255Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44 (3), 2005, 255-262. Modena, 30 novembre 2005

ISSN 0375-7633

INTRODUCTION

During the past three decades paleontologicalinvestigations and accurate sampling of Siluriansections, carried out by a team of the Dipartimento delMuseo di Paleobiologia e dell’Orto Botanico (Universitàdi Modena e Reggio Emilia), have supplied a richcollection of fossils including phyllocarid remains. Someof these specimens were illustrated twenty years agoby Gnoli & Serpagli (1984). However, the mostimportant discovery on this topic is due to Hamman etal. (1990) who demonstrated that the “phyllocarids”of the so called «phyllocarid beds of Taricco (1922)»actually belong to «an unusual trilobite-like arthropod»named Tariccoia arrusensis, later regarded as a truetrilobite of the Nectaspida Order (Hamman & Leone,1997).

The new phyllocarid remains, all collected from theFluminimaggiore Formation, consist of threefragmentary specimens with abdominal segments(preserved in three dimensions), a dozen caudal partsand several fragments and/or whole specimens ofsecondarily phosphatized mandibles that commonlyoccur in the acid-resistant residues of conodontsamples.

Information on Lithostratigraphic units of SWSardinian Silurian-early Devonian rocks, including thephyllocarids-bearing beds, and biostratigraphy of thekey-section «Mason Porcus» can be found in Gnoli etal. (1988, 1990) and in Ferretti & Serpagli (1996).

Updated information on the lithology, palaeontology andenvironment of the Fluminimaggiore and Mason PorcusFormations in the locality Perd’e Fogu nearFluminimaggiore and Argiola can be found in Serpagli(1998), Ferretti et al. (1998a, b), and Corradini et al.(1998a, b).

The Sardinian localities where phyllocarid remainswere found are summarised in Fig. 1. The Tab. 1 showsthe phyllocarid remains recovered in Silurian sectionsor displaced blocks, with the age (biozones) and thelithology related to the reported samples.

SOME REMARKS ON PHYLLOCARIDPALEOECOLOGY AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY

The lithology of displaced blocks bearing phyllocaridremains, deduced from investigations on sedimentarystructures and associated fauna (Ferretti, 1989)indicates a shallow sea shelf normally oxygenated inits upper parts and anoxic towards the bottom (Gnoliet al., 1980).

This shelf, reworked by wave motion, developed ina shallow basin, stirred by currents in its upper part(Fluminimaggiore and Mason Porcus Formations (Gnoliet al., 1990)), where, during P�ídolí-early Devoniantime, pelagic-type sediments were formed (Gnoli, 1985).

Apparently, Silurian phyllocarids do not characterizea specific environment, being present either in the moreshallow marine facies (poorly washed biomicrite) or in

New evidences of Silurian Phyllocarid Crustaceans from SW Sardinia

Maurizio GNOLI & Paolo SERVENTI

M. Gnoli, Dipartimento del Museo di Paleobiologia e dell’Orto Botanico, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, I-41100 Modena, Italy; gnolim@unimore.it

P. Serventi, Dipartimento del Museo di Paleobiologia e dell’Orto Botanico, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, I-41100 Modena, Italy; pserventi@libero.it

KEY-WORDS - Crustacea, Phyllocarida, Silurian, Abdominal somites, Telson, Mandibles, SW Sardinia, Italy.

ABSTRACT - Phyllocarid remains consisting of abdominal somites, caudal parts and secondarily phosphatized mandibles, fromSilurian of SW Sardinia are described and illustrated. Some material described and left in open nomenclature by Gnoli & Serpagli(1984) is also reconsidered under Warneticaris cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874). Other taxa like Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) bohemica(Barrande, 1872), C.? (B.) sp. ind. cf. bohemica Barrande, 1872, C. (C.?) cf. cornwallisensis damesi Chlup� 1963, and Warneticarissp. ind. cf. W. cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874) are also documented.

