nghien cuu mk cua hang tien ich

Upload: kenji-le

Post on 06-Apr-2018

219 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    1/42

    B GIO DC & O TO

    KHOA KINH T THNG MI

    ti:

    Cc Yu T nh Hng n Hnh Vi

    Tiu Dng Ca Khch Hng Ti Cc

    Ca Hng Tin ch

    Ging vin: Thy Trn Tr Dng

    Nhm thc hin: Nhm 02 L V ng Khoa

    V Nht Phng

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    2/42

    Phm Th Ngc Trinh

    Thng 05/2011

    TRCH YU

    Vi s pht trin kinh t v c bit sau s kin Vit Nam gia nhp T Chc

    Thng Mi Th Gii (WTO), Vit Nam v ang tng bc xy dng

    mt nn kinh t ngy cng n nh v pht trin bn vng. Kinh t pht trin

    gii quyt c cc vn v vic lm ng thi i sng ca ngi dn

    cng c ci thin r rt v mi mt. C th, thu nhp trung bnh nm 2010

    l 1200$/nm, i vi dn c cc thnh ph ln thu nhp vo khong

    2800$/nm. Tuy nhin t c con s n tng ny ngi dn buc phi

    dnh nhiu thi gian hn cho cng vic t c hiu sut lao ng cao

    hn do h khng c thi gian cho cc nhu cu mua sm hng ngy.

    Nhm p ng cc nhu cu ny dn ti s ra i ca cc chui ca hng

    bn l trong v ngoi nc. Bn cnh nhiu loi hnh ca hng tin li nh

    Circle K, Citimart, G7 Mart Cng vi chin lc kinh doanh ca mnh,

    Cc h thng ca hng tin ch ang dn chim c lng tin ca khch

    hng v ngy cng pht trin mnh m vi cc chi nhnh rng khp cc

    thnh ph ln c nc ni chung v c bit l TPHCM ni ring. Vy iu

    g lm cho khch hng tm n v chp nhn s dng sn phm ca h

    thng ca hng tin ich. tr li cu hi , nhm chng ti tm hiu v

    ti Cc Yu T nh Hng n Hnh Vi Tiu Dng Ca Khch Hng Ti Cc CaHng Tin ch.

    2

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    3/42

    NHN XT CA GING VIN

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    ...........................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    3

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    4/42

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................

    H Ch Minh, ngy 6 thng 9 nm 2011

    Chng 1: Tng quan

    1.1 C s hnh thnh ti

    K t khi Vit Nam ra nhp t chc thng mi th gii WTO, th trng bn

    l Vit Nam tr nn ht sc si ng. c bit, Vit Nam c nh gi l th

    trng c mc hp dn v ch s pht trin cao nht th gii trong nm

    2008. iu ny lm cho th trng bn l Vit Nam tr thnh chic bnh

    ngt hp dn ca cc i gia bn l nc ngoi. Hin cc doanh nghip trong

    nc ang nh ngi trn ng la, loay hoay tm cch khng b loi ra khi

    4

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    5/42

    cuc chi ngay trn sn nh. Vic m ca th trng bn l vo u nm 2009

    l cuc cnh tranh va c li ch m cng lm nguy c. Li ch thy r nht

    l tng tnh hiu qu cho hot ng bn l. Cn nguy c th rt ln, l

    hng hiu cao cp xm nhp vo th trng Vit Nam s lm gim th phn vli th cnh tranh ca nh phn phi ni a. Nh sn xut, phn phi v cc

    thng hiu yu s b loi b. Trong khi th trng ni a th rt nh b,

    manh mn, thiu tnh lin kt.

    Hin nay, knh phn phi truyn thng vn ang gi vai tr ch yu vi 70%

    th phn. Tuy nhin, xu hng tiu dng ca ngi dn Vit Nam ang c

    nhng bc chuyn bin tch cc. Thu nhp tng cao to iu kin cho ngi

    dn quan tm hn n cc vn v cht lng, an ton v sinh v c bit l

    s tin li. Vi xu hng "m ca" hi nhp th trng bn l th knh phn

    phi: Ca hng tin li, siu th (chuyn doanh hoc tng hp), trung tm

    thng mi s tng trng nhanh thay th dn knh phn phi truyn thng l

    ch, ca hngdo , cc knh phn phi bn l hin i c tim nng pht

    trin rt ln.

