13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION

28 AUGUST - 1 SEPTEMBER 2019 SLIGO - IRELAND

Edited by James Bonsall

NEW GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL

PROSPECTION

13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION 2019

28 AUGUST - 1 SEPTEMBER 2019 SLIGO - IRELAND

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This volume is a product of the 13th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection 2019, which was hosted by the Department of Environmental Science in the Faculty of Science at the Institute of Technology Sligo. The conference is held every two years under the banner of the International Society for Archaeological Prospection and this was the first time that the conference was held in Ireland. New Global Perspectives on Archaeological Prospection draws together over 90 papers addressing archaeological prospection techniques, methodologies and case studies from 33 countries across Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America, reflecting current and global trends in archaeological prospection. At this particular ICAP meeting, specific consideration was given to the development and use of archaeological prospection in Ireland, archaeological feedback for the prospector, applications of prospection technology in the urban environment and the use of legacy data.

Papers include novel research areas such as magnetometry near the equator, drone-mounted radar, microgravity assessment of tombs, marine electrical resistivity tomography, convolutional neural networks, data processing, automated interpretive workflows and modelling as well as recent improvements in remote sensing, multispectral imaging and visualisation.

James Bonsall uses geophysical and remote sensing technology to investigate ancient people and landscapes. James is particularly interested in challenging upland and coastal environments that require technical expertise combined with novel methodological approaches to enhance the interpretation of past environments. James has twenty years of archaeological geophysical experience acquired in the commercial and academic sectors. His PhD, a fellowship from the National Roads Authority, focused on aspects of prospecting driven by legacy data collected during the ‘Celtic Tiger’ economic boom. James is a Lecturer in Archaeology at the Institute of Technology Sligo. His recent publications include a geoarchaeological study of shell middens on the west coast of Ireland; mapping pauper burials in the UK; and the challenges of surveying remote upland sites in Ireland and Italy.

13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION

28 AUGUST - 1 SEPTEMBER 2019 SLIGO - IRELAND

Edited by James Bonsall

NEW GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL

PROSPECTION

Archaeopress Publishing LtdSummertown Pavilion18-24 Middle WaySummertownOxford OX2 7LG

www.archaeopress.com

ISBN 978-1-78969-306-5ISBN 978-1-78969-307-2 (e-Pdf)

DOI 10.32028/9781789693072

© the individual authors and Archaeopress 2019

Cover images:

Top Left: Earth resistance data from a circular ditched monument SL014-209041-, Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery, Co. Sligo. 

Top right: Electromagnetic induction survey of a fulacht fia, monument SL008-205----, Coney Island, Co. Sligo. Photograph: Ciarán Davis

Bottom left: Megalithic Passage Tomb, monument SL014-209006-, Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery, Co. Sligo

Bottom right: Court Tomb, monument SL015-050----, Deerpark, Co. Sligo

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com

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CContents

The 13th ICAP and the mportance of Archaeological Prospection in Ireland .......... 8James Bonsall

13th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection: Organisation Committee ........................................................................................................... 1413th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection: Scientific Committee ........................................................................................................... 15

Part One – Archaeological Prospection in Europe ................................................. 16Harbours from Antiquity to the Middle Ages: a Geophysical Panorama ................................. 17

Wolfgang Rabbel, Dennis Wilken, Tina Wunderlich, Annika Fediuk, Michaela Schwardt, Daniel Köhn, Clemens Mohr, SPP 1630 Working Groups

High-resolution underwater archaeological prospection of Upper Austrian pile dwellings and lakes using multi-beam and sediment sonar ......................................................................... 21

Immo Trinks, Wolfgang Neubauer, Timothy Taylor, Mario Wallner, Klaus Löcker, Jutta Leskovar

Ground-penetrating radar study of the Asaviec 2 archaeological site, Belarus ....................... 24

Alina Tšugai-Tsyrulnikova, Jüri Plado, Maxim Charniauski, Irina Khrustaleva, Aivar Kriiska