RIASSUNTO - [Nuovi resti di fillocaridi (Crustacea, Artropoda) nel Siluriano della Sardegna sudoccidentale] - Dopo la primadescrizione e illustrazione di resti di fillocaridi provenienti dalla Sardegna sudoccidentale al limite Siluriano/Devoniano, avvenuta nellaprima metà degli anni ottanta, ne viene presentata una ulteriore. Tutti gli esemplari esaminati provengono dalla Formazione diFluminimaggiore e mostrano un eccellente stato di conservazione in quanto si presentano in tre dimensioni. Sulla base dei datisedimentologici è possibile dedurre un ambiente deposizionale di mare poco profondo, normalmente ossigenato e sottoposto a motoondoso nelle sue parti più elevate mentre era anossico nelle zone più profonde. Dallo studio dei nuovi campioni, costituiti da segmentiaddominali, parti caudali ed altre mandibole fosfatizzate, vengono documentati i seguenti taxa, Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) bohemica(Barrande, 1872), C.? (B.) sp. ind. cf. bohemica Barrande, 1872, C. (C.?) cf. cornwallisensis damesi Chlupá�� 1963, e Warneticaris sp.ind. cf. W. cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874). A questi si aggiunge il materiale già descritto e lasciato in nomenclatura aperta da Gnoli &Serpagli (1984), qui considerato appartenere a Warneticaris cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874).

N 8 09/01/06 15 55255

256 Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44 (3), 2005

the relatively deeper ones. Telson parts - sometimeswith parallel orientation probably stirred up by current- are the most common phyllocarid fragments. On thecontrary, abdominal somites are rare with only threespecimens recovered so far. This environmental setting

added to the good preservation of the majority of thefossils would suggest short and slight transport on atypically muddy bottom.

The paleoecological analysis of the associated faunadoes not help much in clarifing the paleoenvironmentalsetting because it is mainly represented by orthoconicnautiloids occurring only in some horizons of scatteredsequences (i.e. «Argiola» ARG-BK 15). Phyllocarid lifehabits have been described in details (e.g. Chlupá�,1994; Vannier et al., 1997) taking into account theiradaptation to dysaerobic bottom conditions.

The use of phyllocarids as stratigraphic tools is dueto Chlupá� (1994) who carried out a revision and ageneral synthesis on the biostratigraphy of Bohemianphyllocarid. The age of phyllocarid remains in SWSardinia, has been mainly deduced by means of theassociated conodonts (Tab. 1) found in the acid-resistant residues of the blocks and/or sequence samplesby several authors (Serpagli, 1971; Serpagli &Mastandrea, 1980; Olivieri & Serpagli, 1990; Olivieriet al., 1981; Mastandrea, 1985; Gnoli et al., 1988;Ferretti et al., 1998; Corradini et al., 1998; Corradini &Serpagli, 1998, 1999; Serpagli & Corradini, 1999). Alsoother index fossils, like graptolites, have been sometime

Fig. 1 - Location of the Sardinian fossiliferous localities in whichphyllocarid remains have been collected.

Tab. 1 - Distribution of taxa in the samples bearing phyllocarid remains: age (biozones) and lithology. Abbreviations: BK = displacedblock; ARG = «Argiola» section, MP = «Mason Porcus» (House of pigs) section, SF = Fluminimaggiore path section, GALE =«Galemmu», PF = «Perd’e Fogu» (Fire Stone). Conodont biozonation according to Corradini & Serpagli (1998-99). * After Jaeger (pers.comm., letter of July 20th, 1987).

N 8 09/01/06 15 56256

257M. Gnoli, P. Serventi - Silurian Phyllocarids from SW Sardinia

used. The Sardinian conodont biozones are thosedefined by Corradini & Serpagli, (1998, 1999).

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS

All the material studied is housed in PaleontologicalCollection of the Dipartimento del Museo diPaleobiologia e dell’Orto Botanico under the Cat. nos.IPUM 19801, 19836, 24236-24246.

Order PHYLLOCARIDA Packard, 1879Suborder CERATIOCARINA Clarke, 1900Family CERATIOCARIDIDAE Salter, 1860

Genus Ceratiocaris Mc Coy, 1849

Type-species - Ceratiocaris solenoides Mc Coy,1849; Miller, 1889 by subsequent designation.

Subgenus Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) Chlupá�, 1994

Type-species - Ceratiocaris bohemica Barrande,1872, by original designation, Chlupá�, 1994, p. 14.

Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) bohemica (Barrande,1872)

(Figs. 2a-i)

1984 Ceratiocaris cf. bohemica Barrande, 1872 - GNOLI &SERPAGLI, p. 258, figs. 1, 15.

1994 Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) bohemica CHLUPÁ�, pp. 5,14; Pl. 1, figs. 1-6.

1994 Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) bohemica Chlupá� -RACHEBOEUF, pp. 289-291, text-figs. 3B, 5.

Material - Two specimens with fifth, sixth andseventh abdominal somites with poorly preservedcaudal part (IPUM 24236 and unfigured 24246) plusvarious fragments of telsonal part with furcal rami(IPUM 24242, 24243, and unfigured 24244).

Description - All the abdominal somites preservedwere compacted; furthermore the fifth one preservesonly its terminal part, but unlike the sixth and seventhones that are apparently smooth, it bears anornamentation consisting of longitudinal ribs that runroughly parallel to the axis of the segment and are distallyanatomised (see Barrande, 1872, pl. 19, fig. 2 andpresent paper, Fig. 2a). In a small area of thisornamentation it is possible to distinguish very thin,small (0.27 to 0.12 mm in length) very characteristic,slit-like or long comma-like depressions (Fig. 2b’)slightly oblique to the ribs. Their length varies fromcorresponding to about 1/3 to 1/2 of the distancebetween ribs, that is 0.3 mm. The probable function ofthese depressions is discussed in the following remarks.The abdominal somites are 15, 26 and 34 mm longrespectively. Caudal parts are very fragmented.

One specimen (IPUM 24243) consists of a fragmentof telson and two fragments of the furcal rami arrangedsub-parallel to each other in the sediment. The telsonshows a sub-polygonal cross section in its middle partwhere it corresponds to 5.5 mm in lateral width; as

can be seen in Fig. 2g, there are 9 longitudinal ridgesthat run along its whole length: one on the dorsal side,two orders of dorso-lateral, and two dorso-ventralbetween which there are slightly concave depressedareas. Between the dorso-lateral ridges, several sub-elliptic alveoli are present for bristle insertion. The alveolidiameters are about 0.8 and 0.7 mm, the distancebetween them is quite regular and they are placed about2.2 mm apart. In the studied material the bristles arenever preserved. The furca rami are also polygonal-rounded in cross-section, depressed and bearing 10longitudinal ridges in their proximal part, whereasdistally the ridges become rounded so they probablyterminate with a fairly sub-elliptic or lens-shaped cross-section. Another specimen (IPUM 24242) from thesame displaced block (ARG-BK 15) bears three stronglydamaged fragments of caudal parts: two of telson anda ramus of furca not preserved in anatomical position.These caudal parts are 59, 27 and 9 mm longrespectively and show the same features belonging tothe same species as above. A further caudal fragment,38 mm long in the counterpart, showing the samemorphology as above reported, is that from level 2b ofthe Mason Porcus section (IPUM 24244).

Remarks - The ornamentation of the fifth abdominalsomite previously described and, in particular, thepresence of the very small depressions (Fig. 2b’) couldrepresent slits of probable sensory terminations belowthe exoskeleton for possibly sensing environmentalvariations (physical and/or biological). Their actualfunction remains unknown. These morphologicalpeculiarities were never previously reported with theexception of Vannier et al. (1997), who figuredsomething similar feature (Vannier et al., 1997, fig. 9B)from the right pleural fold of the Devonianarchaeostracan phyllocarid Rhinocaris columbinaClarke in Hall & Clarke 1888.

Ceratiocaris? (Bohemicaris) sp. ind. cf. bohemica(Barrande, 1872)

(Figs. 3a-b)

Material - Sixth, seventh abdominal segmentexoskeletal parts and telson head (IPUM 24241).Abdominal somites are shifted over each other ratherthan squeezed and probably not anatomically jointed toa telson head for a total length of 53 mm in a littledisplaced block (probably coming from level 5 of theMason Porcus section).