    Ca hng tin ch l loi ca hng nh, kinh doanh theo phng thc hin

    i, ly s tin li lm tiu ch hot ng. Mt mt, loi ca hng tin li ny

    c u im hn cc siu th v vn u t mt bng, vnmt khc, va

    p ng c nhu cu tiu dng hin i ang thay i ca ngi dn, va

    ph hp vi thi quen i mua hng tp ha ca ngi dn Vit Nam v c

    bit, loi hnh ca hng tin ch ny vn cn nhiu t pht trin, tim nngpht trin rt ln. Trn c s ny ti Cc yu t nh hng n xu

    hng hnh vi ca ngi tiu dng ti cc ca hng tin ch trn a bng

    TP.HCM

    5

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    6/42

    Mc tiu nghin cu

    - Nhn dng cc yu t nh hng n xu hng hnh vi ca ngi tiu dngti cc ca hng tin ch trn a bng TP.HCM

    - nh gi mc nh hngn xu hng hnh vi ca ngi tiu dng

    ti cc ca hng tin ch, gii thch

    - xut mt s gii php hiu qu cho cc doanh nghip kinh doanh

    trong lnh vc bn l cc mt hng tiu dng nhanh

    Phm vi nghin cu

    Cc ca hng tin ch ni v ngoi trn a bng TPHCM

    i tng kho st

    Nhng ngi mua hng ti ca hng tic ch v cha tng mua hng ti

    ca hng tin ch. Trong ti ny chng ti ch gii hn i tng nghin

    cu l nhng ngi sng gn khu vc ca hng, nhng du khch nc ngoi

    v nhng khch hng vng lai

    Thi gian kho st

    Mi thi gian trong ngy nhm chng ti lun theo di v nh gi cc nhm

    i tng v thi gian mua hng ca h

    6

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    7/42

    Chng 2: C s l thuyt

    Mi trng chnh tr, x hi

    Vi cc chnh sch n nh chnh tr, kinh t, khuyn khch u t: min gim

    thu cho cc doanh nghip trong thi k khng hong kinh t chnh ph

    7

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    8/42

    nc ta to ra mt mi trng kinh doanh thun li cho cc doanh nghip,

    nh u t trong v ngoi nc.

    Tnh hnh chnh tr Th gii c nhiu bin ng, nh hng n hot ng

    kinh doanh bn l (c bit vi nhm hng xut nhp khu)

    Bt cn xng v cc chnh sch v vai tr iu tit ca c quan iu hnh Nh

    nc i vi doanh nghip trong v ngoi nc: nhng doanh nghip bn l

    nc ngoi c nhiu u tin trong chnh sch (u tin v v tr, u i thu

    v kh nng chu l)

    1.1.1. Mi trng kinh t

    Nn kinh t Vit Nam c tc tng trng cao v tng u qua cc nm.

    Hnh 3 Tc tng trng GDP Vit Nam qua cc nm

    GDP t 1156 USD nm 201, ch s gi tiu dng CPI trong qu 1/2011 tng

    13.6% so vi cng k nm 2010

    Theo World Bank d bo lm pht Vit Nam nm 2011 mc 9,5%, tc

    tng trng kinh t nm nay l 6,3%, gim 0,5% so vi nm 2010 do nh

    hng ca suy thoi kinh t th gii.

    8

    TC TNGTRNGGDP VIT NAM.

    0

    20

    40

    60

    80

    100

    120

    2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

    Nm

    GD

    P

    (tUS

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    9/42

    Hot ng kinh doanh bn l chu nh hng bi gi vng, gi xng du v

    USD tng trong thi gian qua

    Th trng bn l Vit Nam trong nhng nm gn y pht trin kh mnh,

    mc tng trng thng xuyn t gn 25%. L mt th trng hp dn v thu

    ht u t nhiu tp on bn l trn th gii trong thi gian ti. c AT

    Kearney nh gi l 1 trong 3 th trng bn l tim nng nht th gii, nhiu.

    V RNCOS d on doanh s th trng bn l Vit Nam nm 2012 s t

    khong 85 t USD.

    1.1.2. Mi trng nhn khu hcSc mua ln ca 87 triu ngi dn Vit Nam vi dn s tr (t 18 n 25

    tui) chim khong 30% tng s dn c nc c thu nhp ngy cng tng.

    i sng ngi dn Vit Nam v vt cht, tinh thn phc v cho i sng

    hng ngy cng c nng cao hn so vi trc. Nhu cu i hi hng ha,

    cc dch v phi c cht lng cao hn hn. Bn cnh vi cuc sng ngy

    cng bn rn hn, h khng c nhiu thi gian i ch hay siu thdo

    xut hin nhu cu cc dch v phc v tn ni. y l mt yu t thun li

    quan trng, thu ht cc ca hng tin li ra i.

    1.1.3. Mi trng khoa hc cng ngh

    Mi trng cng ngh ngy cng pht trin, xu hng ng dng nhng tin

    b khoa hc k thut mi nht t quc t p dng vo qu trnh sn xut,

    logistic, kho bi h tr cho hot ng kinh doanh trong ngnh bn l.

