nevada; vegetated swales and buffers: low impact development in northern nevada - university of...

8/3/2019 Nevada; Vegetated Swales and Buffers: Low Impact Development in Northern Nevada - University of Nevada

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Nonpoint Education for Municipal Officials

Protecting water quality through community planning

ow Impact Development (LID) is a sustainable approach to stormwater management that minimizes

y. V b y LID y . Ty y b

k , b, y . I z b

and a swale.

Low Impact Development in Northern

Nevada: Vegetated Swales and Buffers

Ditches are excavated channels

that are constructed to convey

.

Ditches are not constructed to

qy b.

Swales,

b, , y-

sloped vegetated open channels

,

out stormwater pollutants and

.

Ty b

b ( LID

N N: B,

FS-09-25) b

y

.

A

, by

. T

sediments and pollutants to drop

out and be processed by the

plants and soil. Some stormwater

k by

, , x

LID ,

provides groundwater recharge.

S

, b

Fact Sheet FS-09-26

By Susan Donaldson, W Qy E S

UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION

L

Cy © 2009, Uy

N C Ex.

All rights reserved.

Benets of Swalesand Buffers

n FILTER stormwater

n TRAP

pollutants

n SLOW stormwater

n REDUCE soil erosion

n SAVE money by

,

n PROVIDE

www.unce.unr.edu/nemo

This grassy swale inCarson City

receives and inltratesrunoff from the

parking lot.

S u s a n D o n a l d s o n

C h r i s C o n w a y



pipes. Vegetated swales are most

overall site design and can be used

landscaping requirements.

T

,

b b

100

b b 0.5 2.5

. I

, k b

2.5

channel slope. With increasing

,

. S

can be designed to incorporate

x ,

,

they can be constructed at the

, k

. Py

, y, q

.

S y

b ,

q . I

-

, q

b.

I N,

as dry stream channels with

k

b ,

b

stormwater treatment.

Bufer strips,

b, y

landscaping installed between or

. S

k, y

,

y

b

.

A b

located between a lawn and any

can be watered without the use

k. O, b

b b y k .

I y ,

been constructed to drain to the

k . I

, b

two purposes: it will capture

overspray and interrupt any

.

B

-

q

. Ty

be installed over soils that have

q (

LID in Northern Nevada: Soil

C, FS-09-23)

b

x

4 . T

b b

z ,

but should spread out across

b

xz .

F , -

,

y b

y b .

n Low Impact Development in Northern Nevada: Vegetated Swales and Buffers

For a descripon of

various Low Impact

Development pracces,

Fact Sheets in the “Low

Impact Development in

Northern Nevada” series:

LID: An Introducon, FS-09-22

Soil Consideraons, FS-09-23

Rainwater Harvesng,

FS-09-24

Bioretenon, FS-09-25

Vegetated Swales and

Buers, FS-09-26

Green Roofs, FS-09-27

Plant Materials, FS-09-28

Porous Pavement, FS-09-29

Roadway and Parking

Lot Design, FS-09-30

Maintenance, FS-09-31

Ditches lack vegetation to help lter pollutants and stabilize soils.




T

b x

k y

the new lawn edge to create

b. F

,

,

areas are virtually impossible to

k

.

R ,

x y

, y

k , ,

k .P b

k

. Sb

-- .

I b

4 ,

to create gently sloping areas that

y

.

Maintenance

Grassy swales need standard

,

, b,

. M

4 to 6 inches high to avoid

drought stress and decrease

. M

b j

demands while avoiding seepage

. Ay

48

hours to avoid mosquito breeding.

M b

b, y

,

Low Impact Development in Northern Nevada: Vegetated Swales and Buffers n

For addional detailed

planning and design

informaon,

Tk M

Low Impact DevelopmentHbk Tk

M S C

D M b

www.tmstormwater.com.

It’s very difcult to avoid overspray and runoff when sloping lawns end at the sidewalk or the street (top photo). It’s especially difcult to use sprinklers to irrigate small areas such as this onewithout creating runoff. Often, much water is wasted. Buffers canbe constructed between the sidewalk and lawn (bottom photo).Select low-water-use plants that can be irrigated using dripsystems to save money, as well as decrease runoff.

Buffers can

save water by

decreasing

runoff and

overspray



Plants for vegetated swales and buer strips should meet the

following criteria:

n N -

n Low water use

n L z q

n M

n A

P z

b b . T b

b . H, q

, z ,

y . Dy

b 4 6

x .

S LID N N: P M, FS-09-28,

LID ,

b , .../.

Plants for vegetated swales and buers

Good places for swales

and buers

n Along streets and highwa

n Within street medians

n Within and along the

k

n A



n Low Impact Development in Northern Nevada: Vegetated Swales and Buffers

, ,

. P

b q,

. R

repair eroded areas as needed.

T

, z

should be minimized in vegetated

b . T

z

, -

plant species with minimal

z q. A

z,

y , ’

z x.

T -

species will also allow minimal

. U ,

b -

pulling to control weeds.

Technical review provided

by Chris Conway, Cered

Professional in Sediment

and Erosion Control.

Some swales are lined with rock and have limited plant material. This makes it more difcult to removeaccumulated sediment, and decreases pollutant processing by plants. Primary benets include water retention/ inltration and sediment removal.

Rock-lined swales remove sediment, limit plant fltration

M e l o d y H e f n e r

LID is used because it is:

EFFECTIVE in reducing and

b ;

ECONOMICAL , when

q LID

;

SIMPLE!

M LID

y ,

x b;

FLEXIBLE and customized

;

USEFUL in achieving

bj:

,

b,

b ,

y,

.;

DESIRABLE, because it

adds value when the

to achieve LID goals

y

. T

property values.

Addional informaon about vegetated swales and buers can be found at:

n U.S. E P Ay, 1999, S Ty F S, V S,

832-F-99-006, ..//b/.

n LID S T NPDES P II C, V S,

../2/.

n C S BMP Hbk, N D R, V S,

TC-30, .bbk./D/D/TC-30.

Cy © 2009, Uy N C Ex. A . N b y b, , b, , , y, y, y by

y , , y, b y. T Uy N, R Eq Ey Oy/A A y b , , , x, , , , , y

by, x y y . T Uy N y y US z y z k U S.

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