Description - The specimen IPUM 24241 showsthe sixth and seventh abdominal somites displaced fromthe anatomical position probably due to compaction ofthe muddy sediment. However, these preserve a peculiarornamentation consisting of sub-parallel ribs obliqueto the axis of the somites (about 45 degrees). This canbe identified as the proximal part of the last abdominalsomite where the ribs form a concentric botroidalpattern of ornamentation as shown in Fig. 3b. Thetelson head, which is the largest one among all

N 8 09/01/06 15 56257

258 Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44 (3), 2005

Fig. 2 - Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) bohemica (Barrande, 1872).a) Upper view of the whole specimen (No. 24236). Scale bar = 20 mm;b) fifth segment showing sub-parallel wrinkled pattern of ornamentation of the same specimen. Scale bar = 10 mm;b’) particular enlarged to show the very small slit-like structures between the ribs forming ornamentation of the same specimen. Scale

bar = 5 mm (see text for interpretation);c) upper view of the sixth abdominal somite of the same specimen. Scale bar = 5 mm;d) upper view of the seventh abdominal somite of the same specimen. Scale bar = 20 mm;e) poorly preserved caudal part of the same specimen. Scale bar = 20 mm;f) upper view a couple of telsons (T) and a furcal ramous (Fr) of No. 24242 specimen. Scale bar = 10 mm;g, h) telson and furcal rami of another specimen (No. 24243) showing their polygonal cross-sections (pentagonal the telson, more

complex and rounded the (h) furcal rami). Scale bar = 15 mm;i) the same specimen in perspective view (note the alveoli for bristle insertion). Scale bar = 5 mm;Note: the left furcal ramus cross-section of Fig. 3h is figured reflecting the right one horizontally because specimen No. 24243 is not so

well preserved.

specimens so far found in Sardinia (12.5 mm in width),bears as ornamentation fine oblique ridges disappearingposteriorly.

Remarks - This poorly preserved material does notallow more detailed taxonomic studies. This samplerepresents the third abdominal segment exoskeletal partever recovered from Sardinia.

N 8 09/01/06 15 56258

259

Subgenus Ceratiocaris (Ceriatocaris) McCoy, 1849

Type-species - Ceriatocaris solenoides McCoy,1849.

Ceratiocaris (Ceriatocaris?) cf. cornwallisensisdamesi Chlupá�, 1963

(Figs. 4a-d)

1886 Ceratiocaris damesi NOVÁK, p. 676 (nomen nudum).1963 Ceratiocaris cornwallisensis damesi CHLUPÁ�, pp. 104-

108; Pl. 12, figs. 9-10; Pl. 14, figs. 3-5; Pl. 15, figs. 1-4;text-figs. 3-5.

Material - Telson (IPUM 24237) with 45 mm longbroken tip (reaching 53 mm in the counterpart) fromlevel 5 of the «Mason Porcus» section.

Description - The well preserved telson (Figs. 4a-d) shows two rows of alveoli for the insertion of bristlesin the dorso-lateral ridge. Eleven symmetrical alveoliare preserved on both sides, showing an elliptical shape;they are regularly spaced 2.33 mm apart (Fig. 4c), theaxes of which are 0.66 mm and 0.4 mm. In cross-section, towards the lower part after the ridges bearingalveoli there are two concave areas, followed by twoventro-lateral ridges ending with a ventral platform. Thelatter protects ventrally the articulation of the furca (Fig.4b). The telson head is hemispherical in shape and bearsan ornamentation consisting of fine radiating lirae. Inits central part the cross-section is sub-pentagonal inoutline and from each corner originates five longitudinalrounded ridges, which reduce to four towards its apicalpart (as reported by Chlupá�, 1963, p. 106, text-fig. 4;and Rolfe, 1963, p. 487, text-fig. 1; see also Fig. 4d inthis paper).

Remarks - Since the surface of the lower part ofthe telson, just after the telson head between the twoventro-lateral ridges, is moderately concave, (Fig. 4d),we prefer to leave this form in open nomenclature. Thisspecies is reported here for the first time from Sardinia.

Genus Warneticaris Racheboeuf, 1994

Type species - Ceratiocaris cenomanense Tromelin,1874 by subsequent designation, Racheboeuf, 1994.