    9

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    10/42

    ng dng cng ngh thng tin, cng ngh truyn thng hin i gip cc

    khong cch v a l,phng tin truyn ti gip Shop & Go a hnh

    nh, thng tin v doanh nghip d dng n vi khch hng.

    1.1.4. Mi trng vn ha x hi

    Xu hng la chn mua hng theo thi quen ch truyn thng, tp ha vn

    cn nhiu nh ngi trong nhn thc ca ngi. Xu hng mua hng qua

    knh siu th, ca hng tin ch ch mi bt u pht trin nhanh khu vc

    thnh th.

    Xu hng la chn nhng dch v nhanh, tin ch, gn khu dn c v cc sn

    phm an ton ang gia tng cc khu vc thnh th.

    Xu hng la chn nhng hot ng bn l cao cp, nhng loi hnh kinh

    doanh hin i, nhiu tin ch ang c hnh thnh mt b phn ngi tiu

    dng tr.

    1.1.5. Mi trng ti nguyn

    Thiu ht mt bng phc v cho hot ng kinh doanh bn l Vit Nam.

    Mt bng hot ng chu nh hng bi gi thu t, giao thng, iu kin vt

    chtNgun ti nguyn v in, nc thiu n nh (c bit trong ma

    kh) cng nh hng hng n hot ng kinh doanh bn l (vi nhm hng

    gii kht, thc phm ng lnh)

    10

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    11/42

    2. Tng quan v th trng ngi tiu dng

    2.1. Quy m th trng

    Vit Nam l mt th trng kh ln, vi gn 90 triu dn, c cu dn s rt tr

    vi khong 65% dn s trong tui lao ng, hn mt na dn s c tui

    di 30 v thu nhp ca ngi dn ngy cng cao. Vit Nam c mc tng

    trng GDP cao v n nh, theo nhu cu tiu dng cng ngy mt tng

    ln. Tng lp trung lu vi thu nhp 250USD/thng tr ln ang tng nhanh.

    Ring tng lp trung lu thu nhp trn 500USD/thng chim trn 1/3 s h

    gia nh thnh th. y cng l nhm i tng m ca hng tin ch anghng n.

    Tng mc bn l hng ho v dch v x hi c t 451.83 nghn t ng

    trong qu I/2011 (tng 22.6% so vi cng k nm 2010). c tnh n nm

    2015 tng mc s t khong 4770 nghn t ng.

    Theo Hng Vng SC, c nc hin c hn 8000 ch; 400 siu th, trung tmthng mi v hn 500 cc ca hng tin ch cc loi, cho thy quy m th

    trng bn l trong nc ang rt cao. Mi h thng siu th c 2.000-3.000

    nh cung cp hng ha l cc DN, c s SX trong nc.

    2.2. Nhu cu th trng

    Cuc sng ca ngi dn (c bit thnh th) ngy cng bn rn, nhu cu

    chn mua nhng sn phm mt cch tin li, d dng la chn tng. Nhu cu

    v cc hng ha sch, c xut x r rng tng, ngy cng ch hn v sc

    khe bn thn.

    11

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    12/42

    2.3. Xu hng th trng

    Khi i sng nng cao, nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng s dn chuyn t knh

    mua sm truyn thng sang knh mua sm hin i (doanh s knh hin i

    hin chim 37% trong tng kinh doanh ngnh bn l Vit Nam)

    Xu hng tin li, nhanh chng trong vic chn mua cc loi hng ha

    Ngi tiu dng Vit Nam ngy cng c nhiu s la chn nn h ch trng

    hn vo cht lng hng ha, dch v, sch cho mi trng, c ngun gc v

    xut x r rng.

    Ngi tiu dng ngy cng nhy cm hn v vn chnh lch gi v c xu

    hng tm kim sn phm gi r. Theo TNS, c khong 12% s h gia nh

    mua sm cc siu th nh l, ca hng tin ch mi thng (s liu theo nm

    2010)

    2.4. Tc pht trin ngnh

    Tc pht trin ca ngnh tnh t nm 2005 n nay c tnh t khong

    25%/nm (Theo Tng Cc thng k)

    S ph duyt ca chnh ph pht trin pht trin h thng cc siu th, trung

    tm thng mi, ca hng tin li thay th cho cc ch truyn thng cc

    th ln Vit Nam (Ngun theo Planet Retail).

    12

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    13/42

    Hnh 2 nh gi s pht trin ca h thng bn l giai on 2005 2014

    Vit Nam l mt trong nhng th trng bn l hp dn nht th gii theonh gi ca A.T.Keaney (T chc Nghin cu th trng hng u ti Hoa

    K).

    Th trng cn nhiu tim nng pht trin do Vit Nam c dn s tr, p lc

    cnh tranh cha cao, tc pht trin nn kinh t di mc 8%.