The Challenge of Urban Archaeological Geophysics: the Example of Grand’Place in Brussels, Belgium ................................................................................................................................ 27

Michel Dabas, François Blary, Gianluca Catanzariti, Paulo Charruadas, Sébastien Flageul, Benjamin Van Nieuwenhoeve, Philippe Sosnowska, Alain Tabbagh

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (Data): 100-year Discussion over Roman Fort in Herzegovina solved with shards of information ........................................................................................ 32

Michal Pisz, Tomasz Dziurdzik

Geophysical surveys of Eneolithic ditch enclosures in central Bohemia .................................. 36

Roman Křivánek

The application of the geophysical method in forested highland terrains of Bohemia ............ 40

Roman Křivánek

Non-destructive survey of early medieval ramparts in the Czech Republic and Slovakia ........ 45

Peter Milo, Igor Murín, Michaela Prišťáková, Tomáš Tencer, Michal Vágner

Looking for military remains of the Battle of Gergovia: Benefits of a towed multi-frequency EMI survey ........................................................................................................................... 47

François-Xavier Simon, Guillaume Hulin, Yann Deberge, Marion Dacko

First 3D reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment at the Mesolithic site of Duvensee, Germany, using geophysics and geoarchaeology ................................................................... 51

Erica Corradini, Dennis Wilken, Marco Zanon, Daniel Groß , Harald Lübke, Diana Panning, Katharina Rusch, Rebekka Mecking, Ercan Erkul, Natalie Pickartz, Ingo Feeser, Wolfgang Rabbel

Interaction of geophysical prospection, archaeological excavation and historical sources to reconstruct a medieval monastery in Southern Bavaria ......................................................... 54

Roland Linck, Florian Becker, Mario Hölzl

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The sunken trade centre of Rungholt – Geophysical investigations in the German North Frisian Wadden Sea ......................................................................................................................... 58

Michaela Schwardt, Dennis Wilken, Hanna Hadler, Annika Fediuk, Tina Wunderlich, Andreas Vött, Wolfgang Rabbel

3-D Resistivity Imaging of Rock-Cut Chamber Tombs: the case of the Mycenaean Cemetery inProsilio, Greece .................................................................................................................... 62

Nikos Papadopoulos, Dimitris Oikonomou, Gianluca Cantoro, Nikos Andronikidis, Apostolos Sarris

Manifestation of the urban design of ancient cities in northern Greece by archaeological prospection .......................................................................................................................... 66

Gregory N. Tsokas, Panagiotis Tsourlos, George Vargemezis

Ground-Penetrating radar (GPR) for non-destructive testing of monument walls .................. 69

Gregory Tsokas, Nectaria Diamanti, Dimitrios Angelis, Panagiotis Tsourlos, George Vargemezis

From Roman Villas to 19th century gardens: case studies of geophysical surveys for built heritage in Hungary .............................................................................................................. 73

László Nagy

Hidden Depths and Empty Spaces: the contribution of archaeological prospection to the study of early medieval Ireland ...................................................................................................... 75

Susan Curran

Visualizing the Village: A Comparative Assessment of Remote Sensing Methods on Inishark, Co. Galway, Ireland .............................................................................................................. 78

Sean Field, Ian Kuijt

Unusual monuments, Unusual molecules: geochemical processes at work in County Limerick, Ireland ................................................................................................................................. 81

Newgrange, New Monuments and New Perspectives............................................................ 85

Joanna Leigh, Geraldine Stout, Matthew Stout

Microgravimetry for cavity detection–an example from pilot measurements on Newgrange passage tomb (Brú na Bóinne World Heritage Site, Ireland) .................................................. 87

Roman Pasteka, Pavol Zahorec, Juraj Papco, Conor Brady, Kevin Barton

When the Norsemen return: Complementary GPR surveys at the Viking Age site of Woodstown, County Waterford, Ireland ............................................................................... 91

