nfpa's backyards & beyond conference - national wildland fire safety standards: developing...
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NFPA 1141, Standard for Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in Suburban and Rural Areas, and NFPA 1144, Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, provide the framework for the principles and sciene behind the Firewise program. See how the NFPA standards development process is utilized to incorporate current information into the standards that provide the blueprint for the development of Firewise homes and communities.TRANSCRIPT
NATIONAL WILDLAND FIRE SAFTEY STANDARDS:Developing and Using NFPA 1141 and 1144
Ryan DepewNFPA Staff
Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• Standardization and Utilization
• NFPA 1141 Overview
• NFPA 1144 Overview
• Brief Overview of Standards Development
• How YOU Can Get Involved!
What are NFPA Standards?
• Standard - A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law.
Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012 Edition
• www.nfpa.org/1141
• NFPA 1144: Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, 2008 Edition
• www.nfpa.or/144
NFPA 1141
Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in
Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012
NFPA 1141
Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in
Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012
Utilizing NFPA 1141
• Planners, Developers, and Communities–Means of Access/Egress–Building Separation –Fire Protection–Water Supply–Community Safety and Emergency
Preparedness
NFPA 1144
Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland
Fire, 2008
NFPA 1144
Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland
Fire, 2008
Utilizing NFPA 1144
• Homeowners/Property Owners–Structure ignition zone–Hazard mitigation–Proper construction–Fuel Modification
Firewise Communities/USA®
• Recognition Program Fall 2002
• Over 700 Active Communities in 40 States
• $76 Million in Wildfire Safety Actions
www.nfpa.org/1141
• NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012 Edition
• AHJ’s, Planners, Developers, and Communities
www.nfpa.org/1141
Main Topics• Means of Access• Building Separation • Fire Protection• Water Supply• Community Safety and Emergency
Preparedness
www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 5 Means of Access– Number of Access Routes – Roadway Requirements– Grades – 10%– Dead Ends – Turn Arounds– Fire Lanes– Parking Lots
www.nfpa.org/1141
www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 6 Building Access and Separation
– Fire Apparatus Access – Proximity to Structure• 150’ to all exterior walls, 300’ with NFPA 13, 13R
– 30 feet between structures
– 30 feet from property line
Bastrop County Complex Fire
September 2011• Over 34,000 Acres
Burned (Approx. 55 sq. miles)
• Over 1500 Structures Lost
Tahitian Village Survey
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Tahitian Village
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Bastrop County Complex Fire
www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 7 Fire Protection– Sprinkler Systems, Standpipe Systems, Warning
Systems• Chapter 8 Water Supply– Municipal systems, Fire Hydrants, Modifications
• Chapter 9 Fire Protection During Construction– Jobsite Cleanliness, Extinguishers
www.nfpa.org/1141
• Chapter 10 Community Safety and Emergency Preparedness
• Assessment of Hazards• Development of Operational Plan– Command & Training– Public Notification & Education– Safety & Evacuation– Mutual Aid Resources
www.nfpa.org/1144
• NFPA 1144: Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, 2008 Edition
• Homeowners/Property Owners
Structure Ignition Zone
Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildfire
Assessing Hazards
Fuel Modification
Building
Design
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Chapter 4 Assessing Wildland Fire Hazards in the Structure Ignition Zone– From Chimney to Eaves– From Top of Exterior Wall to Foundation– From Foundation to Immediate Landscape– From Immediate Landscape to 200’– Mitigation Plan
Hazard Assessment
Sample Checksheets… Guide Your Review
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Chapter 5 Building Design, Location, and Construction–General Construction – NFPA 1141– Location and Separation – 30 Feet
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Roof Design and Materials• Attic Vents and Screening• Overhanging projections– Balconies, Decks, Patio