    Xut hin ca nhiu tp on bn l trong v nc bc u tng tnh cnh

    tranh trong nhm ngnh ca hng tin ch nh CircleK, Family Mart

    2.5. Hnh vi ngi tiu dng

    Theo trng phi kinh t, ngi tiu dng ra quyt nh da vo l tr ca h

    ti a ha gi tr s dng. Ngi tiu dng tri qua qu trnh nhn thc

    xc nh cc thuc tnh quan trng ca sn phm, thu thp thng tinh v

    nh gi cc thng hiu cnh tranh nhm la chn c thng hiu ti u

    (bettman 1979). Tuy nhin quan im ny b li ch mang tnh xc cm

    vn ng vai tr rt quan trng trong tiu dng 1 s sn phm (hirschman v

    holbrook, 1982). Trng phi cm xc cho rng, hnh vi ngi tiu dng c

    bn l theo cm xc. H quyt nh tiu dng nh th no da tn nhng

    chun mc mang tnh ch quan ca c nhn

    Trong m hnh EKB (Engel, Kollat & Blackwell, 1984) hnh vi ngi tiu

    dng c xem nh mt qu trnh lin tc bao gm vic nhn bit cc nhu

    cu, thu thp thng tin, phn tch nh gi, v ra quyt nh. Qu trnh ny b

    nh hng bi yu t bn trong v yu t bn ngoi nh thng tin u vo,

    13

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    14/42

    qu trnh x l thng tin. ng c . mi trng , .V.V..Gia nhng yu t ,

    vic thu thp thng tin v tc n ca mi trng l hai yu t nh hng then

    cht n vic ra quyt nh cui cng

    Tin trnh mua sm thng bt u bng vic ngi tiu dng nhn thc c

    nhu cu ca mnh. Nhu cu ny c th c nhn ra khi h b tc ng bi cc

    kch thch bn trong hoc mi trng bn ngoi. Sau , h s tin hnh thu

    thp thng tin v sn phm, thng hiu da trn kinh nghim c nhn v mi

    trng bn ngoi, v bt u c lng nh gi ra quyt nh c nn mua

    sn phm hay khng. V vy xu hng ngi tiu dng thng c dng

    phn tch hnh vi ngi tiu dng v khi nim xu hng tiu dngnghing

    v ch quan ca ngi tiu dng. Khi ngi tiu dng, tiu dng mt

    thng hiu (sn phm no ), h s tri qua cc giai on thi vi

    thng hiu , h c thi tch cc vi thng hiu . y c xem l

    yu t then cht trong vic d on hnh vi ngi tiu dng (Fishbein &

    Ajzen, 1975)

    2.6. Thi ngi tiu dng

    Thi ngi tiu dng (consumer attitude) l mt khi nim quan trng

    trong cc nghin cu hnh vi ngi tiu dng. Thi c th c xem nh l

    mt yu t thuc v bn cht ca con ngi c hnh thnh thng qua qu

    trnh t hc hi. Con ngi dng thi phn ng li mt cch thin cm

    hoc c cm i vi mt vt hoc mt s kin c th (Haye, N.2000). Thi

    khng th quan st trc tip nhng n c th c suy ra t nhng biu hin

    ca hnh vi con ngi. Nhng cm nhn65 mang tnh tch cc i vi mt sn

    14

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    15/42

    phm no , thng dn n mc a thch, tin tng, v cui cng l kh

    nng tiu dng sn phm

    M hnh l thuyt v thi thng c s dng ph bin nghin cu v

    thi ca ngi tiu dng i vi mt loi sn phm. thng hiu c th l

    m hnh thi a thuc tnh (Fishbein & Ajzen 1975) . Trong m hnh ny,

    thi gm 3 thnh phn c bn: (1) thnh phn nhn thc (cognitive

    coponent), (2) thnh phn cm xc (affective component), (3) thnh phn xu

    hng hnh vi (conative coponent). Thi ca ngi tiu dng c nh

    ngha nh l vic o lng cc nhn thc v nh gi ca ngi tiu dng v

    sn phm, thng hiu v cc thuc tnh ca chng

    Thnh phn nhn thc trong mo hnh th hin s nhn bit hay kin thc ca

    ngi tiu dng v mt sn phm no , bng vic kt hp gia kinh ngim

    vi bn thn, vic thu thp thng tin t nhiu ngun khc nhau nh bn b,

    bo ch, t hnh thnh nim tin i vi sn phm v cho rng sn phm s

    mang li mt li ch c th no .

    Kho st v nhn thc ng vai tr quan trng trong cc cuc nghin cu

    hnh vi ca ng tiu dng. Hai ngi tiu dng c cng nhu cu v mt sn

    phm, cng hon cnh khch quan nh nhau, vn c th c nhng hnh ng

    hon ton khc nhau. V s nhn thc ca ring mi ngi v hon cnh khc

    nhau. S khc bit ny nguyn nhn do mi ngi n nhn v l gii thng

    tin theo phng cnh ring ca chnh mnh.

