new fuel scenarios and their impact on lubrication

New fuel scenarios and their impact on lubrication9 June 2021 • 14:00-14:45 BST

Marine Lubricants Webinar Week

Part of

7-9 June 2021

Panellist documents

Page 2: Filippos Athanassiadis, ExxonMobilPage 7: Ian Bown, Lubrizol4: Kunal Mahajan, Kline & CompanyPage 19: Dorthe Jacobsen, MAN Energy Solutions

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© The Lubrizol Corporation

New fuel scenarios and their impact on

lubricationRMM Webinar

9th June, 2021


IMO 2050 | Long Term Goals Timeline

3

Enabling a long term goal through technology solutions

2030 20502020 2023

IMO 2020 reduces the global cap from

3.5 to 0.5%S.

IMO technical and operational measures.

IMO 40% reduction in CO2 emissions, compared to 2008.

50% reduction in total annual GHG

emissions compared to 2008.


IMO 2020 | Very Low Sulphur Fuel (VLSFO)

4

Fuel Variability Fuel Availability Product DevelopmentNew or Modified Bench Tests Required

Robust Formulating Strategy

© The Lubrizol Corporation5

Achieving IMO 2050 | Fuels Contribution

Cylinder Oils Enabling Alternate Fuels

Source: MAN ES Survey 2021 Survey

A recent survey by MAN ES illustrates alternate fuel choice thinkingDon't focus on which fuel but how many fuels

Do all fuels behave the same?

Can one lubricant work with all fuel types?


Marine Fuelscape | 2019 - 2040

Source: IHS Markit data 2020 International Marine Lubricants (represents 2T & 4T volumes)

HSFO consumption reduces

Fuel oil remains dominant in the market

Growth in alternative fuel options


Summary | New fuel scenarios and their impact on lubrication

2020 highlighted the need to think differently

when formulating cylinder oils

As the fuelscapeevolves, so too must

cylinder oil development

It might not be 'one size fits all' but for sure it will

be 'right oil, right application'


Your trusted source for industry news, trends, and market and consumer insights that help move your business forward with confidence.

Log on and learn about the lubrication and fuel challenges of today’s and tomorrow’s advanced hardware.

NEW FUEL SCENARIOS AND THEIR IMPACT ON LUBRICATIONMarine Lubricants Webinar

June 9, 2021

1Copyright © 2021 Kline. REPRODUCTION OR DISCLOSURE FORBIDDEN; SEE SPECIAL NOTICE

Scope

Global Marine Lubricants: Market Analysis and Opportunities

summarizes the results of Kline & Company’s comprehensive study on the

global marine lubricants market in the wake of the implementation of IMO

2020, economic and trade disruption due to COVID-19, decarbonization, and

other factors.

This report covers all segments of the marine industry including deep-sea

marine, costal marine, and inland marine.

The products covered include marine engine oils (cylinder oils, trunk piston

engine oils, system oils) and non-engine lubricants (hydraulic fluids, gear

oils, compressor fluids, stern lubricants, greases, and other minor

lubricants).


COMPARISON OF FUTURE FUELS

FUEL TYPE PROS CONS CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Methanol

• Reduces emissions, easy availability, and

vast experience with it

• Low-energy density, safety issues, and

low reduction in carbon emissions

compared to other fuels

• Estimated to be used as fuel in

around 10-15 vessels; more

vessels to be added by 2023

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

• Reduces emissions, easy availability, higher

energy density compared to other future

fuels, and vast experience with it

• Low reduction in NOx emissions and

usage as a domestic fuel

• Estimated that there are 45 to 50

vessels based on LPG in

operation or under construction

Ammonia

• Reduces emissions and has higher storage

temperature than most other future fuels

• No reduction in NOx emissions,

corrosive, low-energy density, and no

availability of marine engine thus far

• Shipping industry is a few years

away from using ammonia as a

marine fuel

Hydrogen

• Reduces all emissions by 100% and has

backing of many industry participants as

marine fuel of the future

• Low energy density, storage issues, and

highly flammable

• Estimated that there are currently

two to three vessels based on

hydrogen in operation or under

construction

Decarbonization 2030 and 2050

The next challenge that the shipping industry is expected to face is in regard to the decarbonization 2030 and 2050 norms.


Future fuels are most likely to be used in ships with dual-fuel engines for the

foreseeable future. VLSFO will be one of the two fuels used for such ships.