Petra Schneidhofer

Revisiting the Segesta and the Monreale Survey Sites - The Benefits and Possibilities of Digitising Analog Archaeological Spatial Data ........................................................................ 96

Doris Jetzinger, Christopher Sevara

Integrating geophysical and geoarchaeological surveys for the reconstruction of a Roman Port infrastructure: the Claudian Harbour at Portus ..................................................................... 99

Stephen Kay, Elena Pomar, Simon Keay, Kristian Strutt, Stoil Chapkanski, Jean-Philippe Goiran

Extensive Geophysical Investigations to study the Archaeological Site of Norba (Norma, Central Italy) ...................................................................................................................... 104

Salvatore Piro, Stefania Quilici Gigli, Enrico Papale, Daniela Zamuner

Innovating Archaeological Investigations in Mediterranean Landscapes: Contributions from the Prospecting Boundaries Project .................................................................................... 107

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Christopher Sevara, Michael Doneus, Erich Draganits, Roderick B. Salisbury, Cipriano Frazzetta, Doris Jetzinger, Sheba-Celina Schilk, Sebastiano Tusa

Looking for Etruscan harbours: geophysical survey of the ancient site of Pyrgi .................... 111

Quentin Vitale, Christophe Benech, Jean-Philippe Goiran

Investigating a tumulus in the Etruscan necropolis of Banditaccia – Applying multiple non-invasive prospection methods on a World Heritage Site ...................................................... 115

Mario Wallner, Immo Trinks, Ingrid Schlögel, Alois Hinterleitner, Hannes Schiel, Tanja Trausmuth, Fabio Colivicchi, Maurizio Forte, Wolfgang Neubauer

Prospecting Mesolithic buried landscapes and sites. Two case studies from two different types of landscapes in the southern Netherlands ......................................................................... 119

Eelco Rensink

"Where animals were equal to humans". Surprising results of complementary geophysical survey on gallows in Lower Silesia (Poland)......................................................................... 121

Michal Pisz, Magdalena Majorek, Bartosz Świątkowski, Daniel Wojtucki, Karolina Wojtucka, Krzysztof Narloch

Back to the roots. Remote sensing techniques for rediscovering the Chalcolithic eponymous settlement of Cucuteni culture, Romania ............................................................................ 125

Andrei Asandulesei, Felix-Adrian Tencariu, Radu-Ștefan Balaur, Mihaela Asandulesei

Understanding the Anomaly: Multi-Method Geoscientific Research Applied on a Roman Fort in Pojejena ......................................................................................................................... 129

Michal Pisz, Radoslaw Mieszkowski, Emil Jęczmienowski

Geophysical and archaeological research of the baroque church of Saint Nicolas in Kovarce, Slovakia .............................................................................................................................. 133

Mário Bielich, Ján Tirpák

Outlining the karst: ERT and GPR surveys to detect karstic morphologies in the Sierra de Atapuerca sites (Burgos, Spain) ........................................................................................... 136

Lucía Bermejo Albarrán, Ana Isabel Ortega, Roger Guérin, Lawrence Conyers, Josep M. Parés, Isidoro Campaña, José María Bermúdez de Castro, Eudald Carbonell

Archaeological feedback of a GPR survey at Labeagako Santa Maria (Navarre): confirmation of survey interpretation and few more surprises ..................................................................... 139

Ekhine Garcia-Garcia, Roger Sala, Alexandre Duró, Helena Ortiz-Quintana, Rosario Mateo, Javier Nuin

Multi method investigation of submerged features at Semblister, Shetland ........................ 143

Claire Christie, Michael Stratiagos, Benjamin Jennings

The Archaeology of 20th Century Sports and Leisure: topophilia, interiography and texture 148

Chris Gaffney, Tom Sparrow, Alex Corkum, Helen McCreary, Chrys Harris, Jason Wood