    2.7. Cc m hnh nghin cu hnh vi ngi tiu dng

    M hnh hnh ng hp l (Theory Of Reasoned Action TRA)

    15

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    16/42

    Thuyt hnh ng hp l - TRA (Fishbein, M. & Ajzen 1975) th hi s phi

    hp ca cc thnh phn ca thi trong mt cu trc c thit k d

    on v gii tch tt hn v hnh vi ngi tiu dng trong x hi da trn hai

    Khi nim c bn :

    (1) Thi ca ngi tiu dng i vi vic thc hin hnh vi v

    (2) Cc chun mc ch quan ca ngi tiu dng

    Thi trong TRA c th c xem xt nh trong m hnh thi a thuc

    tnh (Fishbein, M. & Ajzen 1975)

    M hnh hnh vi d nh (Theory Of Planned Behaviour TPB)

    16

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    17/42

    M hnh TRA b mt gii hn khi d bo s thc hin cc hnh vi m con

    ngi khng kim sot c. Trong trong trng hp ny, cc yu t v thi

    i vi hnh vi thc hin v cc chun mc ch quan ca ngi khng

    gii thch chi hnh ng ca h. Ajzen hon thin m hnh tra bng ccha thm yu t s kim sot hnh vi cm nhn vo m hnh

    Hnh 2: Thuyt hnh vi d nh (TPB)

    M hnh v l thuyt tn hiu

    17

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    18/42

    Erdem v Swait (1998) xem xt tnh khng hon ho v bt cn xng thng

    tin ca th trng nh dng n thi v hnh vi ca ngi tiu dng nh

    th no, dn n s tip cn thch hp v phng din nhn thc v phng

    din tn hiu i vi hnh vi ngi tiu dng, cng nh nhn mnh vai tr cas tn nhim (credibility) v tnh minh bch (clearity) trong vic gii thch

    cht lng cm nhn v ri ro cm nhn ca con ngi

    M hnh v xu hng tiu dng

    18

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    19/42

    Da trn m hnh ca Zeithaml (1998) gi nh gi v thng hiu l hai yu

    t quan trng ca cht lng cm nhn v c tc ng tch cc n xu hng

    tiu dng. Dodds, Monroe, Grewal nm 1991 xy dng m hnh kim nh

    cc quan h trc tip v gin tip gia cc tnh hiu ngoi sinh (gi, thnghiu, tn ca hiu) ln vic nh gi sn phm ca ngi mua v cc nhn t

    lin quan n nhn thc v c tc ng n xu hng tiu dng. Nhin cu

    cho thy vi tr quan trng ca gi tr m ngi tiu dng cm nhn. Gi tr

    ny c th thc y hay cn tr vic tiu dng mt thng hiu no , bi v

    gi tr ny l kt qu ca cht lng nhn c v chi ph phi b ra ca ngi

    tiu dng

    19

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    20/42

    2.8. Kt qu cc nghin cu trc

    Tc gi Hunh Th Kim Quyn, 2006 Cc yu t nh hng n yu t

    tiu dng bt dinh dung tr em. M hnh nghin cu ca tc gi sau khi

    hiu chnh gm (1) Hnh nh thng hiu, (2) Ri ro cm nhn, (3) S tn

    nhim thng hiu, (4) Cht lng cm nhn, (5) Gi c cm nhn, (6)

    Mt phn phi, (7) u t cho chiu th Phn t m l cc yu t

    quan trng nh hng n xu hng tiu dng bt dinh dng tr em

    Hnh 6: M hnh xu hng tiu dng bt dinh dng tr em

    20

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    21/42

    n nm 2009, c mt tc gi nghin cu cc yu t nh hng n xuhng tiu dng thc phm sch ca cc ca hng thc n ti TPHCM.

    Trond ti nghin cu ca tc gi. M hnh nghin cu sau khi hiu chnh

    gm: (1) Hnh nh thng hiu, (2) Ri ro cm nhn, (3) S tn nhim

    thng hiu, (4) Cht lng cm nhn, (5) Gi c cm nhn, (6) Mt

    phn phi, (7) u t cho chiu th...

    21

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    22/42

    2.9. M hnh nghin cu xut

    22

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    23/42

    Chng 3 : Phn tch d liu

    3.1 THNG K M T D LIU

    GIOITINH

    Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

    Valid Nam 84 58.3 58.3 58.3

    N 60 41.7 41.7 100.0

    Total 144 100.0 100.0

    T nhng kt qu trn cho thy ngi nam i mua hng nhng ca hng tin ch c t l

    ng hn n. Ta c th gii thch nh sau: v ngi nam khng thch phi tr gi nh

    ngoi ch m thch mua hng sao cho nhanh, gn, l nht v gi c so vi s tin li th

    khng l vn .