The specifications for engines oils for future fuels is not clear at present. Some

questions that can only be answered in the future:

⸺ Detergent chemistries

⸺ Changes in treat rates

Increased usage of future fuels is also expected to:

⸺ Increased complexity

⸺ Entry barriers

⸺ More challenges for additive suppliers

Marine Lubricants for Future Fuels

Copyright © 2021 Kline. REPRODUCTION OR DISCLOSURE FORBIDDEN; SEE SPECIAL NOTICE 4444

GLOBAL HEADQUARTERSKline35 Waterview Blvd.Suite 305Parsippany, NJ 07054Phone: +1-973-435-6262Fax: +1-973-435-6291

MILIND PHADKEVice President, Energyt. +1-973-435-3379e. [email protected]

ERIN DURHAMVice President, Sales & Marketingt. +44-20-8133 4679e. [email protected]

KRISTINA ZABLECKEAccount Manager, Europe and Africat. + 32-491-448-636e. [email protected]

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KUNAL MAHAJANProject Manager, Energyt. +1-973-435-3440e. [email protected]

Kline is a worldwide consulting and research firm dedicated to providing the kind of insight and knowledge that helps companies find a clear path to success. The firm has served the management consulting and market research needs of organizations in the agrochemicals, chemicals, materials, energy, life sciences, and consumer products industries for more than 60 years.

For more information, visit www.KlineGroup.com.

SABRINA CRACIUNAccount Manager, UK / AMERICASt. +44-73654-04321e. [email protected]

New fuel scenarios and their

impact on lubrication

Dorthe Jacobsen

MAN Energy Solutions, two-stroke

Chair: CIMAC WG Lube

Member: CIMAC WG Fuels, WG ISO 8217

Leadership group: Fuels & Technology, Getting to zero Coalition

9 June 2021 – Time 14.00-14.45 BST

Public

Agenda

09-06-2021Dorthe Jacobsen - Lubricating future fuels 2

1 Role of lubricant

2 Engines & lube

3 Recommendations

Public

Role of the lubricant1

Dorthe Jacobsen - Lubricating future fuels 09-06-2021 3

Public

Cylinder oil - Purpose


Main purposes of the cylinder oil are to:

• lubricate the piston and liner

• reduce the friction

• introduce wear protection

• minimise risk of seizures

• neutralise acids and oxidation products in accordance with the engine requirement

• and to keep the piston, piston rings, ringlands, and liner clean

➢ as it is important to ensure free movement of the rings by managing and

preventing excessive deposit build-up

All engines

Public

Engines & lube2


Public

Fuels for MAN B&W two-stroke engines


Lubrication strategy

Fuels:

− ULSFO (<0.10%S)

− VLSFO (<0.50%S)

− HSFO (>0.50%S)

− Biofuel

− LNG

− LEG (Ethan)

− Methanol

− LPG

− (NH3 in 2024)

Emissions:

− NOx

− SOx

− (PM)

− (CH4)

− (NH3)

− (BC)

− ….

Lubrication strategy:

− Low-S fuel -> Low BN oil

− High-S fuel -> High BN oil

The engines must be clean!

Public

Dual fuel enginesThe Diesel combustion principle:

ME-GI, ME-GIE, ME-LGIM, ME-LGIP

2 running modes

1. “Dual fuel mode”:

− Small pilot flame (conventional fuel)

− LNG, LEG, Methanol, LPG or (NH3)* ignited by

the pilot flame

2. “Liquid fuel mode”:

− Identical performance as conventional fueled

Diesel engine

* Under development

LNG, LEG,

MeOH,

LPG, (NH3)*

Pilot fuel

Dorthe Jacobsen - Lubricating future fuels 709-06-2021

Public

Dual fuel enginePre-mixed (Otto) combustion principle: ME-GA

Combustion principle

‒ Scavenging air is let into the cylinder as

the piston reaches bottom dead center

(BDC).

‒ Gas is admitted as the piston moves

upwards in the cylinder liner.

‒ The pre-mixed air-fuel mixture gets ignited

by means of pilot oil.

‒ Combustion and the piston moves

downwards BDC completing the cycle.

