New Source Of Water For The Industry: For The Industry: From Reuse To Seawater DesalinationSeawater Desalination

Veronique BonnelyeVeronique BonnelyePierre MazounieChristophe Comtep13th International Riversymposium

Overview

• Int od tion De lin tion nd Re e• Introduction: Desalination and Reuse

• Focus on Desalination Technologies• Focus on Desalination Technologies

• Case study in Mining IndustryCase study in Mining Industry

• PerspectivesPerspectives

October 11 - 14, 2010

Introduction Drinking waterDrinking water

IrrigationDesalination REUSE

Irrigation

Industry

2.4 Billion people live near the sea D li ti l d

368 billion m3/year wastewater collected in the

Desalination, already an alternative for more than 200 million people

worldOnly 160 billion m3/year

t t t t d dmillion peopleMore than 1% of global drinking water produced by

wastewater are treated and 7,1 km3/year (4,5%) reclaimed

October 11 - 14, 2010 3

drinking water produced by desalination

reclaimed.

REUSEUrban Indirect

Non publicLandscape irrigation

Usages(un-controlled public access)

drinking water

usages

Industries

Non humanCrops

irrigation SpecificCultures irrigation

f

irrigation

Protection of receiving

bodiesShellfish

&Human

October 11 - 14, 2010 4

& bathing areas

crops irrigation

REUSE: A reality

Cubbon Park (India)Firgas (Canary Island)Morrojable (Spain)

logy

Calasparra (Spain)Grasse (France)Lusail (Qatar)Pimpama (Australia)

Pretreatment MB RUltrafor®C, N-DN

enon

® T

echn

o

Title 22Sensitive EnvironmentIrrigation

Pimpama (Australia)

Cl2

UV

Ze IrrigationUrban non potable usesIndustry (Water cooling)

Povaï (Bora Bora)

Disinfection

Pretreatment Activated sludgeC, N-DN

ClarificationEDI

TertiaryUF

Jinamar (Canary island)

Doha West (Qatar)Cl2

ElectrodeionizationIrrigationIndustry (boiler, process water)/indirectPotable uses

Reject

October 11 - 14, 2010 5ReverseOsmosis

Potable usesWest Basin (USA)

Desalination as a key element in Municipal Drinking Water resourceMunicipal Drinking Water resource

•Already the main source of water supply in several arid countries Desalination

Cubic meters per day

countries, Desalination is increasingly considered as an insurance against drought risks in

ltemperate climate

Cumulative Contracted Desalination Capacity•Installed capacity has increased by 190% over the last 10 years

Cumulative Contracted Desalination CapacitySource: GWI Desalination Plant inventory, 2010

over the last 10 years

October 11 - 14, 2010 6

Desalination

• Distillation (MSF), Jebel Ali, United Arab Emirates

• Di till ti (MED) • R O i

October 11 - 14, 2010 7

• Distillation (MED), Bahrain

• Reverse OsmosisPerth, Australia

Desalination energy consumption20

1214161820

m3

468

1012

HeatElectricity

Equivalence heat /

kWh/

m

024

Reverse Osmosis Distillation (MED) Distillation (MSF)

qelectricity :

10.5MJ/1kWhe

Consumption in kWh/m3 for seawater at 36g/l TDS

Energy Consumption Evolution for Seawater RO10 00

6 007.008.009.00

10.00

/m3

RO Consumption 1st pass Total Consumption

2 003.004.005.006.00

kW.h

/

1 75-1 50

October 11 - 14, 2010 8

0.001.002.00

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

Theoretical limit for TDS of 36000 to 39500 mg/l1.75-1.50

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Reverse osmosis

Pre-treatment Remineralizationosmosistreatment

9

REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE AND ELEMENT

10

Reverse osmosis in Industry

•Reverse osmosis membranes are used for 3 specific applications:− To remove salts: from Brackish water and seawater− To remove organics: from surface water, waste

water and industrial reuse− To produce demineralised water

CASE STUDY: Desalination for mining industryMinera Escondida Limited (MEL)e a sco d da ted ( )El Coloso Plant

October 11 - 14, 2010 11

Minera Escondida Limited (MEL)

MEL is the largest copper mine in the world (BHP Plant).

All f h i

This open-pit mine is based in the Atacama desert area in North of Chile.

All of the ore is extracted from the open pitthe open pit mine, which moves approximately 350 millions of t ftones of material per year

October 11 - 14, 2010 12

year.

El Coloso SW Reverse Osmosis Plant

1

180 Km

3100 m

Sulphide Leach Project

2

El Coloso Port

2

El Coloso Port

October 11 - 14, 2010 13

3 The plant is located on the coast, 15 Km the South of Antofagasta

El Coloso SW Reverse Osmosis Plant a 45 360 m3/d Desalination Planta 45,360 m /d Desalination Plant

4 Cartridge

4 SW R.O.TrainsRecovery 50%

7 Dual M 5 Dual M 4 CartridgeFilters

4 TurboPumps11 350 m3/d each7 Dual M.

Filters 1st5 Dual M.Filters 2nd

Reject Treated W Tank

ClarifiedW t W.Tank

IF

Water Pumps

IF

Remineralization Sludge Dewatering

Sludge

Sea WaterO I k

Flotation Sand TDS < 1300 mg/lRyznar Index > 6.5

Sludge treatment

Sea Water

Open Intake3 AquaDAFTM IF

Sa dRemoval

Sea water 36 500 /l

TDS < 1300 mg/l

Water to the mineL= 180 km

October 11 - 14, 2010 14

Sea Water Pumps

36.500 mg/l11-23 ºC

L= 180 kmH= 3100 m

El Coloso SW Reverse Osmosis Plant

October 11 - 14, 2010 15

El Coloso SW Reverse Osmosis Plant Views of the siteViews of the site

October 11 - 14, 2010 16

Conclusion: Desalination and reuse – a complementary solutioncomplementary solution

•D li ti d b th l •Desalination and reuse are both commonly used in industry.

•They are complementary solutions to increase water supply.

•Integrated resource management standpoint−Desalination appears as a true source of Desalination appears as a true source of

« additional freshwater », rainfall independent that can be used for every independent that can be used for every purpose

October 11 - 15, 2010 17

Conclusion: Desalination and reuse – a complementary solutioncomplementary solution

−Reuse is a « second stage» in a cascade of gwater uses; it does not create additional freshwater and is using treatable source of gwaste water.

•Geographic standpointGeographic standpoint−Waste water is available everywhere in urban areas; Industrial waste water is urban areas; Industrial waste water is available at the production siteS li t i il bl tl i t l −Saline water is available mostly in costal areas -> Water transfer cost (investment

d )and energy)October 11 - 14, 2010 18

Water Recycling Desalination

Smarter use of Water

Catchment Management

GroundwaterManagement

Surface WaterWater Trading