Warneticaris cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874)(Figs. 5a-c)

1874 Ceratiocaris cenomanense TROMELIN in Gullier &Tromelin, p. 590.

1876 Ceratiocaris cenomanensis Tromelin - TROMELIN &LEBESCONTE, p. 651.

1886 Ceratiocaris cenomanensis Tromelin - GUILLIER, p. 54.1935 Ceratiocaris cenomanense Tromelin - PÉNEAU, p. 551.1984 Ceratiocaris sp., GNOLI & SERPAGLI, p. 260, figs. 2a-d.1994 Warneticaris cenomanensis (Tromelin) - RACHEBOEUF, pp.

287-289; Pl. III, figs. 1-11; Pl. IV, figs. 1-2; text-figs. 3D,4.

Material - Left side of the last (seventh) abdominalsomite and proximal part of telson (IPUM 19836) for atotal length of 31 mm (already published by Gnoli &Serpagli (1984) and left in open nomenclature asCeratiocaris sp.).

Fig. 3 - Ceratiocaris? (Bohemicaris) sp. ind. cf. bohemica(Barrande, 1872) (No. 24241).a) Lateral view of the whole specimen, scale bar = 10 mm;b) close-up of the same specimen to show ornamentation of the

seventh somite, scale bar = 5 mm.

Fig. 4 - Ceratiocaris (Ceratiocaris?) cf. cornwallisensis damesiChlupa�, 1963 (No. 24237).a) Dorsal view of the telson;b) lateral view of the telson showing the ventral recumbent

protection to the articulation for the furcal rami movement;c) close-up of dorso-lateral view for bristle insertion;d) schematic proximal, distal, and terminal telson cross-sections.All scale bars = 10 mm.

M. Gnoli, P. Serventi - Silurian Phyllocarids from SW Sardinia

N 8 09/01/06 15 56259

260 Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44 (3), 2005

Description - The last abdominal segment bears acharacteristic ornamentation mainly consisting oftriangular, apparently imbricate scales (see comparablefeatures in Vannier et al., 1997, pp. 100-101, fig. 10)like for the Palaeozoic archaeostracan phyllocarids. Thetelson is triangular in cross-section and bears bilaterallyrows of sub-elliptic alveoli, just above the dorso-lateraloblique ridges (about 0.2 mm wide, 0.6 mm long, anddistant 2.2 mm from each other) for bristles insertion.Its ventral part shows longitudinal furrows, proximallysemicircular to rounded-triangular distally. The telsonhead is sculptured by sub-triangular pattern of obliqueshort lines. Posteriorly to its head, which is semi-circular in cross-section, the telson bears ventro-lateralapertures for the insertion and articulation of furcalrami which are flattened, shorter than the telson andlanceolate in shape. Unfortunately, only the left furcalramus is preserved in the specimen studied here.

Remarks - As for the abdominal segments (seeintroductory part) - these exoskeletal parts are ratherrare, since only three have been so far recovered fromthe «Mason Porcus» section. The lithology and fauna

of this section had already been described by Gnoli etal. (1988).

According to P. Racheboeuf (letter of February 25th,2004), the specimen described by Gnoli & Serpagli(1984), «… could probably belong to a new genusbecause of the shape of the telson, with a sub half-rounded head in cross-section, becoming triangularposteriorly, and also because the morphology of thefurca do not fit in with Ceratiocaris». Chlupá� (1985,personal comm.) suggested that the SardiniaCeratiocaris sp. could be close to grata and perhapsclassified as C. cf. grata. In addition, Racheboeuf (1994,p. 287) assigned the Bohemian Ceratiocaris grataChlupá�, 1984, to his new genus Warneticarissuggesting that grata is the most closely allied tocenomanensis.

On the basis of the aforementioned remarks andafter careful restudy of the 1984 specimen (previouslyleft in open nomenclature), we prefer to assign thisform to Warneticaris cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874).

Warneticaris sp. ind. cf. cenomanensis (Tromelin,1874)

(Figs. 6a-e)

Material - A triangular telson and furca, 73 mmlong in cross-section (IPUM 24238), from level 5 ofthe Mason Porcus section.