A New Look at Old County Number Records: Geophysical Reassessment of Scheduled Roman Villas .................................................................................................................................. 150

Neil Linford, Paul Linford, Andrew Payne

The influence of buried archaeology on equine locomotion: results from the Burghley Horse trials cross country course .................................................................................................. 154

Neil Linford, Russell Mackechnie-Guire

When finding nothing is interesting .................................................................................... 157

Kris Lockyear

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Co-creation and archaeological prospection: LoCATE – The Local Community Archaeological Training and Equipment Project .......................................................................................... 161

Kate Welham, James Brown, Paul Cheetham, Mike Gill, Lawrence Shaw

Part Two – Archaeological Prospection in Africa ................................................ 164Old Plans versus Geophysical Surveys: the case study of Gurob (Fayum, Egypt) ................... 165

Lionel Darras, Tomasz Herbich, Marine Yoyotte

Geophysical surveying in Egypt and Sudan: periodical report for 2017–2018 ....................... 169

Tomasz Herbich, Robert Ryndziewicz

3-D Electrical Resistivity Tomography in an Urban Environment: the case of Shallalat Gardens,Alexandria, Egypt ............................................................................................................... 173

Nikos Papadopoulos, Dimitris Oikonomou, Nasos Argyriou, George Kritikakis, Calliope Limneos Papakosta

Going back to Medamud: Excavation feedback on processing, interpretation and planning . 177

Julien Thiesson, Félix Relats Montserrat

Magnetic prospection close to the magnetic equator: Case studies in the Tigray plateau of Aksum and Yeha, Ethiopia .................................................................................................. 180

Sandra Ostner, Jörg W.E. Fassbinder, Mandana Parsi, Iris Gerlach, Sarah Japp

Surveying Kushite sites in Sudan: town and cemetery in Kawa ............................................ 184

Tomasz Herbich, Robert Ryndziewicz

Archaeo–geophysical prospection of forts in the North Omdurman (Sudan) ........................ 188

Robert Ryndziewicz, Mariusz Drzewiecki

Part Three – Archaeological Prospection in Asia ................................................. 192Magnetic signal prospecting in a former Achaemenid ‘palace’: the example of Gumbati (Georgia) ............................................................................................................................ 193

Julien Thiesson, Sébastien Gondet, Jörg W.E. Fassbinder, Florian Becker, Marion Scheiblecker, Sandra Ostner, Mandana Parsi, Solène Bourgeois Espèron, Kai Kaniuth

Venice in the desert: Archaeological geophysics on the world’s oldest metropolis Uruk-Warka, the city of King Gilgamesh (Iraq) ......................................................................................... 197

Jörg Fassbinder, Sandra Ostner, Marion Scheiblecker, Mandana Parsi, Margarete van Ess

Ancient Charax Spasinou (Iraq) – Interpreting a multi-phase city based on magnetometer survey data ........................................................................................................................ 201

Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser

Revealing the Hidden Structure of the Ancient City Ur (Iraq) with Electrical Resistivity Tomography ....................................................................................................................... 206

Mandana Parsi, Jörg Fassbinder, Nikos Papadopoulos, Marion Scheiblecker, Sandra Ostner

Geophysical survey of single phase archaeological sites: Magnetometry in Wadi Shamlu, Kurdistan, Northern Iraq ..................................................................................................... 209

Marion Scheiblecker, Simone Mühl, Jörg Faßbinder

Conclusions from Twenty Years of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Surveys in Israel for Archaeological Prospection ................................................................................................. 214

Paul Bauman, Alastair McClymont, Eric Johnson, Richard Freund, Randy Shinduke

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Restoring burial mounds damaged by disasters — Contribution of archaeological prospection to collect information at the Idera burial mound, Japan ...................................................... 216

Akihiro Kaneda, Hiroshi Yamaguchi

UAV-based Airborne Laser Scanning in densely vegetated areas: Detecting Sue pottery kilns in Nakadake Sanroku, Japan ................................................................................................... 220

