new towards a european drought observatory (edo) · 2016. 6. 3. · jrc information exchange day...
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JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 1
Towards a European Drought Observatory (EDO)
Jürgen VogtEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre
Institute for Environment and SustainabilityIspra (VA), Italy
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 2
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Temporary decrease in natural water availability
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Different from water scarcity (imbalance between natural water availability and human demand)
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Slowly developing phenomenon
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Affects large areas and populations
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Propagates through the full hydrological cycle
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Can have long-term and far reaching economic and environmental impacts
Characteristics of DroughtCharacteristics of Drought
Drought
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 3
Area Affected by DroughtArea Affected by Drought19
76
1980
1990
2000
2006
200 000
400 000
600 000
800 000
1 200 000
1 400 000
1 000 000
km2
1976
19901991
1995
2003
1989
’83
‘88
EU area affected by drought in the last 30 years
1976
1980
1990
2000
2006
200 000
400 000
600 000
800 000
1 200 000
1 400 000
1 000 000
km2
1976
19901991
1995
2003
1989
’83
‘88
EU area affected by drought in the last 30 years
In the last 30 years Europe has repeatedly been affected by major droughts
In the past, focus on the Mediterranean region
Central and Eastern Europe as well as other parts of Europe become increasingly affected
From 2000 to 2006, 15% of the EU territory and 17% of the EU population have been affected on an annual basis
Source: European Commission, 2007 (WS&D, 2nd
Interim Report)
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 4
Drought ImpactsDrought Impacts
Period Total Impact Impact/year
1976 – 1980 12 340 2 470
1981 – 1985 4 360 870
1986 – 1990 14 460 2 890
1991 – 1995 23 390 4 680
1996 – 2000 8 060 1 610
2001 – 2006 37 400 6 230
TOTAL 100 000
Environmental Impacts:
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Drought can cause serious long-term environmental impacts (e.g., water quality, salinization, desiccation of wetlands, soil erosion, desertification, …)
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These impacts are difficult to quantify and data are generally lacking
Economic Impacts:
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Last 30 years: estimated cost of at least 100 billion Euros
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2003: estimated 6.7 billion Euros, 1/3 of EU territory affected
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Annual economic impact doubled from 1976- 1990 to 1991-2006
Source: European Commission, 2007 (WS&D, 2nd
Interim Report)
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 5
Communication on Water Scarcity and Drought
yearly aggregated drought indicators
yearly water scarcity indicators
EDOJRC
European Reporting and Information System (WISE)
WS&D-ISEEA
Global Drought Monitoring System
NetworkNetwork
COM(2007)414Final
EDO ContextEDO Context
EDOEuropean Drought Observatory
WS&D ISWater Scarcity
& Drought Information System
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 6
EDO - VisionEDO - Vision
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Web-based Platform for detection, monitoring, forecasting and information exchange
Provide up-to-date drought-related information at different scales
Allow for up- and downscaling
Real-time monitoring and forecasting (early warning, preparedness)
Europe
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Multi-scale approach, integratingContinental level MS level Regional level
Commonly agreed products (e.g., drought indices)
Joint comparison and analysis of information
Spain
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Subsidiarity principleEuropean level information processed by JRCNational datasets managed at MS levelRegional information processed by river basin / regional environmental authorities
Ebro basin
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 7
Need for a set of indicators
to constantly monitor the various
environmental components
potentially affected by droughts
No single definition of drought
Using a Variety of Drought IndicatorsUsing a Variety of Drought Indicators
comprehensive and updated picture of the situation
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 8
MeteorologicalData
Stations
Fields
Fore-casts
Relevant Authorities: European level, Member States, River Basins, …
EDO Map ServerEDO Map Server
EDO System SetupEDO System Setup
European Data Layers
LC/LUSoil
DEM
…
RBs
VEGETATION STATE