Fig. 6 - Warneticaris sp. ind. cf. cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874)(No. 24238).Figs. a-c, scale bar = 15 mm.a) Dorsal view of the telson;a’) schematic middle telson sub-triangular cross sections;b) the same telson in lateral view;c) the same in ventral view;d) furcal rami of the same telson in upper view. Scale bar = 25

mm;e) close up of the left ventral ridge counterpart showing the row

of very little alveoli close to each other for fine bristle insertion.Scale bar = 25 mm.

Fig. 5 - Warneticaris cenomanensis (Tromelin, 1874) (No. 19836).a) Dorsal view of the whole specimen. Scale bar = 10 mm;b) enlargement of the last pleonite showing ornamentation by

triangular scales and the telson head of the same specimen indorso-lateral view with ornamentation represented by obliquefine V-shaped short striae. Scale bar = 5 mm;

c) left lateral view of the telson of the same specimen showingoblique lateral ridge and the left row of alveoli for bristleinsertion. Scale bar = 7.5 mm.

N 8 09/01/06 15 56260

261

Description - The 62 mm long telson (withincomplete tip), reaching 73 mm in the counterpart and13 mm in width, shows the typical features of W.cenomanensis. However, in lateral view the telson isnot straight, but gently curved upwards distally (Fig.6b). Size and ornament are also completely different inthe two forms.

The dorso-lateral ridges are not clearly preservedas well as the ventral platform recumbent posteriorlyto protect the furcal rami articulation. The alveoli forbristle insertion are clearly visible only in thecounterpart of one of the two ventral ridges that runsymmetrically along the whole ventral part of the telsonThe alveoli are very small (about 0.15 mm of diameter),close to each other and circular in shape (Fig. 6e).

Remarks - The large size of the Sardinian telsonimplies that it probably belonged to either an adult or agerontic specimen.

This form is compared in its general shape to W.cenomanensis, but lateral and ventral ridges are sharpand not rounded as it appears in the reconstruction ofRacheboeuf (1994, fig. 4B). Furthermore, theincomplete preservation of the material studied also leadus to leave this form in open nomenclature.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks are due to the late Dr. Ivo Chlupá� (CharlesUniversity, Prague, Czech Republic), for useful discussion andsuggestions on the first proofs of the paper. This work benefitsalso by from the expertise of Prof. Patrick R. Racheboeuf(Université de la Bretagne occidentale, Brest, France) and hisprofitable experience on the topic. Many thanks to Prof. E.Serpagli and Prof. C. Corradini for their help on updated conodontbiostratigraphy. We thank also Prof. J. Vannier (Université ClaudeBernard, Lyon, France) for his valuable help in improving ourmanuscript.

REFERENCES

Barrande J. (1872). Système Silurien du centre de la Bohème. Ière

Partie: Recherches Paléontologiques - Supplément au Vol. 1.Trilobites, Crustacés divers et Poissons. Texte - Troisièmepartie. Crustacés divers, non trilobitiques: 434-619, pls. 1-35, Prague.

Chlupá� I. (1963). Phyllocarid crustaceans from the Silurian andDevonian of Czechoslovakia. Palaeontology, 6 (1): 97-118.

Chlupá� I. (1984). A new phyllocarid crustacean from thetopmost Silurian of Bohemia. Vestnik Ustredniho ustavugeologie, 59 (1): 41-43.

Chlupá� I. (1994). Assemblages of phyllocarid crustaceans inthe Silurian and Devonian of Bohemia and their analogues.Geologica et Paleontologica, 28: 1-25.

Corradini C. & Serpagli E. (1998). A Late Llandovery-P�ídolí(Silurian) conodont biozonation in Sardinia. In Serpagli E.(ed.), Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII, Giornale di Geologia,60, Special Issue: 85-88, Bologna.

Corradini C. & Serpagli E. (1999). A Silurian conodontbiozonation from late Llandovery to end P�ídolí in Sardinia.In Serpagli E. (ed.), Studies on Conodonts, Proceedings ofthe Seventh European Conodont Symposium Bollettino dellaSocietà Paleontologica Italiana, 37 (2/3) [1998]: 255-283.

Corradini C., Ferretti A. & Serpagli E. (1998a). The Silurian andDevonian sequence in SE Sardinia. In Serpagli E. (ed.),Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII. Giornale di Geologia, 60,Special Issue: 71-74, Bologna.