Michael Doneus, Maria Shinoto, Irmela Herzog, Naoko Nakamura, Hideyuki Haijima, Tomokazu Ōnishi, Shōhei Kita'ichi, Baoquan Song

Interpreting GPR data from Jaffna Fort, Northern Sri Lanka, using historic maps and new excavations ........................................................................................................................ 224

Armin Schmidt, Prishanta Gunawardhana, Christopher Davis, Duncan Hale, Robin Coningham, P. Pushparatnam, Richie Villis, Mark Woolston-Houshold, Mark Manuel

Common interpretation of induced polarization tomography (IPT) results with other geophysical methods in an archaeological site .................................................................... 228

Meriç Aziz Berge, Mahmut Göktuğ Drahor, Caner Öztürk, Atilla Ongar

Comparison of excavation results with GPR and magnetic gradiometer surveys at a workshop area in Šapinuwa, Central Anatolia/Turkey ......................................................................... 232

Mahmut Göktuğ Drahor, Caner Öztürk, Meriç Aziz Berge, Aygül Süel, Atilla Ongar, Sedef Ayyıldız, Semih Gerçek, Murat Aydın

Archaeological interpretation of the prospection data from Ephesos .................................. 236

Jasmin Scheifinger

Part Four – Archaeological Prospection in Australasia ........................................ 241

Multiple processing and interpretation methods of a complex 3-D GPR dataset: An example from northern Australia ...................................................................................................... 242

Lawrence Conyers

Urupa - burial grounds - and remote sensing in Aotearoa (New Zealand) ............................ 247

Hans-Dieter Bader

Part Five – Archaeological Prospection in North America ................................... 249

Village Life in the Middle Ohio Valley, USA: Geophysical Survey and Anomaly Testing ......... 250

Jarrod Burks

Geophysical Evidence for the Timing, Pace, and Complexity of Construction at the Poverty Point World Heritage Site, Louisiana, USA ........................................................................... 254

Michael Hargrave, R. Berle Clay, Diana Greenlee, Rinita Dalan

The Origins of the West Plaza Rise at the Poverty Point World Heritage Site, Louisiana, USA259

Rinita Dalan, Diana Greenlee, Michael L. Hargrave, R. Berle Clay, Thurman Allen, George Holley

GPR Investigations in Earthlodges of the Northern Plains, USA ............................................ 264

Kenneth L. Kvamme

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Part Six – Technical Aspects of Data Acquistion, Analysis, Processing and Visualisation ...................................................................................................... 267

Drone radar: A new survey approach for Archaeological Prospection? ................................ 268

Roland Linck, Alen Kaltak

The limits of a blob: geophysically informed automatic extraction of magnetometer anomalies .......................................................................................................................................... 272

Armin Schmidt

Quantification of Daub Masses based on Magnetic Prospection Data .................................. 274

Natalie Pickartz, Robert Hofmann, Stefan Dreibrodt, Knut Rassmann, Liudmyla Shatilo, René Ohlrau, Dennis Wilken, Wolfgang Rabbel

Applying Magnetic Depth Estimation Techniques to Archaeo-geophysics ............................ 279

Jeremy G. Menzer

Modelling the layer between topsoil and subsoil using magnetic prospection data ............. 282

Alois Hinterleitner, Ralf Totschnig, Klaus Löcker, Hannes Schiel, Bendeguz Tobias

Pathways to prediction: quantifying the impact of soil moisture variations on electric and electromagnetic contrast .................................................................................................... 286

Philippe De Smedt, Daan Hanssens

A 3D imaging procedure for subsurface magnetic susceptibility: application to the basaltic foundations of a Gallo-Roman villa in Auvergne, France ...................................................... 289

Julien Guillemoteau, Francois-Xavier Simon, Bertrand Dousteyssier, Marion Dacko, Guillaume Hulin, Jens Tronicke

WuMapPy an open-source software for geophysical prospection data processing: 2019 milestone ........................................................................................................................... 293

Quentin Vitale, Lionel Darras, Christophe Benech, Julien Thiesson

Automated segmentation of archaeo-geophysical images by convolutional neural networks .......................................................................................................................................... 296

Melda Küçükdemırcı, Apostolos Sarris

Rise of the Machines: Improving the identification of possible graves in GPR data with interactive survey guidance and machine learning .............................................................. 300

Ashely Green, Paul Cheetham

Automated detection and analysis of diffraction hyperbolas in ground-penetrating radar data .......................................................................................................................................... 305

Lieven Verdonck

Novel volume visualisation of GPR data inspired by medical applications ............................ 309

Wolfgang Neubauer, Alexander Bornik, Mario Wallner, Geert Verhoeven

Strategies for the optimization of 3-D electrical resistivity tomography data using the Jacobian matrix ................................................................................................................................ 313

Kleanthis Simyrdanis, Nikos Papadopoulos

Processing Strategies for 3-D Marine Dynamic Electrical Resistivity Tomography Data ........ 317

Dimitrios Oikonomou, Nikos Papadopoulos, Kleanthis Simyrdanis, Gianluca Cantoro, Julien Beck, Meng Heng Loke

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Improving the lithological significance of shear wave tomograms through coring and pressure correction ........................................................................................................................... 322

Dennis Wilken, Wolfgang Rabbel, Tina Wunderlich, Martina Karle

Aerial thermal imaging from UAV in archaeology, a case study: the abandoned medieval town of Montecorvino (Foggia, Italy) ........................................................................................... 326

Luca d'Altilia

Multi-spectral, multi-temporal survey in the American Midwest ......................................... 328

Helen McCreary, Jarrod Burks, Alex Corkum, Chris Gaffney, Andy Wilson

Evaluating the capability of a SUAS mounted multispectral sensor for the mapping of archaeological resources in an alluvial landscape ................................................................ 331

Nicholas Crabb, Matthew Brolly, Niall Burnside, Andy Howard, Robin Jackson, Chris Carey

Beneath the Stains of Time: The physiochemical prospection of multiperiod sites in southern Britain - a geophysics approach to geochemistry? ............................................................... 335

Paul Cheetham

Three-dimensional modelling of petroglyphs of South Siberia ............................................. 337

Vladislav Kazakov, Vasily Kovalev, Kair Zhumadilov, Lyudmila Lbova, Aleksandr Simukhin

Part Seven – Improving our Legacy: Reviewing the Key Outcomes of Archaeological Prospection Data ............................................................................................... 339

Introducing the ‘Soil science & Archaeo-Geophysics Alliance’ (SAGA): a new interdisciplinary network in archaeo-geophysics........................................................................................... 340

Carmen Cuenca-Garcia, Kayt Armstrong, Apostolos Sarris, Philippe De Smedt, Clare Wilson, Elina Aidona, Anne Roseveare, Martin Roseveare, Petra Schneidhofer, Jörg Faßbinder, Ian Moffat, Marion Scheiblecker, Abir Jrad, Martijn van Leusen, Kelsey Lowe, and SAGA's Management Committee

Laying the geophysical groundwork: in situ measurements as a framework for strategizing archaeological prospection ................................................................................................. 344

Philippe De Smedt, Ynse Declercq, Daan Hanssens, Wouter B. Verschoof-van der Vaart, Tom Hamburg, Walter Laan, Pieter Lalloo, Frédéric Cruz, Karsten Lambers

Review strategies for archaeological prospection, incorporating excavation and research ... 345

Cian Hogan

Methodological framework to automatically compare large-scale magnetometry measurements with excavation datasets ............................................................................ 349

Gábor Mesterházy

Archaeological guidelines for geophysical survey in the urban environment ........................ 353

Guglielmo Strapazzon, Dimitrios Oikonomou, Evan Alevizos, Kleanthis Simyrdanis, Melda Küçükdemirci, Apostolos Sarris

