networks. network classifications acronyms, acronyms, and more acronyms what does pan stand for? –...
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Networks
Network ClassificationsAcronyms, acronyms, and more acronyms
• What does PAN stand for?– Personal Area Network – interconnection of
personal digital devices• typically involve a mobile computer, cell phone, and/or
a handheld computing device• might be connected via USB or FireWire or bluetooth
PAN
Network ClassificationsAcronyms, acronyms, and more acronyms
• What does LAN stand for?– Local Area Network – usually connects computers
in a single building• examples: a networked office building or a school
LAN
Network ClassificationsAcronyms, acronyms, and more acronyms
• What does MAN stand for?– Metropolitan Area Network – public high-speed
network with range of about 50 miles• typically owned/operated by a single entity such as a
government body or large corporation
MAN
Network ClassificationsAcronyms, acronyms, and more acronyms
• What does NAN stand for?– Neighborhood Area Network – connectivity
spread over several buildings• service area smaller than metropolitan, larger than
local area networks
Network ClassificationsAcronyms, acronyms, and more acronyms
• What does WAN stand for?– Wide Area Network – consists of several smaller
networks• example: internet• generally not owned by a single organization, but
instead exist under collective or distributed ownership/management
WAN
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LAN Standards LAN technologies are standardized by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Project 802 – Local Network Standards– IEEE 802.3– Ethernet
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Network Devices Each connection point on a network is referred to as a node
To connect to a LAN, a computer requires network circuitry, sometimes referred to as a network interface card (NIC)
A networked peripheral, or network-enabled peripheral, is any device that contains network circuitry to directly connect to a network
A network device, or network appliance, is any electronic device that broadcasts network data, boosts signals, or routes data to its destination
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NICIntel EXPI9301CTBLK 10/ 100/ 1000Mbps PCI-Express
Network Adapter 1 x RJ45
NICVisionTek Bigfoot Killer 2100 Gaming Network Card
Killer™ 2100 is up to 10x faster than other NICs
5 Network Devices
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Clients, Servers, and Peers Network devices can function as clients or as servers
– Application server– File server– Print server
Networks that include one or more servers can operate in client/server mode
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Physical Topology The arrangement of devices in a network is referred to as its physical
topology– Star– Ring– Bus– Mesh– Tree
Two similar networks can be connected by a device called a bridge
Gateway is a generic term for any device or software code used to join two networks
Star Topology
One of the most common topologies
Advantages:
-prevents the passing of data packets through an excessive number of nodes
-as the central hub is the bottleneck, increasing its capacity, or connecting additional devices to it, increases the size of the network very easily
-easy to understand
Star Topology
Disadvantages:
-High dependence of the system on the functioning of the central hub
-Failure of the central hub renders the network inoperable
-Network size is limited by the number of connections that can be made to the hub
Ring Topology
Topology in which each node connects to exactly two other nodes
Advantage:
-Generally performs better than a bus topology under heavy network load
Ring Topology
Disadvantages:
-One malfunctioning workstation can create problems for the entire network
-Moves, adds and changes of devices can affect the network
Bus Topology
Topology in which a set of clients are connected via a shared communication line
Advantages:
-Easy to implement
-Cheaper than other topologies
-Well-suited for temporary or small networks not requiring high speeds
Bus Topology
Disadvantages:
-If there is a problem with the cable the entire network breaks down
-Performance degrades as additional computers are added or on heavy traffic
-Commonly has a slower data transfer rate than other topologies
Mesh Topology
Topology in which each computer and network devices are interconnected
Advantage:
-Possible to transmit data from one node to many other nodes at the same time
Mesh Topology
Disadvantage:
-Redundant connections can be expensive
Tree Topology
Also known as a hierarchical network
Advantage:
-Point-to-point wiring for individual segments
Tree Topology
Disadvantage:
-More difficult to configure and wire than other topologies
How have networks changed our lives?
For better?
For worse?
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LAN Advantages LANs enable people to work together
Sharing networked software can reduce costs
Sharing data on a LAN can increase productivity
Sharing networked hardware can reduce costs
Sharing networked hardware can provide access to a wide range of services and specialized peripheral devices
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LAN Challenges Resources become unavailable when network malfunctions
Networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access– More vulnerable than standalone computers
Wireless networks can be tapped from a “snooping” computer
Networked computers are susceptible to an increasing number of worms, Trojan horses, and blended threats
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LAN Parties A LAN party is a gathering
of people who connect their own computers to a LAN, usually to play multiplayer computer games– No special hardware
usually is required– Game must have
multiplayer capability
Name that topology!
Tree
Name that topology!
Ring
Name that topology!
Bus
Name that topology!
Mesh
Name that topology!
Star
What does MAN stand for?
Metropolitan Area Network
What does NAN stand for?
Neighborhood Area Network
What does LAN stand for?
Local Area Network
What does WAN stand for?
Wide Area Network
What does PAN stand for?
Personal Area Network