    TUOI

    Frequency Percent Valid Percent

    Cumulative

    Percent

    Valid Di 20 7 4.9 4.9 4.9

    20-29 104 72.2 72.2 77.1

    30-39 26 18.1 18.1 95.1

    Trn 40 7 4.9 4.9 100.0

    Total 144 100.0 100.0

    S liu ny cho ta thy tui 20-29 chim phn trm i mua hng nhng ca hng tin li

    nhiu nht ti hn 70% - mt con s kh ln, vy c th gii thch l h ang tui mi ra

    trng, nn mun khng nh gi tr bn thn v thch bt chc ngi khc ( thy ngi ta i

    mua u th mua ), tui 30- trn 40 th l nhng ngi c gia nh v c cng n

    vic lm n nh nn h s i mua hng nhng ni quen thuc m h mua t trc, hoc c

    th l thch nhng hng ha nhng ni sang trng hn nh : siu th ln, nhng ch thuc tm

    c quc gia...cn tui di 20 th cha c kh nng nu cha i lm.

    23

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    24/42

    Statistics

    TRINHDO

    N Valid 143

    Missing 1

    Mode i hc

    Percentiles 25 3.00

    50 3.00

    75 4.00

    TRINHDO

    Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

    Valid Ph thng trung hc

    hoc thp hn

    6 4.2 4.2 4.2

    Sinh vin 10 6.9 7.0 11.2

    i hc 65 45.1 45.5 56.6

    Sau i hc 62 43.1 43.4 100.0

    Total 143 99.3 100.0

    Missing System 1 .7

    Total 144 100.0

    Kho st 144 ngi, nhng ch c 143 ngi tr li. Nhng ngi i hc v sau i hc l

    nhng ngi mua ca hng tin ch l nhiu nht, c th gii thch n gin nh sau: c th

    nhng ngi ny c trnh cao nn h rt quan tm n sc khe ca mnh v gia nh, quan

    trng hn na v c trnh cao nn c th thu nhp ca h kh nn h c kh nng mua hng

    nhng ca hng tin ch trn i li s thoi mi hn l mua hng ngoi ch.

    24

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    25/42

    NGHENGHIEP

    Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

    Vali Cha i lm 15 10.4 10.4 10.4

    Nhn vin vn phng 66 45.8 45.8 56.3

    Qun l 30 20.8 20.8 77.1

    khc 33 22.9 22.9 100.0

    Total 144 100.0 100.0

    Nh vy c th kt lun rng, nhng ngi c kh nng i mua hng nhng ca

    hng tin ch tp trung phn ln l nhng ngi c kin thc, tui t 20-29 v c thu

    nhp kh nh l nhn vin vn phng hay qun l ( c bit l nam gii).

    25

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    26/42

    3.2D LIU MAX, MIN, MEAN

    Tn nhim thng hiu

    N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

    TNTH1 144 1 5 4.40 .831

    TNTH2 144 1 5 3.72 1.007

    TNTH3 144 1 5 3.75 .964

    TNTH4 144 1 5 4.37 .827

    Valid N (listwise) 144

    1. Hon ton khng ng

    2. Khng ng

    3. Trung lp

    4. ng

    5. Hon ton ng

    26

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    27/42

    Nhn vo 4 biu trn trn, ta nhn thy 2 cu hi v tn nhim thng hiu 1 v 4 cho cu tr

    li c mc tha mn l cao nht (mc 5 mu vng), iu ny cho thy cc ca hng tin ch

    to thng hiu ca mnh v cht lng trong lng ngi tiu dng.

    Gi c cm nhn

    N

    Minimu

    m

    Maximu

    m Mean

    Std.

    Deviatio

    n

    GCCN1 144 1 5 3.61 .990

    GCCN2 144 1 5 3.70 1.032

    Valid N

    (listwise)

    144

    Mc gi c cha tha mn ngi tiu dng lm, nhng nhn mt cch tng qut th tuy c hi

    mc cht nhng i li ngi tiu dng c hng s tin li, thoi mi t nhng ca hng tin

    li nu trn.

    27

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    28/42

    Ri ro cm nhn

    N

    Minimu

    m

    Maximu

    m Mean

    Std.

    Deviatio

    n

    RR1 144 1 5 4.23 .842

    RR2 144 1 5 4.03 .923

    RR3 144 1 5 3.29 1.121

    Valid N

    (listwise)

    144

    Mc ri ro ca 2 biu 1 v 2 v s an ton ca nhn vin ca hng cng nh ca khch

    hng l rt rt ln, iu ny cn phi c quan tm. Cn mc ri ro ca bn 3 l v vic tr

    li hng sau khi mua cng kh cao lm cho ngi tiu dng n o khi chn la gia nhng ca

    hng tin ch v ch. V vy, qua 3 biu trn, cn phi quan tm v tm bin php cho mc

    ri ro ny.