Hydrological Processes
MONITORING MONITORING & MODELLING& MODELLING
Land Surface ProcessesRemote SensingData
FAPAR
NDWI
TimeSeries
ProductsProducts
Rainfall Anomalies
Soil MoistureAnomalies
VegetationVigour
…
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 9
Monthly Precipitation Anomaly (SPI-1)April 2010, 5km grid
Monthly Precipitation Anomaly (SPI-1)April 2010, average per region
Precipitation AnalysisPrecipitation Analysis
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 10
Precipitation AnalysisPrecipitation Analysis
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
SPI-3
3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)for 02-04/2010, aggregated to regional level
Córdoba, 1990 -
today
Extremely drySPI < -2.00
Severe dry-2.00 ≤ SPI < -1.50
Moderately dry-1.50 ≤ SPI < -1.00
Near normal-1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.00
Moderately wet1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.50
Very wet1.50 ≤ SPI < 2.00
Extremely wetSPI ≥ 2.00
Class nameSPI value
Extremely drySPI < -2.00
Severe dry-2.00 ≤ SPI < -1.50
Moderately dry-1.50 ≤ SPI < -1.00
Near normal-1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.00
Moderately wet1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.50
Very wet1.50 ≤ SPI < 2.00
Extremely wetSPI ≥ 2.00
Class nameSPI value
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 11
Soil Moisture InformationSoil Moisture Information
Based on the LISFLOOD hydrological model5km spatial resolution
Soil Moisture
1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0 very wet very dry
13 April 2010
Soil Moisture Anomaly
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 wetter normal drier
13 April 2010
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 wetter normal drier
Soil Moisture Anomaly Forecast (7 days)
Until 22 April 2010 Until 22 April 2010
Soil Moisture Trend (7 days)
wetter no change drier
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 12
Vegetation VitalityVegetation Vitality
fAPAR, 21-31 May 20091km resolution
fAPAR Anomaly, 21-31 May 2009Fraction of Absorbed PhotosyntheticallyActive Radiation (fAPAR)
Satellite Observations
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 13
SE SpainDrought events in 2005 and 2006.
Anomalies ofVegetation Vigour, Soil Moisture, and Precipitation (SPI3)
Non-irrigated arable land
Multisource Drought MonitoringMultisource Drought Monitoring
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 14
EDO Map Server: Output OptionsEDO Map Server: Output Options
Maps (Grid and administrative units)
Time Series (Specific queries possible)
PDF Reports, JPGs
KML file
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 15
Next StepsNext Steps
1. Europe: Further development and validation of indicators
2. Europe: Building of composite indicator
3. Harmonisation and integration with national, regional and river basin systems
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EUROGEOSS project data and information infrastructure
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Water Scarcity and Drought Expert Network
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Drought Management Centre for South East Europe (DMCSEE), Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Observatorio
Nacional
de Sequías
(MARM, Spain)
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Confederación
Hidrografica
del Ebro (CHE, Spain)
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Segura River Basin (Spain)
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Italy, France, UK, …
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 16
Joint Research CentreDrought Monitoring and Forecasting
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Rainfall monitoring -
Vegetation Cover-
Soil Moisture
Ministerio de Medio Ambiente (MARM)Observatorio Nacional de la SequíaSistema Integrado de Informacióndel Agua (SIA)e.g. drought indicators, actual ET, …
Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro SAIH Ebro, SITEbrohydrographic indicators
p g y p ypp g y p yp
Multi-level Drought MonitoringMulti-level Drought Monitoring
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 17
Next StepsNext Steps
4. Build a database on past drought events
5. Hazard, vulnerability and risk analysis
6. Impact analysis (e.g., land cover analysis, economic and ecological damages, …)
7. Drought forecasting
8. Develop a comprehensive Drought Portal, including
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EDO Map Server
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Metadata
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Database on past drought events
- …
To support drought management planning and drought mitigation
EDO Prototype to be ready by end 2012
JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 18
Thank you!
Further Information:[email protected]
http://desert.jrc.ec.europa.eu
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu