.INDUSTRY

Ocsparcolor Licenses Color Process to Eastman Kodak

Gasparcolor and Eastman Kodak have entered into a license agreement. Kodak has obtained rights for itself and its customers to use two Gasparcolor-patented inventions. Both patents have to do with the arrangement and color sensitivity of emulsion layers in a multicolor photographic film.

According to one patent, silver chlo­ride emulsions insensitive to blue light can be used for the two upper layers of a multicolor film. The lower layer can be an ordinary silver halide emul­sion which is inherently blue sensitive. This permits the uppermost layer to be sensitized to green and the second layer to red so that images which are subsequently converted to magenta and cyan are recorded in the front of the film and consequently with greater sharpness. The arrangement permits elimination of a filter layer normally required behind an ordinary blue sensi­tive silver halide layer when it is the uppermost layer of the film.

The other patent has to do with ar­rangement of layers in which relative speeds of overlying and underlying layers are utilized to obtain an advan­tage similar to that indicated above for the silver chloride emulsion patent.

Kodak's license is nonexclusive.

Dewey & Almy Buys 200-Acre Site for Cryovac Bag Plant

A 200-acre site has been bought near Greenville, S. C , for construction of plant to make Cryovac plastic bags. This is the third such plant for Dewey & Almy Chemical division of W. R. Grace & Co.

Construction will begin immediately. The new plant is expected to begin operation by midsummer.

The plant will be of one-story con­struction and will have complete facili­ties for extruding, bag fabrication, and four-color printing. Its capacity will be approximately equal to that of the plants at Lockport and Cedar Rapids. These two plants have recently been expanded and improved. The Green­ville plant will employ between 300 and 400 people when it is in full opera­tion.

International Minerals Completes $2 Million Potash Expansion

A $2 million expansion and moderni­zation program has been completed at International Minerals & Chemical's Niagara Falls plant.

The two-year expansion increased chlorine capacity of the plant by 25%. This brings output to 25 tons a day. It also doubled the capacity to produce

liquid potassium hydrc ide and potas­sium carbonate. In addition, a new unit for producing 60 tons a day of 20° Bé. hydrochloric acid was added.

New York Wil l Have First Privately Financed Power Reactor

Consolidated Edison is going ahead with its plans for building a commercial nuclear power reactor. It revealed late last year (C&EN, Dec. 13, page 4924) that it was considering such a move. Disclosure that it planned to start con­struction came before a meeting of the Joint Congressional Committee on Atomic Energy (see page 722) .

The reactor, to be built entirely with­out financial aid from the Government, will be ready for service "in four years at a minimum." It will be built at Indian Point, Ν. Υ., just south of Peeks-kill, on a 350-acre tract formerly oc­cupied by an amusement park.

During the hearings, Rep. Chet Holi-field ( D.-Calif. ) had said he would "re­sist the building of reactors by private industry in thickly populated areas, or within 75 miles of a large city." In­dian Point is about 30 miles north of New York City on the Hudson River.

On the topic of liability and insur­ance, Consolidated Edison says its sys­

tem is a large one. Accordingly, it says, it can assume substantial risks. Furthermore, the reactor it is consider­ing has certain advantages from the safety standpoint. In any event, Con. Ed says, the additional risk resulting from operation of the reactor will no t arise for three or four years. By tha t time, Con Ed is confident, insurance firms will know more about hazards in­volved and will work out some solutions to the x^roblems. However, the com­pany feels that there may be a need for some sort of government excess liability insurance, particularly for smaller companies.

Con Ed's reactor will supply between 100,000 and 200,000 kw. to New York and Westchester. The company has retained Vitro as consultants, to assist in evaluating proposals. Three manu­facturer's proposals have been under consideration. These came from West-inghouse, General Electric, and Bab-cock and Wilcox. Β & W's plan, in­volving a new type fuel element, is the most attractive a t present. Con Ed thinks it will produce an over-all result which will be reasonably competitive with conventional plants in the N e w York area, where fuel costs are high.

The reactor being considered is a "converter." It is not one of the Rve

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types that AEC has in its reactor demonstration program. It uses ura-nium-238 and produces plutonium. The small amounts of plutonium pro­duced may be used in firing the atomic furnace.

Con Ed has been a member of an industrial participation team since 1952. This was the group first known as the Dow-Edison and now as the Atomic Power Development Associ­ates. While it supports the fast breeder reactor study being carried on by APDA as a long range effort, it feels that its p lanned reactor will accelerate the development of the art of atomic power along another route.

Since its negotiations are not com­plete, Con E d does not want to give any details regarding cost estimates which have been submitted. However, the cost would probably be between $30 and $40 million.

Con E d hopes to apply to AEC for licenses in the near future, probably before April 1.

American Machine & Foundry Plans Pr ivate Research Reactor

Plans have been completed by Amer­ican Machine & Foundry for a nuclear reactor. I t will be the first owned and operated by private industry for re­search in industrial and humanitarian fields.

A number of industrial concerns have been invited to participate in the pro­gram on a cooperative basis. Each company will be represented on a board of directors which will establish policy for operation of the reactor fa­

cility. Participating companies will be from the electronics, petroleum, food, pharmaceutical, chemical, ceramics, rubber, metals, textile, agricultural, machinery, and other industries.

The first reactor and its supporting lab facilities will cost between $1 and $1.5 million. It can be constructed and available for use in 18 months. Plans call for the facility to be built in the New York area on a site of about 250 acres.

The reactor proposed for the indus­trial research facility will be of the "swimming pool" type. I t will use a core similar to that in the Materials Testing Reactor at the National Reac­tor Testing Station in Idaho. A M F says this type research system is the only one which has successfully op­erated at the high flux levels required for industrial development workv

The design concept of the AMF-built reactor would be one of "uniti­zation." This concept permits that the standardization of certain components result in ease of construction and pre­vents early obsolescence.

Battelle Design Contract. Just be­fore A M F revealed that it planned to build this private reactor, it was awarded a contract by Battelle Memo­rial Institute for design, engineering, and construction of another one. Bat-telle's research reactor will be a key component in a research center i t is building 15 miles west of downtown Chicago.

The reactor will be designed some­what like t h e Bulk Shielding Reactor at Oak Ridge—also "swimming pool" type. The reactor, together with auxil-

Buik of Pierre du Pont Fortune Left to Longwood The major portion of Pierre S. du Pont's $55 to $60 million estate was left to the Longwood Foundation. His will recommends that income from his bequests be used by the foundation "for the maintenance and improvements of the gardens." Longwood Gardens is famous for its flower beds, fountains, arboretum, pipe organ, and conservatory. Open to the public, it is located west of, and between, Wilmington and Philadelphia

7 0 8 C H E M I C A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G N E W S