITS

CVISGST

EASIS

Prevent

CarTALK2000 COOPERSSafespot

eSafetySupport

SEVECOM

Europe

Standardization

ISO

IEEECEN ETSI

FrequencyRegulation

ITUCEPT

NationalProjects

AIDA

Invent

INFONEBBIAFleetNet

NOW

Stakeholders

InsuranceSuppl.

Veh.ManufTelco

Road

Legislation

States

Member

eSafetyFORUM

C2C-CC

COMeSafety

Korea CVHS

UTISAVI/ERI

WISDOMe-Call/ACN

Hi-Pass BIS

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200826(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VANET 프로젝트 동향

프로젝트 명 수행기간 국가 특징

CVIS(Cooperative Vehicle-

Infrastructure System)

2006 ~ 2010 유럽

▪ 무선통신을 통한 실시간 교통정보 및 차량정보를 수집하여 위치기반 정보를 제공▪ 통신기술 : CALM, 802.11p, 등▪ 제공서비스- 도시 : 차량정보 수집 및 교통 관리, 유동적인 버스 차선 관리- 고속도로 및 외부도로 : 여행자 정보제공, 위험경고신호- 화물 및 주차 : 위험 화물 정보 관리, 주차정보 알림

Cartalk 2000 2001 ~ 2004 유럽

▪ 차량간 차량의 Ad-hoc통신을 통해 운전자에게 운행안전 정보 및필요 정보 제공▪ 통신기술 : UMTS, GPS▪ 제공서비스- 센서를 이용한 차량 주행 안전 시스템 제공- 차량간 통신을 통한 주행 안전정보 제공

Safespot 2006 ~ 현재 유럽

▪ European Commission Information Society technologies의 6th Framework program 중 하나인 협력 프로젝트임▪ 통신기술 : 802.11p, CALM, 등

Watch-Over 2006 ~ 현재 유럽

▪ European Commission Information Society technologies의 협력 프로젝트이며, 도로상의 보행자 사고를 줄이기 위한 목표로 진행중임▪ 통신기술 : 802.15.4, RFID, UWB(ultra Wide Band Radio)

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200827(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VANET 프로젝트 동향

프로젝트 명 수행기간 국가 특징

FleetNet 2000~2003 유럽

▪ 차량간 애드혹 네트워크 통신을 통해 차량간 센서데이터의 교환등으로 상호협력적인 Driver-Assistance Application의 개발이목적임▪ 제공서비스- 사고방지를 위한 도로위 정지차량의 존재를 경보함(Decentralized floating car data service)- 유저간 통신을 위한 어플리케이션을 제공함

C2C-CC - 유럽

▪ 무선랜 기반의 차량간 통신시스템의 표준화를 목적으로 결성되었으며, Active safety application의 프로토타입 개발과C2C 시스템구현을 위한 주파수 할당을 목표로 진행중▪통신기술 : IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/p PHY/MAC 기반

NOW(Network on

Wheels)2004~2008

유럽(독일)

▪ 무선랜 기술을 기초로 한 차량간 통신시스템 개발이 목적이며, 차량간 통신프로토콜, 보안이슈 및 자동차간 통신시스템용 부품개발을 목표로 하고 있음▪ 통신기술 : IEEE 802.11a,b 와 IPV6 기반▪ 제공서비스- 도로상태 및 교통정보를 수집하여 차량간 제공

Willwarn - 유럽

▪ 유럽의 도로안전 연구 프로젝트인 PreVENT의 하부 프로젝트임▪ 통신기술 : 802.11 a/p 를 기반으로 연구▪ 제공서비스- 잠재적으로 위험한 상황을 운전자에게 경고함으로 사고를 미연에방지함

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200828(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VANET 프로젝트 동향

프로젝트 명 수행기간 국가 특징

Inter-Vehicular

communication(IVC)- 유럽

▪ 멀티홉 라우팅을 통한 차량간 통신을 위한 목표 프로젝트를 진행중임▪ 제공서비스- 운전자의 안전운행을 위한 운전자 정보를 제공함

Sevecom 2007~ 유럽

▪ 차량간 통신을 이용한 서비스들의 보안을 위해 만들어진 프로젝트이며, 채널, 데이터, Telematics Control Unit들에 대한 공격을방지하기 위한 인증 연구 및 아키텍처와 보안메커니즘의specification을 위한연구를 진행하고 있음

VII - 미국

• VII는 통신 기술을 이용하여 도로상의 교통인프라와 차량간의 통신체계를 통합• 교통신호 등을 보다 효율적으로 최적화 할 수 있게 되어 교통 정체해소 및 운전자 안전 확보 가능

VMC - 한국

• 고속의 이동 환경최대 200Km/h• 잦은 토폴로지 변화

- Ad-hoc network- 짧은 통신 시간으로 인해 handshaking 과정 축소• 주로 차량 안전 관련 메시지 송수신

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200829(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Scenario of C2C-CC (VANET)

Draft reference architecture

Special kinds of MANETs, supporting both safety and non-safety applications

Single, short-range dedicated technology (802.11p draft) in basic systems

Additional technologies (especially 802.11) in extended systems

Peculiarities:

High mobility

Large number of nodes

Costs restrictions to allow for high deployability

Internet-based applications

Beneficial for safety purposes

Fundamental for non-safety purposes

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200830(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

C2C-CC System Architecture

Protocol architecture of the C2C Communication System

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200831(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VII(Vehicle Infrastructure Integration)

VII의 개요

VII는 통신 기술을 이용하여 도로상의 교통인프라와 차량간의 통신체계를 통합

교통신호 등을 보다 효율적으로 최적화 할 수 있게 되어 교통 정체 해소 및 운전

자 안전 확보 가능

응용 분야 응용 예

교통 및 고속도로 운영 통행, 날씨 및 노면 상태 파악

차내 통행 정보 다양한 경로 검색 및 안내

사건 발생시 즉시 응답 및 자동 사건 상황

평가

교차로 충돌 방지 및 경보차량 사고

전방 차량 충돌 방지 경보

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200832(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VII(Vehicle Infrastructure Integration)

32

C2C-CC/SAFESPOT

ucrl.hanayang.ac.kr

[교차로 충돌 방지 및 경보 시스템]

N o D e d ica ted tu rn s igna ls

N o D ed ica ted tu rn s ig na ls

Le ft tu rn a nd th roug h s ig na ls

Le ft tu rn a nd th roug h s ig na ls

X

Lane C en te rline

In te rsec tion L oca tionX

X

X

X

X

S topp ing Loca tion X

In te rsec tion ID : 23 983

1 2

3

4

5

6 7

10

9

8

Lane ID 5

Vehicle A

Vehicle B

V2I(OBE-RSE)

V2V(OBE-OBE)

[전방 차량 충돌 방지 시스템]

5.9GHz DSRCmessages

• Radar FOV

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200833(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VMC 통신 요소 기술 개발고속의 이동 환경

최대 200Km/h

Wi-Fi, WIBRO는 속도의 제한

잦은 토폴로지 변화Ad-hoc network

짧은 통신 시간으로 인해 handshaking 과정 축소

Link Setup 시간이 작아야 한다.

주로 차량 안전 관련 메시지 송수신

VMC(Vehicle Multi-hop Communication)

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200834(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

VMC 통신 요소 기술 개발

차량 안전 메시지 방송 서비스실시간 차량 정보 수집 및 멀티홉 통신 서비스

차량 안전 메시지 방송 서비스실시간 차량 정보 수집 및 멀티홉 통신 서비스

VMC(Vehicle Multi-hop Communication)

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200835(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

CALM / WAVE

ISO TC204 WG 16 : CALMCALM 구성

Individual Application

Application IF

Upper layer

Lower layer

SWG 16.5 eCall

Application Core function

SWG 16.2CALM NetworkCALM LL-SAPs

SWG 16.1CALM Medium

SWG 16.5

eCall

SWG 16.4Application

management

SWG 16.3Probe data

SWG16.0

Com

munic

atio

n

Dedicated short range communication

Medium areaCommunication

Wide areaCommunication

CALM

arc

hite

ctu

re

CALM

SWG 16.6CALM Fast

Ad hoc Sub-System

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200836(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

CALM fast architecture

ISO TC204 WG 16.6 : CALM Ad-hoc sub-system

Interface Management Entity (IME)

IPv6

CALM Management Entity (CME) / Session and Upper Layer

OEM Interface

Others including.

positioning & broadcast RX

M-SA

P

SNMP / UPNP

T-SAP

M-SAP

Cable LAN Modem

IPv6

C-SAP

CALM Communications Unit (CCU)

Network Management Entity (NME)

SAP

Man

agem

entI n

form

ati o

nB

ase

(MI B

)&

Man

ag e

men

tIn

t raco

mm

unic

ation

s

Service / ApplicationInitialization Management

Cable LAN Modem

Predicted FAST

FAST

C-SAP

T-SAP

SAP

Network and Transport Layer

Physical and Data Link Layer

UDP

Primitive functions

CALM-MAIL

15628DSRC

NCP LPCP

Local Port

ProtocolCALM FACE

CALM FACE

CALM FACE including C2C-CC applications

CALM

C2C

-C

Capplic

ations

CALM

basic

applic

ations

T-SAP

CALM / WAVE

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200837(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

The STA is broadcasted in the Vehicle Service Advertisement Frame (VSAF)

Service Advertisement / Response Frame (RSAF / VSAF)

ISO TC204 WG 16.6 : CALM Ad-hoc sub-system

CALM / WAVE

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200838(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

summary

VANET환경에서의 Multi-hop Communication을 위한 Routing Protocol

Contention based forwarding, Map based geographic routing, Broadcasting and

Multicasting

Protocol Specification

Characteristics for Routing Protocols

VANET 관련 국내/외 프로젝트 동향

유럽 : C2C-CC (Car 2 Car-Communication Consortium)

미국 : VII (Vehicle Infrastructure Integration)

국내 : VMC (Vehicle Multi-hop Communication)

VANET에 관한 표준화

CALM 16.6 Fast Ad-hoc sub-system

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Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200839(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])

Q & A

감사합니다!