ngo in enviro._ part 1

8/7/2019 NGO in Enviro._ Part 1

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Role of NGOsin Environment Management


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Literary Definition

Any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group

Task oriented & driven by a common interest

S ometimes organised around specific issuesHuman rights, environment or health

SYNONYMOUS WITH INTEREST GROUPS OR PRESSURE GROUPS

According to World Bank

Any non-profit organization but independent from government

Depend, in whole or in part, on charitable donations and voluntary service

P rinciples of altruism and voluntarism remain key defining characteristics.

DEFINITION OF A NGO


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Early 1970s was significant year for NGOs contribution to environmentalissues

S tockholm conference on Human EnvironmentUnited Nations Environment P rogramme in 1972

HISTORY OF NGOs contd

Greenpeace Foundation & Friends for Earth founded


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FACTS OF NGOs in India

1st Registered NGO in India working for environmental laws: Sadguru (SSST)Established in 1973

Total Number of Registered NGOs- 12265


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FAC TS AB OUT NGOs in INDI A Table 1: Number of NGOs in the Seven Demographically Sensitive States

State M/O RD M/OHRD

H&FW

YA&S Others Total no of NGOin the State (all

sector)

NGOs in the 7 state as a% to total NGOs in the

Country

As on Jul,2000 Oct,2000Sep,9

8May,200

0

BIHAR 663 111 98 53 219 1144 9.33

JHARKHAND 110 30 4 15 45 204 1.66

MADHYA PRADESH 193 164 52 50 92 551 4.49

CHHATTISGARH 25 5 1 0 12 43 0.35

RAJASTHAN 206 60 9 16 62 353 2.88

UTTAR PRADESH 1115 218 143 125 342 1943 15.84

UTTARANCHAL 94 11 4 5 45 159 1.30

Total no of NGOs inthe Seven States 2406 599 311 264 817 4397

TOTAL (INDIA) 6470 2082 761 592 2360 12265 100

7 States NGOs as a %of total NGO in EachSector 37.19 28.77 40.87 44.59 34.62 35.85

Others include NGOs from sectors SJ&E, M/O E&F, Labour, NonConven., Textile

Source: Planning Commission, NGO database


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No. of people working with NGOs (unregistered included): A ll India 19.4 million

85%Volunteers15% P aid

W ere the funds flow inRural D evelopment : Rs 547.74 crores

Health Care &F

amilyW

elfare : Rs 432.98 croresRelief for natural calamities : Rs 339.77 crores

SOME MORE FAC TS AB OUT NGOs in INDI A


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F UN C TIONS O F A NGO A s A genda Setters- Greenpeace

A s C onscience Keepers- PET A

A s Partners- C RY

A s Experts - C SE

A s lobbyists Narmada B achao A ndolan

A s Enforcers - N AC O


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Objectives of NGOs


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A lternative nomenclature

Independent S ector Volunteer S ector

Grassroots organizations S elf help organizations P rivate Voluntary Organisations


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Classification of NGOs

W orld Bank T ypology: Operational

Design and implementation of development-related projectsCan be community based, national or international

A dvocacy D

efend or promote a specific causeRaise awareness, acceptance, and knowledge

Through Lobbying, P resswork and activist events


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NGO F ormats,Interest Groupsand the Roles they play


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NGOs vary in their structure and intent

P

rimary activity and programsE.g. Oxfam

P overty alleviation S anitation

Help A ge India Humanitarian care for the elders

LobbyistsE.g.

A mnesty International Human Rights


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Roles

P ublic RelationsConsulting

Conscience KeepersIndustry W atchdogs


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P ublic Relations

NGOs need healthy P R to meet goalsInterest Groups are of political importance

S eek to mobilize public supportE.g.. Narmada Bachao A ndolan

Mobilizing tribals againstS

ardar S

arovar Environmental Issues


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Consulting

NGOs increasingly aware of thetransformative power of market economy

Eager to partner with like-mindedbusinesses intent of making significantimpact on environmental issues

Facilitating C S R initiatives HLLs initiative with NGO B A IF for sustainable

development


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Conscience Keepers

NGOs reflect popular perceptions andsocietal ideas

E.g.P

ETA

India P eople for Ethical T reatment of A nimals P romoting Vegetarianism Campaigns against animal based clothing

Such NGOs not just reflect, but alsopromote healthy debate on social issues


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Legal S tatus& F unding Options


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How are NGOs registered ?