Coverings, Open Roofs– Heavy Timber, Ignition
Resistant, etc.– 1 Hour Fire Rated Assembly
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Exterior Vertical Walls– Ignition Resistant, 20 Minute Rated Assembly
• Exterior Openings– Windows, Doors, Attic Vents, Subfloor Vents– Screened with Noncombustible Wire Mesh– Tempered, Multilayer, Block, 20 Minute Rating– Solid-core, 20 Minute Rating
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Chimneys and Flues– Spark Arresters
• Accessory Buildings– 30 Feet
• Exterior Exposure Hazards– Heat sources– Grills, Outdoor Fireplaces-
Spark Arresters– Combustible Materials – 30
Feet
Bastrop County Complex Fire: Cola Vista
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Cola Vista Neighborhood
Fire Spread
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Fire Spread
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Metal Roof
Noncombustible Siding
Noncombustible Trim
Bastrop County Complex Fire
Double-Paned Windows
Metal Framework
Noncombustible Decking
Bastrop County Complex Fire:Cardinal Lane
Bastrop County Complex Fire
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Chapter 6 Fuel Modification Area
The “3 R’s” of Defensible Space Landscaping– Removal– Reduction– Replacement
Structure Ignition Zone
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Home Ignition Zone 1: The home and its immediate surroundings, up to approximately 30 feet.– Low-flammability plants, landscaping materials,
accessories– Prune limbs 10 ft. from ground; generous space
between trees– Mow, prune, and water regularly– NO firewood or propane tanks
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Home Ignition Zone 2: 30 to 100 ft from home– 30 ft between tree clusters; 20 ft between
individual trees– Fuel breaks– Branches and leaves 6 to 10 feet from ground– Remove heavy accumulation of flammable debris
www.nfpa.org/1144
• Home Ignition Zone 3: 100 to 200 ft from home– Remove heavy accumulation of woody debris– Remove smaller conifers growing between trees– Reduce density of taller trees
Bastrop County Complex FireN
>100ft
Bastrop County Complex FireN
>100ft
The NFPA Process
• Who Writes the Standard?
• How Does it Work?
• How Can YOU Participate?
NFPA Process: Who Writes the Standards?
NFPA Technical Committees• “Consensus bodies”• Typical maximum size of 30• Overall; ~ 7,000 Volunteers• ~ 225 Technical Committees,
balanced by interest categories• ~ 350 Codes & Standards
NFPA Process:NFPA 1141 & NFPA 144
• Technical Committee on Forest and Rural Fire Protection
• TC Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on fire protection for rural, suburban, forest, grass, brush, and tundra areas. This Committee shall also have primary responsibility for documents on Class A foam and water enhancing gels, and their utilization for all wildland and structural fire fighting. This excludes fixed fire protection systems.
NFPA Process: Five Steps
1) Call for Proposals2) Report on Proposals (ROP)3) Report on Comments (ROC)4) Technical Committee Report (TCR) Session of
the Annual Meeting5) Standards Council Consideration/Issuance
NFPA Process:Getting Involved
• Public Proposals• Public Comments• Committee Membership• www.nfpa.org– Document Information– Proposal and Comment Forms– Application for TC Membership
NFPA Process:Upcoming Changes
• Re-engineering of the Process• Board of Directors – Approved November
2010• Regulations Governing the Development of
NFPA Standards (Fall 2013 Cycle)– Take Advantage of Technology– Online Submission for Ease of Use– Living Document for TC Work
Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• Standardization and Utilization
• NFPA 1141 Overview
• NFPA 1144 Overview
• Brief Overview of Standards Development
• How YOU Can Get Involved!
Wildland Fire Safety Standards
• NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection Infrastructure for Land Development in Wildland, Rural, and Suburban Areas, 2012 Edition
• www.nfpa.org/1141
• NFPA 1144: Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire, 2008 Edition
• www.nfpa.or/144
NFPA Standards: www.nfpa.org/DOC#
• NFPA 1142: Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and Rural Fire Fighting
• NFPA 1143: Standard for Wildland Fire Management• NFPA 1051: Standard for Wildland Fire Fighter
Professional Qualifications• NFPA 1977: Standard on Protective Clothing and
Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting• NFPA 1984: Standard on Respirators for Wildland
Fire Fighting Operations
Questions