nomenclature of branched - alkane -
DESCRIPTION
Nomenclature of Branched - ALKANE - . METHYL. DECYL. ETHYL. METHANE. NONYL. PROPYL. DECANE. ETHANE. ALKANES. NONANE. PROPANE. OCTYL. BUTYL. OCTANE. BUTANE. HEPTYL. HEPTANE. PENTYL. PENTANE. HEXANE. HEXYL. IUPAC RULES . RULE # 1 Locate the “PARENT CHAIN” - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Nomenclature of Branched - ALKANE -
ALKANES
MET
HYL
ETHY
L
METHANEETHANE
PROPANE
PRO
PYL
BUTANE
BUTY
L
PENTANE PENTYL
HEXANE
HEXYLHEPTANE
OCTANE
OCT
YL NONANE
NO
NYL
HEPTYL
DECANE
DECY
L
IUPAC RULES RULE # 1
• Locate the “PARENT CHAIN”• Longest continuous carbon – atom
chain and name it as your parent chain.
EXAMPLE
CH3 – CH – CH – CH – CH3
CH2 – CH3
CH2 – CH3CH3 – CH2 – CH212
345
678
4 – ethyl – 3,5 – dimethyloctane
IUPAC RULES RULE # 2
• Assign number to the “PARENT CHAIN”
• Make sure that it will give the lower number to any carbon in which the group is attached.
IUPAC RULES RULE # 3
• Locate and identify the attached “ALKYL GROUPS”
• Each group is located by the number of the carbon atom to which it is attached on the chain.
IUPAC RULES RULE # 4
• “COMBINE” the longest chain and the branches into the name.
• The position and the name of the attached alkyl group are added to the name of the longest chain
and written as one word.
IUPAC RULES RULE # 5
• Indicate the “number and the position” of the attached alkyl groups.
• If two or more of “the same” alkyl group occur as branches, the number of them is indicated by the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, etc.,
• If two or more “different” alkyl groups are present, their names are alphabetized and added to the name of the basic alkane.
O║
EXAMPLE
CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH – CH3
CH33HC – CH26 5
4 3 2
2,4 – dimethylhexane
1
Do U want to PLAY a
game?
Mechanics D’ class will be divided into 2 groups BOYS & GIRLS Each group will be represented by a leader I will be D’ one flashing D’ structures on screen Then, U will be naming D’ given structures. U will be given 20 seconds 2 answer. The winning group will receive a GIFT that will be revealed tomorrow.
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EXAMPLE
CH3 – C – CH3
CH3
CH3
2,2 – dimethylpropane
1 2 3
D’ game starts
Now………
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STRUCTURE # 1
CH3 – C – CH – CH – CH3
CH3
CH33HC
3HC1 2 3 4 5
2,2,3,4 – tetramethylpentane
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CH3 – C – CH3
O║CH3 – CH2
CH2 – CH3 3,3 – dimethylpentane
STRUCTURE # 21 2
3
4 5
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STRUCTURE # 3
CH3 – C – CH2 – C – CH3
CH2 – CH3
CH2 – CH3 3HC – CH2
3HC – CH2
3,5,diethyl – 3,5 – dimethylheptane
1 2
3 4
5
6 7
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STRUCTURE # 4
CH3 – C – CH3
CH3
CH3 – C – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
CH3 – CH2 CH – CH3
CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH3987
6
5
4
3
21
3 – ethyl – 2,2,3,6,7 – pentamethyl – 5 – propylnonane
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STRUCTURE # 5
CH3 – CH – C – CH – CH3
CH2 – CH3
CH3
3HC – 2HC
3HC – CH21 2
3 4
5
6 7
4 – ethyl – 3,4,5 – trimethylheptane
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STRUCTURE # 6
3HC – C – CH3
3HC – CH2 – C – CH2 – CH3
3HC – CH – CH2 – CH3
3HC – CH – CH2 – CH3876
543 2 1
4,4 – diethyl – 3,5,5,6 – tetramethyloctane
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CH3 – (CH2)2 – C – (CH2)3 – CH3
O║
STRUCTURE # 7
CH3 – CH – (CH2)2 – CH3
CH3 – (CH2)3 – CH – CH3
1234
5
6789105 – butyl – 4,6 – dimethyl – 5 - propyldecane
Do U want some
MORE?
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STRUCTURE # 8
F – C – C – H Cl
BrF
F
1 2
2 – bromo – 2 – chloro – 1,1,1 – trifluoroethane
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STRUCTURE # 9
Br – C – C – C - ClCl
F ClBr
Br F1 2 3
1,1,1 – tribromo – 3,3,3 – trichloro – 2,2 – difluoropropane
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STRUCTURE # 10
F – C – F
Cl
Cl
1
dichlorodifluoromethane
CYLOALKANESCYLOPROPANE
CYLOBUTANE
CYLOPENTANE
CYLOHEXANE
CYLOHEPTANE
CYLOOCTANE
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STRUCTURE # 11
Cl
ClCl Cl
ClCl
1,2,3,4,5,6 – hexachlorocyclohexane
6
54 3
2
1
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STRUCTURE # 12
(CH2)3 – CH3
CH2 – CH3
1 – butyl – 2 – ethylcyclobutane
1
2
Quick Mind Twister1. Describe and name the different Alkane
compounds?2.Specify the steps and factors involved in
Alkane Nomenclature.3. How does the latest computer software
bridge the distant gap in science and technology?
4.How can we apply the knowledge in alkane nomenclature in real – life setting?
Assignments1. Be ready for the presentation of your
output tomorrow.2. What are physical and chemical properties
of alkanes?3. Cite some industrial uses of organic
compounds ALKANE. References: All organic chemistry book will do