S ociety

Trust

S ection 25 Company


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S ocietySocieties Registeration Act, 1860 is the governing Act amended to SR A,1960

Application for registration of a society is done under the S ocietiesR egistration Act, 1960

S hould be made to the assistant registrar of societies having jurisdictionover the region / sub region in which the society is sought to be registered.

The application should be submitted together with MOA consent letters; authority letter duly signed by all the members of the managing

committee; a declaration by the members of the managing committee that the funds

of the society will be used only for the purpose of furthering the aimsand objects of the society.

Memorandum of association.

Upon a dissolution no member to receive profit.


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T rust

The application for registration of a publiccharitable trust should be submitted to thedeputy/assistant charity commissioner having

jurisdiction over the region / sub region in whichthe trust is sought to be registered.

After providing details (in the form) regarding designation by which the public trust shall

be known, names of trustees, mode of succession, etc.,


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S ection25 CompanyAccording to section 25 of the Indian Companies Act, where it is proved to the satisfaction of the Central Government that an association is to be formed as a Limited Company for

promoting Commerce, Art, Science, Religion, Charity or any other useful purpose,and it intends to apply its profits, if any, or other income in promoting its objects and prohibits the payment of any dividend to its members ,

then the Government may, by a licence, direct that the association be registered as a Companywith limited liability without the addition to its name, of the word, Limited or the words,Private Limited.

Apply to the regional director of the company law board.The application should be accompanied by the following documents: MOA A statement showing in detail the assets (with the estimated values thereof) and the

liabilities of the association, as on the date of the application or within seven days of thatdate.

An estimate of the future annual income and expenditure of the proposed company, specifying the sources of the income and the objects of the expenditure.

A statement giving a brief description of the work, if any, already done by theassociation and of the work proposed to be done by it after registration, in

pursuance of section 25.

A statement specifying briefly the grounds on which the application ismade.


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F unding Options for NGO

Receipt of Foreign Contribution.The provisions of the F oreign Contribution ( R egulation) Act, 1976 regulatethe receipt of foreign contribution in the country.

.What is foreign contribution?F oreign contribution means the donation, delivery or transfer, made by anyforeign source of any, a) article, not given to a person as a gift, for personal use, if the market value,

in India, of such article exceeds one thousand rupees; b) currency, whether Indian or foreign; c) foreign security as defined in clause 2(I) of the F oreign Exchange R egulation

Act, 1973.

Contributions made by a citizen of India living in another country, from his personal savings, through the normal banking channels, is not treated as foreigncontribution.


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F unding Options for NGO

Foreign source: Government of any foreign country or its agency; International agency; A foreign company;

A

citizen of a foreign country.

Who can receive foreign contribution? A n association having a definite cultural, economic,

educational, religious or social programme, after itobtains the prior permission of the Central Governmentor gets itself registered with the Central Government,can receive foreign contribution.


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R eceipt of F oreign Contribution

22,924 associations stood registered under F CR A as on 31st March 2001.

F CR A: F oreign Contribution R egulation Act

Each NGO receiving foreign funds must have F CR A R egistration

I n order to ensure that foreign funds do not go to terrorist supported organisationsor any such elements, the FCRA is given by the Home Ministry and not the Finance

Ministry


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Putting

Plans to

Action(NGO Initiatives)


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W aste Management S olid W aste Management

A ssisting Municipal Corporation in collectionfrom individual households and deposition insecondary collection points

Management Vs. Relocation of waste

Zero W aste Management Recycling Handling and disposal of bio-medical waste


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W aterways Monitoring

Main issues: Lack of integrated water resource management policies Cross-cutting issues, water, sanitation and human settlements

Twin Objectives: T o stop pollution of waterways

T o maintain the waterways of the city cleanly

Citizens' W aterways Monitoring P rogramme ( WA MP ) S tarted in 1991 in Chennai Joint programme with several NGOs and individuals

ngo in enviro._ part 1

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