    28

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    29/42

    thc sc khe

    N

    Minimu

    m

    Maximu

    m Mean

    Std.

    Deviatio

    n

    YTSK1 144 2 5 3.63 .952

    YTSK2 144 1 5 3.42 1.100

    Valid N

    (listwise)

    144

    Biu 1 cho thy, vic ngi tiu dng cc k quan tm ti sc khe th khng t ti mc cao

    nht, nhng mc trung bnh v kh th chim hn 50% v vic ngi tiu dng khng quan tm

    ti sc khe lm cng t gn ti 50% - iu ny l 1 vn ln cho ca nhng ca hng tin ch

    v khng th no nh trng tm vo thc phm tt cho sc khe nhiu c.

    Sthch th

    N

    Minimu

    m

    Maximu

    m Mean

    Std.

    Deviatio

    n

    TT1 144 1 5 3.15 1.159

    TT2 144 1 5 3.37 .960

    Valid N

    (listwise)

    144

    29

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    30/42

    2 biu trn cho thy ngi tiu dng c v xem ca hng tin ch bnh thng nh mi ca

    hng khc. Thm ch c ngi cn khng thch chim t trng tuy khng nhiu nhng so vi thc

    t th ca hng mt mt kh nhiu ngi tiu dng.

    nh hng x hi

    N

    Minimu

    m

    Maximu

    m Mean

    Std.

    Deviatio

    n

    AHXH1 144 1 5 2.30 1.159

    AHXH2 144 1 5 2.86 1.035

    AHXH3 144 1 5 2.42 1.168

    AHXH4 144 1 5 2.83 1.060

    Valid N

    (listwise)

    144

    30

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    31/42

    Theo nhng kho st hnh vi tiu dng gia ngi TPHCM v ngi H Ni, ngi ta ra kt

    lun rng ngi H Ni c t s theo by ng cao hn rt nhiu so vi ngi TPHCM. Nh vy,

    4 biu trn cho ta thy ngi thn, ngi xung quanh mt ngi cn mua hng khng nh

    hng n h nhiu cho lm. C th ngi tiu dng ch mun tham kho kin ngi thn, bn

    b mnh nh th no ri mi a ra quyt nh ng n

    31

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    32/42

    Mt phn phi

    N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

    MDPP1 144 1 5 3.67 .924

    MDPP2 144 1 5 4.15 .810

    MDPP3 144 1 5 4.35 .865

    Valid N (listwise) 144

    Qua 3 biu v mt phn phi trn ta nhn thy vic nh chc trch ca nhng ca hng tin

    li tng i thnh cng trong vic phn phi u nhng ca hng nhng ni d nhn, bt

    mt, tin nghi cho ngi tiu dng trn cc ng ph trong nhng qun huyn

    32

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    33/42

    3.3 TNG QUAN

    nh mua

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    YD1 3.50 1.134 144

    YD2 3.97 .885 144

    YD3 3.49 1.140 144

    Correlations

    YD1 YD2 YD3

    YD1 Pearson Correlation 1 .314** .754**

    Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000

    N 144 144 144

    YD2 Pearson Correlation .314** 1 .312**

    Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000

    N 144 144 144

    YD3 Pearson Correlation .754** .312** 1

    Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000

    N 144 144 144

    **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

    Vy l kh nng mua hng ca hng tin ch trong vi ngy ti cao nht, cho thy tnh thit yu

    ca ca hng tin li l kh cao v phn ln ca hng tp trung vo thc phm hng ngy v thit

    yu trong i sng con ngi.

