nomenclature (a.k.a. “naming chemical compounds”)
TRANSCRIPT
Nomenclature
(a.k.a. “Naming Chemical Compounds”)
Part I: Naming Ionic Compounds
Steps to Naming an Ionic compound
1. The name of the cation (metal) goes first
2. Drop the suffix (last syllable) of the anion (nonmetal), and add –ide
KBr = Potassium bromideCaO = Calcium oxide
Examples of Suffix Changes
•hydrogen = hydride•carbon = carbide•nitrogen = nitride•oxygen = oxide•sulfur = sulfide•all halogens: -ine -ide
Examples:
CaCl2
Li2O
Pt3N How will the reader know the charge
of platinum?
Steps to Naming an Ionic compound
3. Transition Metals . . .• Write a Roman numeral (ex. I, II, III, IV)
with the number of the charge after the name of the metal (remember: transition metals can have more than 1)
FeF2 = Iron(II) floride
FeF3 = Iron(III) floride
HgBr2 = Mercury(II) bromide
*Note: you can tell the charge of a transition metal by looking at its bonding partner
AgCl
AgCl2
Ag2O
Part II: Naming Compoundswith Polyatomic Ions
( a.k.a. “ternary” compounds =
3 elements or more)
10 Polyatomic Ions to know
CO3-2 carbonate
C2H3O2- acetate
MnO4- permanganate
CrO4-2 chromate
NH4+ ammonium
NO3- nitrate
SO4-2 sulfate
OH- hydroxidePO4
-3 phosphate
Add this one: SCN- thiocyanate
Matching quiz next class!
Steps to Name Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
1. If the polyatomic ion is 1st (left) write polyatomic ion name first end name of second element to with
–ide
NH4F = Ammonium fluoride
Steps to Name Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
2. If the polyatomic ion is 2nd (right) write metal name first write polyatomic ion name second
BaSO4 = barium sulfate
Ca(NO2)2 = calcium nitrite
Fe(NO3)2 = iron(II) nitrate
Part III: Naming Covalent Compounds
To be completed at a later date…
Steps to NameCovalent Compounds
1. Name of the element that is more LEFT on the periodic table goes on the LEFT
2. The name of the other element goes on the RIGHT and has -ide at the end
3. Greek prefixes tell how many of each atom are present (Hint: mono is only used for oxygen)
Greek Prefixes:
1= mono-2 = di-3 = tri-4 = tetra-5 = penta-
6 = hexa-7 = hepta-8 = octa-9 = nona-10 = deca-
•Greek prefixes are used BEFORE the element name
CO2 = carbon dioxide
P3S4 = triphosphorus tetrasulfide
*only foroxygen
Examples:
NO =
CCl4 =
N2S5 =
H2 =