non malignant lymphocyte disorders
TRANSCRIPT
NCSUniversity System
A Project of NCS Education System
Tanveer TaraSenior Lecturer
Bachelor of Science in MLTMasters of Science in Hematology
Non Malignant Lymphocyte disorders.
Acquired and Conjenital
Acquired:Quntative in nature and self limited reactive process to infection or inflamatory conditions.Stimulated lymphocytes in infections and inflammatory
conditions are in various stages of activation.Changes:
Morphological changes,Lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly…….
Acquired Quantitative disorders
• Lymphocytosis:• Increased lymphocytes ALC 4x109/L • Children 9x109/L• Peripheral Cells 60% to 80%.• Causes :• Infectious mononucleosis• Toxoplasmosis• Infectious Lymphocytosis• Bordetella• Lymphocytic Leukomoid Reactions.• Plasmacytosis
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
• Lymphoproliferative cause by EBV.• Effect young adults 14-24 yeear,• Children before 4 years of age.• Transmitted via Saliva ………• EBV receptors on lympo Cd21.• Lethargy ,headache ,fever ,chills ,sorethroat• Commonly known as Kissing disese.
Lab diagnosis
• Counts …high 12-25• Lymphocytes >50/%• Reactive lymphocytes• Plasmacytoids cells also present.• Paul Bunnel test.• Increased ALT, AST, and lactic acid
dehydrogenase levels in blood• Jaundice (occurs in about 5% of cases)
Infectiousmononucleosis
TOXOPLASMOSIS
• A disease caused by toxoplasmas, transmitted chiefly through undercooked meat, or in soil or cat feces.
• Symptoms generally pass unremarked in adults, but infection can be dangerous to unborn children.
• Cause Jaundice ,Hepatospleenomegaly, and mentale retardation.
Lab diagnosis
• Lymphocytosis• Reactive lymphocytes.• Eosinophilia• Thrombocytopenia• Toxoplasmosis titre is higher.
Infectious lymphocytosis
• Contagious disease of young children.• Etiology is completely unknown.• Symptoms: Mild diarrhea ,gastrointestinal distress, Respiratory infection,fever, Headache, vertigo, stiffness of neck. Pharyngitis ,lymphadenopathy.
Investigations.
• Hb• E S R• Rbc count• Platelets count.• Leucocytosis 40x109 or above • Lymphocytosis is higher in 1st week and fall in 3rd week..
Bordetella
• Bordetella pertusis• Lymphocytosis • TLC 15 TO 25X109/L
• Neutrophil is also increased.
• Rapid lymphocytosis is accompained with lymphnodes.
• Toxic changes may be present in granulocytes.
Leukemoid Reaction
• Reactive imature lymps• Lymphocytosis.• Condition resembles with CML.• Adenopathy ,splenomegaly are absent .• Patient are usally older adults.
• Whooping cough,chickenpox ,tuberculosis.
Lymphocytopenia
• A decrease in lymphocytes count • ADULTS:<1.5X109/L• Childrens:<2.0x109/L
• Decreased production or increase destruction.• Cortecosteriods my fall in lymphs.
Conditions associated
• Malnutration.• Acute inflamtory conditions.• Chronic infections.• Congenital immune deficiency disease.• Acute and chronic renal disease.• Stress.
AIDS
• Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.• HIV.• Transmission through sexual contact ,blood , or by blood products.• 17 million people have been infected. Decreased Lymphocyte's.
Test
• Test will be held on Tuesdays