Corradini C., Ferretti. A. & Serpagli E. (1998b). Wenlock andP�ídolí conodonts from Argiola, East of Domusnovas. InSerpagli E. (ed.), Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII. Giornaledi Geologia, 60, Special Issue: 194-198, Bologna.

Corradini C., Ferretti. A., Serpagli E. & Barca S. (1998). TheLudlow-P�ídolí Section “Genna Ciuerciu” west of Silius. InSerpagli E. (ed.), Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII. Giornaledi Geologia, 60, Special Issue: 112-118.

Ferretti A. (1989). Microbiofacies and constituent analysis ofUpper Silurian-Lowermost Devonian limestones fromSouthwestern Sardinia. Bollettino della Società PaleontologicaItaliana, 28 (1): 87-100.

Ferretti A. & Serpagli E. (1996). Geological outline, communitysequence and paleoecology of the Silurian of Sardinia. RivistaItaliana di Paleontologia Stratigrafia, 102 (3): 353-362.

Ferretti A., Corradini C. & Serpagli E. (1998a). The Silurian andDevonian sequence in SW Sardinia. In E. Serpagli (ed.),Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII. Giornale di Geologia, 60,Special Issue: 57-61.

Ferretti A., Corradini C. & Serpagli E. (1998b). Wenlock-Ludlowconodonts from Perd’e Fogu (Fluminimaggiore). In SerpagliE.(ed.), Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII. Giornale diGeologia, 60, Special Issue: 156-167.

Gnoli M. (1985). Paleontological content, constituent analysisand microbiofacies of Early Devonian pelagic limestone fromFluminimaggiore area (SW Sardinia). Bollettino della SocietàPaleontologica Italiana, 23 (2) [1984]: 221-238.

Gnoli M. & Serpagli E (1984). Evidence of phyllocarid remainsfrom Silurian-Devonian boundary beds in southwesternSardinia. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und PaläontologieMonatshefte, 1984, H. 5: 257-268.

Gnoli M., K�í� J., Leone F., Olivieri R., Serpagli E & Štorch P.(1990). Lithostratigraphic units and biostratigraphy of theSilurian and early Devonian of Southwest Sardinia. Bollettinodella Società Paleontologica Italiana, 29 (1): 11-23.

Gnoli M., Leone F., Olivieri R. & Serpagli E. (1988). The MasonPorcus Section as reference section for Uppermost Silurian-Lowermost Devonian in SW Sardinia. Bollettino della SocietàPaleontologica Italiana, 27 (3): 323-334.

Gnoli M., Mastandrea A. & Serpagli E. (1982). Osservazionisedimentologiche e biostratigrafiche sui calcari di Gruttixeddanella Sardegna sud occidentale. Rendiconti della SocietàGeologica Italiana, 4 [1981]: 329-332.

Gnoli M., Parea G.C., Russo F. & Serpagli E. (1980).Paleoecological remarks on the “Orthoceras” limestone ofSouth-western Sardinia (Middle-Upper Silurian). Memoriedella Società Geologica Italiana, 20 [1979]: 405-423.

Guillier A. (1886). Géologie du département de la Sarthe. 430pp. Imprimerie E. Monnoyer, Le Mans.

Guillier A. & Le Goarant G. de Tromelin (1874). Note sur leterrain Silurien de la Sarthe. Bulletin de la Société Agricole,Sciences et Arts de la Sarthe, 22: 585-595.

Hall J. (1863). Sixteenth Report. 75 pp., New York State Cabinetof Natural History.

Hamman W. & Leone F. (1997). Trilobites on the post-Sardic(Upper Ordovician) sequence of southern Sardinia. Part I.Beringeria, Würzburger Geowissenschaftliche Mitteilungen,20: 1-144.

Hamman W., Laske R. & Pillola G.L. (1990). Tariccoiaarrusensis n.g. n.s., an unusual trilobite-like arthropod.Rediscovery of the “phyllocarid” beds of Taricco (1922) inthe Ordovician “Puddinga” sequence of Sardinia. Bollettinodella Società Paleontologica Italiana, 29 (2): 153-178.

Mastandrea A. (1985). Early Devonian (Lochkovian) conodontsfrom southwestern Sardinia. Bollettino della SocietàPaleontologica Italiana, 23 (2) [1984]: 240-258.