    33

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    34/42

    3.4 H S ANPHA

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .837 4

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    TNTH1 4.40 .831 144

    TNTH2 3.72 1.007 144

    TNTH3 3.75 .964 144

    TNTH4 4.38 .827 144

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .763 3

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    CLCN1 3.88 1.048 144

    CLCN2 3.76 .948 144

    CLCN3 3.93 .913 144

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .591 2

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    GCCN1 3.61 .990 144

    GCCN2 3.70 1.032 144

    34

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    35/42

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .679 3

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    MDPP1 3.67 .924 144

    MDPP2 4.15 .810 144

    MDPP3 4.35 .865 144

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .546 3

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    RR1 4.23 .842 144

    RR2 4.03 .923 144

    RR3 3.29 1.121 144

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .584 2

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    YTSK1 3.63 .952 144

    YTSK2 3.42 1.100 144

    35

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    36/42

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .580 2

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    TT1 3.15 1.159 144

    TT2 3.38 .960 144

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .756 4

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    AHXH1 2.30 1.159 144

    AHXH2 2.86 1.035 144

    AHXH3 2.42 1.168 144

    AHXH4 2.83 1.060 144

    Reliability Statistics

    Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

    .732 3

    Item Statistics

    Mean Std. Deviation N

    YD1 3.50 1.134 144

    YD2 3.97 .885 144

    YD3 3.49 1.140 144

    36

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    37/42

    BNG KHO ST

    NH MUA HNG CA NGI TIU DNG

    TI CC CA HNG TIN CH

    Cho anh/ch,

    Chng ti l nhm sinh vin ngnh Marketing thuc trng i hc Hoa Sen. Chng ti thc

    hin bng kho st ny nhm thu thp thng tin cn thit cho vic hc mn Nghin Cu

    Marketing.

    Ch ca cuc kho st ny l Hnh vi mua hng ti cc ca hng tin ch (Vd: Shop & Go,

    Circle K, Foodco Mart)

    Rt mong nhn c s hp tc ca anh/ch. Mi kin ng gp ca anh/ch u rt quan

    trng i vi qu trnh nghin cu ca chng ti.

    Chn thnh cm n v chc anh/ch nhiu sc khe!

    37

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    38/42

    Anh/Ch tng mua hng cc ca hng tin ch bao nhiu ln?

    Cha ln no 1 2 ln 3 ln tr ln

    Anh/Ch tng bit n ca hng tin ch no sau y?

    Shop & Go

    Circle K

    G7mart

    Family Mart

    Satra Food

    Foodco Mart

    Co.op Food Cha tng nghe qua

    Sau y, anh/ch hy tr li nhng cu di bng cch th hin quan im ca anh/ch

    i vi vn c a ra trong mi cu theo cc mc sau:

    1. hon ton khng ng

    2. khng ng

    3. trung lp

    4. ng

    5. hon ton ng

    S tn nhim thng hiu 1 2 3 4 5

    38

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    39/42

    Ti cm thy an tm v cht lng cc sn phm by

    bn ti cc ca hng tin ch

    Thi gian hot ng ca cc ca hng tin ch lun

    thun tin cho vic mua sm ca ti

    Nhng nhn vin trong ca hng tin ch c thi

    phc v rt chuyn nghip

    Mi khi cn mua vi mn dng thit yu hay thc

    phm, ti ngh n ca hng tin ch thay v ch,

    tp ha hay siu th

    39

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    40/42

    Cht lng cm nhn 1 2 3 4 5

    Nhng thc sn phm ca hng tin ch rt an ton v v sinh,

    cht lng

    Nhng sn phm y c trng by p

    Nhng sn phm y c bo qun tt

    1. Gi c cm nhn1 2 3 4 5

    Gi bn ca hng tin ch mc hn nhiu so vi bn ngoi khin

    ti t b nh mua hng ti y

    Tuy gi ca hng tin ch nhn chung cao hn bn ngoi nhng s

    tin li ca n vn khin ti gi nh mua hng

    2. Mt phn phi1 2 3 4 5

    Hu nh i u cng thy nhng ca hng tin ch nm ri rc

    Trong ca hng tin ch hon ton c y cc vt dng cn thit

    Hu ht cc ca hng tin li u nm nhng v tr d thy, tin

    ng cho ti mua mt cch d dng khi cn

    3. Ri ro cm nhn1 2 3 4 5

    Mt s ca hng tin ch hot ng 24/24 nhng khng c bo v

    trng coi, rt nguy him cho c khch hng ln nhn vin

    Ch gi xe khng c an ton

    40

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    41/42

    6. nh hng x hi1 2 3 4 5

    Ti thy bn b/ ngi thn ca mnh s dng ca hng tin ch nn

    ti cng th s dng

    Bn b khuyn ti nn mua hng ca hng tin ch

    Gia nh khuyn ti nn mua hng ca hng tin ch

    Khi mua hng trong cc ca hng ny ti cm thy gi tr bn thn

    mnh c nng cao hn

    7. nh mua1 2 3 4 5

    Thnh thong khi cn ti s mua hng ti ca hng tin ch

    Ti s thng xuyn mua hng ti ca hng tin ch

    Ti khng c nh mua hng ti ca hng tin ch trong thi gian

    ti

    41

  • 8/3/2019 Nghien Cuu Mk Cua Hang Tien Ich

    42/42

    3. kin ng gp ca anh/ch ci thin nhng thiu st ca cc

    ca hng tin ch

    ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................................

    .............................................................................................................................................

    4. Thng tin ngi c kho st:

    Chn thnh cm n thi gian ca anh/ch dnh cho chng ti.

    H Tn

    Gii tnh Nam NNm sinh

    Ngh nghip

    Email (nu c)