Addressing archaeological research questions using geophysical surveys – a landscape case study .................................................................................................................................. 355

Jakob Kainz

Up-skilling and Up-scaling: the realities of adapting to the challenges of the current environment in British commercial geophysics ................................................................... 359

Chrys Harris

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CCo-creation and archaeological prospection: LoCATE – The Local Community Archaeological Training and Equipment Project

Kate Welham1, James Brown2, Paul Cheetham1, Mike Gill3, Lawrence Shaw2

1Bournemouth University, Poole, United Kingdom, 2New Forest National Park Authority, United Kingdom, 3Avon Valley Archaeological Society, United Kingdom

This paper is based on the co-creation of research through an innovative partnership focused around archaeological prospection techniques. LoCATE (Local Community Archaeological Training and Equipment) is a project that brings together archaeologists at Bournemouth University and the New Forest National Park Authority with archaeological societies and community groups from across Dorset and Hampshire. LoCATE provides access, training, and support for the use of advanced survey equipment that can otherwise be hard to get hold of. It supports the work that all partners already do by extending the range of techniques and skills they can use and expanding their capacity to undertake research. The idea for LoCATE was first instigated in 2015 when members of the Avon Valley Archaeological Society approached the University and asked them to consider providing access to older, but serviceable geophysical equipment that was not being used regularly for teaching and other activities. Working with the New Forest National Park Authority, LoCATE was developed, and the first instrument made available was a Geoscan Research FM36 followed a year later by a Geoscan Research RM15. Most recently a total station has been added to the equipment pool, funded through Heritage Lottery Funding (Our Past and Our Future, Landscape Partnership Scheme) and the Hampshire Field Club and Archaeological Society. Access to the equipment is managed through the New Forest’s volunteer equipment loan system. LoCATE members are given access to free training on these techniques using a variety of expertise situated across the partnership (Fig. 1), and LoCATE members sign up to a code of responsible survey and data sharing (Fig. 2). Open data is a core value, and LoCATE also encourages members to use open access materials and software, for example Snuffler freeware geophysics software (Staveley 2018). Inter-partner support is fostered through a variety of means including shared prospection activities, and project social media channels.

Fig. 1. LoCATE training day (Photo: L. Shaw).

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Fig. 2. LoCATE member report on the FM36 gradiometry results from Bustard Farm, East Martin (Hampshire).

Now in its fourth year, LoCATE has become well established, enabling relationships that support the research agendas of all partners. It has developed both capacity and expertise in the use of archaeological prospection activities in the local region. Example of the success of the project can be seen through the diversity of the outcomes from the work of LoCATE members from prehistoric monuments, including previously understudied Neolithic long and oval barrows (Fig. 3) and Bronze Age double ring ditches, to extensive Romano-British sites along the Avon Valley and on Cranborne Chase (Hampshire) (Gill 2019a; 2019b). Through these surveys LoCATE members have achieved their own research aims, but also contributed to the collective goal of the project in enabling an improved understanding of the rich archaeological heritage of our region.

Fig. 3. The results of an initial LoCATE member survey using the FM36 gradiometer to identify a ploughed out long barrow near Fordingbridge (Hampshire).

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In conclusion, LoCATE provides a new model for community engagement in archaeological prospection projects. In an era where the integration of techniques and data are central themes, it is perhaps timely to also consider the integration of people, and how we best work with a variety of different communities to create a shared understanding of our collective past. References Gill, M. 2019a. New long barrow discoveries in the vicinity of the middle Avon Valley and Cranborne Chase. PAST. 91, 5-7. Gill, M. 2019b. Putting old kit to good use, the LoCATE geophysical project. British Archaeology. March/April 2019. 30(5). Staveley, D. 2018. Snuffler - Freeware Geophysics Software. Available from: http://www.sussexarch.org.uk/geophys/snuffler.html