Dorthe Jacobsen - Lubricating future fuels 809-06-2021

Public

MAN B&W two-stroke engines for new fuels

9

ME-GI test at

RCC

ME-GI

demonstration

test at HHI

ME-GI

demonstration

test at MES

Development

of ME-LGIEthane

development

ME-GI/E PVU

at RRC

LGIP cylinder

installed

on research engine

at RCC

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2019 2020

Engine delivery

for TOTE MaritimeEngine delivery

for TEEKAY LNG ME-GI retrofit for Nakilat 1st sea trial on

methanol

1st sea trial on

ethane

ME-LGIP engines by

Exmar ordered

15 x ME-LGIP

Retrofit orders for

BW LPG

Hapaq Lloyd

9S90ME-C ME-GI

retrofit

2018

ME-GA test at

RCC

Dorthe Jacobsen - Lubricating future fuels

Ammonia

burning

engine

2023/24

09-06-2021

ME-GIE (Ethan):

> 50000 h

ME-GI (gas):

> 1600000 h

ME-LGIM (methanol):

> 100000 h

First ME-GA orders

ME-LGIP (LPG): > 7000 h

NH3 project

started

Public

MAN B&W engines for different fuels

12-05-2021Dorthe Jacobsen - Engine technology 10

Modular design enables extensive retrofit options, and MAN Energy Solutions future proof your investment

For description of MAN ES 2-stroke engine types:

https://marine.man-es.com/two-stroke/2-stroke-engines/overview

*Otto-cycle gas engine.

**Only one second fuel per retrofit.

*** Ammonia burning engine development started.

Fuel types MC ME-B ME-C ME-GI ME-GA* ME-GIE ME-LGIM ME-LGIP

0-0.50% S VLSFO Design Design Design Design Design Design Design Design

High-S HSHFO Design Design Design Design Design Design Design Design

LNG - - Retrofit** Design Design Design Retrofit** Retrofit**

LEG (Ethan) - - Retrofit** Retrofit** - Design Retrofit** Retrofit**

Methanol / Ethanol - - Retrofit** Retrofit** - Retrofit** Design Retrofit**

LPG - - Retrofit** Retrofit** - Retrofit** Retrofit** Design

Biofuels Design Design Design Design Design Design Design Design

Ammonia*** - - (Retrofit**) (Retrofit**) - (Retrofit**) (Retrofit**) (Retrofit**)

Public

Influencing factors on fuel choice


Fuel choice

CAPEX and

OPEX

After treat-ment

Logistics

Legisla-tion

Sustain-ability of

fuels

Com-plexity

Distillates

ULSFO

LNG

Ethane

LP

G

Me

tha

no

l

Bio

fue

l

Heavy fuel

Public

Recommendations3


Public 13

Communication on fuels and lube

09-06-2021Dorthe Jacobsen - Lubricating future fuels

Service Letters: https://marine.man-es.com/two-stroke/service-letters

• SL2020-698 - CPR piston ring pack – three ring configuration

• SL2020-694 - Cylinder oil and System oils. Introduction of Cat. I and Cat. II

• SL2020-692 - LDCL cooling system update

• SL2019-687 - Liner jacket cooling water system update

• SL2019-685 - Condition-based overhaul. Cermet coated piston rings

• SL2019-684 - Piston cleaning ring. Update of instruction for cleaning ring replacement. At First Opportunity!

• SL2019-674 - Fuel tank cleaning. Supplement to SL2019-670

• SL2019-671 - Cylinder lubrication update for 0 to 0.50% Sulphur fuels

• SL2019-670 - Operation on fuels with max 0.50% S

• SL2018-659 - Cermet coated piston rings for operation on low sulphur fuels (0.50% S or lower)

• SL2017-638 - Cleaning of Heavy Fuel Oil and Maximum 0.10% S Fuels - How to remove cat fines

• SL2014-587 - Cylinder Lubrication Update. For vessel with scrubbers. Always check for the newest!

MAN Energy Solutions Papers:

• 0.50% S fuel operation 2020. https://marine.man-es.com/two-stroke/technical-papers

Detailed information on preparation and operation on fuels with maximum 0.50% Sulphur

• Cat fines. Impact on engine wear and how to reduce wear. https://marine.man-es.com/marketing-publications/catfines-paper

https://marine.man-es.com/two-stroke/service-letters

https://marine.man-es.com/two-stroke/technical-papers

https://marine.man-es.com/marketing-publications/catfines-paper

Public

CIMAC guideline


On the Lubrication of Reciprocating Gas Engines

CIMAC WG8 | Guideline - Lubrication of Reciprocating Gas Engines

Four-stroke engines

− Oil lifetime

− Oxidation

− Nitration

− Low ash

Two-stroke engines

− Deposit control

https://www.cimac.com/publications/publications350/cimac-wg8-guideline-lubrication-of-reciprocating-gas-engines.html

Thank youvery much!

Dorthe Jacobsen

Engine Process Development

Internal

new fuel scenarios and their impact on lubrication

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