McCoy P. (1849). On the classification of some British fossilCrustacea, with notices of new forms in the University ofCambridge. Annals and Magazine Natural History (series2), 4.

Miller S.A. (1889). North American geology and palaeontologyfor the use of amateurs, students and scientists. 664 pp.,1194 figs. Cincinnati.

M. Gnoli, P. Serventi - Silurian Phyllocarids from SW Sardinia

N 8 09/01/06 15 56261

262 Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44 (3), 2005

Novak O. (1886). Zur Kenntniss der Fauna der Étage F-f1 in der

palaeozoischen Schichtengruppe Böhmens. Sitzenberichte derBöhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften: 239-243.

Olivieri R. (1985). Middle and Late Devonian conodonts fromSouthwestern Sardinia. Bollettino della Società PaleontologicaItaliana, 23 (2) [1984]: 269-310.

Olivieri R. & Serpagli E. (1990). Latest Silurian-early Devonianconodonts from Mason Porcus Section near Fluminimaggiore,Southwestern Sardinia. Bollettino della Società PaleontologicaItaliana, 29 (1): 59-76.

Olivieri R., Mastandrea A. & Serpagli E. (1981). Riconoscimentodi alcune zone a conodonti nel Devoniano inferiore nei calcaridi Monte Padenteddu nella Sardegna meridionale. Atti dellaSocietà dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena, 111 [1980]:1-12.

Peneau J. (1935). Contribution à la Faune du Dévonien inférieurdu Massif Armoricain. Bulletin Société géologique, 5: 545-561.

Racheboeuf P.R. (1994). Silurian and Devonian phyllocaridcrustaceans from the Massif Armoricain, NW France. Revuede Paléobiologie, 13 (2): 281-305.

Rolfe W.D.I. (1963). Morphology of the telson in Ceratiocariscornwallisensis (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) fromCzechoslovakia. Journal of Paleontology, 37 (2): 486-503.

Rolfe W.D.I. (1969). Phyllocarida. In Moore R.C. (ed.), Treatiseon Invertebrate Paleontology, Part R, pp. R296-R331,Geological Society of America and University of KansasPress, Lawrence KS.

Serpagli E. (1971). Uppermost Wenlockian-Upper Ludlowian(Silurian) Conodonts from Western Sardinia. Bollettino dellaSocietà Paleontologica Italiana, 9 (1): 76-96.

Serpagli E., ed. (1998). Sardinia Guide-book, ECOS VII. Giornaledi Geologia, 60, Special issue, 212 pp., Bologna.

Serpagli E., ed. (1999). Studies on conodonts - Proceedings ofthe Seventh European Conodont Symposium. Bollettino dellaSocietà Paleontologica Italiana, 37 (2-3) [1998]: 420 pp.

Serpagli E. & Mastandrea A. (1980). Conodont assemblage fromthe Silurian-Devonian boundary beds of southwesternSardinia (Italy). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie undPaläontologie Monatshefte, 1980, H. 1: 37-42.

Serpagli E. & Corradini C. (1999). Taxonomy and evolution ofKockelella (Conodonta) from the Silurian of Sardinia (Italy).Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 37 (2-3):275-298.

Tromelin G. Le Goarant de (1877). Études des terrainspaléozoïques de la Basse-Normandie particulièrement dansle départements de l’Orne et du Calvados. AssociationFrançaise pour l’Avancement des Sciences, 5ème sess., Caen1876: 893-501.

Tromelin G. Le Goarant de & Lebesconte P. (1876). Essai d’uncatalogue raissonné des fossiles siluriens des départementsde Maine-et-Loire, de la Loire-inférieure et du Morbihan,avec des observations sur les terrains paléozoïques de l’Ouestde la France. Association Française pour l’Avancement desSciences, 4ème sess.,1876: 893-501.

Vannier J., Boissy P. & Racheboeuf P.R. (1997). Locomotion inNebalia bipes: a possible model for Palaeozoic phyllocaridcrustaceans. Lethaia, 30: 89-104.

Manuscript received 18 March 2005Revised manuscript accepted 10 November 2005

N 8 09/01/06 15 56262