non-western art history the art of india 2helenrindsberg.myiglou.com/nwart/artindia_2.pdf1 1 art of...

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1 Art of India 2 1 End Non-Western Art History The Art of India 2 Art of India 2 2 End Art of India 2 3 End Origins of Hinduism Developed about the first century AD There is no single founder, no single spokesman, no single prophet Hinduism is a blend of: Aryan Vedas, hymns in praise of deities, often personifications of natural elements Ancient faith in the mother goddess and efficacy of fertility symbols Emphasizes the supremacy of the god Vishnu, the god Shiva and the goddess Shakti. Source: Hinduism and Hindu Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Art of India 2 4 End Basic Hindu Beliefs Everyone should aim for: Dharma or righteous living Artha or wealth acquired through the pursuit of a profession Kama or human and sexual love Moksha or spiritual salvation Hindus accept many deities There are many aspects to the Infinite There are varied paths toward the ultimate goal. Source: Hinduism and Hindu Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Art of India 2 5 End Hindu Gods and Their Manifestations Deities frequently are shown with multiple arms, to emphasize their immense power or their ability to perform several feats at the same time. Demons are frequently shown with multiple heads to indicate their superhuman powers. Deities may also have multiple heads to shown various aspects of their character. Images are of idealized forms, whether a god or a mortal Humans and gods are shown equally as sensuous beings Source: Hinduism and Hindu Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Art of India 2 6 End Linga With One Face (Ekamukhalinga), 9th century, H: 22.5 inches, Unknown Afghanistani Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

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Art of India 21 End

Non-Western Art History

The Art of India 2

Art of India 22End

Art of India 23End

Origins of Hinduism

Developed about the first century AD

There is no single founder, no single spokesman, no single prophet

Hinduism is a blend of:

• Aryan Vedas, hymns in praise of deities, often personifications of natural elements

• Ancient faith in the mother goddess and efficacy of fertility symbols

Emphasizes the supremacy of the god Vishnu, the god Shiva and the goddess Shakti.

Source: Hinduism and Hindu Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 24End

Basic Hindu Beliefs

Everyone should aim for:

• Dharma or righteous living

• Artha or wealth acquired through the pursuit of a profession

• Kama or human and sexual love

• Moksha or spiritual salvation

Hindus accept many deities

• There are many aspects to the Infinite

• There are varied paths toward the ultimate goal.

Source: Hinduism and Hindu Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 25End

Hindu Gods and Their Manifestations

Deities frequently are shown with multiple arms, to emphasize their immense power or their ability to perform several feats at the same time.

Demons are frequently shown with multiple heads to indicate their superhuman powers.

Deities may also have multiple heads to shown various aspects of their character.

Images are of idealized forms, whether a god or a mortal

Humans and gods are shown equally as sensuous beings

Source: Hinduism and Hindu Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 26End

Linga With One Face (Ekamukhalinga),

9th century, H: 22.5 inches,Unknown Afghanistani Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

2

Art of India 27End

Shiva As Lord of Dance (Nataraja),c. 11th century, H: 27 inches,

Unknown Chola Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 28End

Shiva’s Family,10th century, H: 59 inches,

Unknown Indian Artist, Minneapolis Institute of Art

Art of India 29End

Seated Ganesha,14th - 15th century,

H: 7 inches,Unknown Orissa Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 210End

Ganesha Dancing,c. 750, H: 50 inches,

Unknown Gwalior Artist, Philadelphia Museum of Art

Art of India 211End

Vishnu Image at Hindu Festival, 2005, H: 5 feet,Unknown Bombay Artist, Source: Photo by Shyam Pillai

Art of India 212End

Vishnu Killing The Horse Demon Keshi,

5th century, H: 21 inches,Unknown Gupta Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

3

Art of India 213End

Standing Vishnu as Keshava,12th century, H: 56 inches,Unknown Karnataka Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 214End

Standing Vishnu as Keshava,12th century, H: 56 inches,

Unknown Karnataka Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 215End

The Goddess Durga Killing The Buffalo Demon, Mahisha,

12th century, H: 5.5 inches,Unknown Pala Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 216End

The Goddess Durga Killing The Buffalo Demon, Mahisha,12th century, H: 5.5 inches, Unknown Pala Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 217End

Hindu Architecture

Hindu architects were the most highly revered artists, since they oversaw the construction of a dwelling for a deity.

There were texts which described the rituals and procedures to prepare the site then to build the temple

Garbhagriha - the temple sanctum houses the temple’s main image, a statue of Vishnu, Shiva or Devi

The deity resides in the sculpture after the ritual installation by the priest

Hindu temples are for individual worship, not for congregational worship

Source: Art History, by Marilyn Stokstad, Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 2002

Art of India 218End

Styles of Hindu Temples,Source: Art History

by Marilyn Stokstad, Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 2002

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Art of India 219End

Kandarya Temple with Plan, 11th century,Unknown Indian Architect,

Scan: Art Beyond The West, by Michael O’Riley

Art of India 220End

Kandarya Temple with Plan, 11th century,Unknown Indian Architect,

Scan: Art Beyond The West, by Michael O’Riley

Art of India 221End

Tiruvanamalai Temple at the foot of Mt. Arunachala,Founded before 1st century BC, H: 195 Tallest Tower,

Unknown Southern Indian Artist, Source: sacredsites.com

Art of India 222End

Tiruvanamalai Temple, Tamil Nadu,Founded before 1st century BC, H: 195 Tallest Tower,

Unknown Southern Indian Artist, Source: sacredsites.com

Art of India 223End

Tiruvanamalai Temple, Tamil Nadu,Founded before 1st century BC,

H: 195 Tallest Tower,Unknown Southern Indian Artist,

Source: sacredsites.com

Art of India 224End

Loving Couple (Mithuna),13th century, H: 72 inches,

Unknown Ganga Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

5

Art of India 225End

Maharana Ari Singh Worshipping In His Palace,

1765, H: 27 inches,Unknown Sisodia Dynasty Artist,

Freer & Sackler Galleries

Art of India 226End

Maharan Bhim Singh of Mewar at a Palace Window,1810-1820, H: 58 inches,Workshop of Chokha, Freer & Sackler Galleries

Art of India 227End

Krishna Plays the Flute Before a Devoted King, 1690-1700,

Unknown Rajput Artist, The British Museum

Art of India 228End

Asavari Ragini,1640, H: 8 inches,

Unknown Central Indian Artist, San Diego Museum of Art

Art of India 229End

Manuscript Cover with scenes from Kalidasa’s Play, Shayuntala,12th century, H: 2 inches, Unknown Nepalese Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 230End

Manuscript Cover with scenes from Kalidasa’s Play, Shayuntala,12th century, H: 2 inches, Unknown Nepalese Artist, Metropolitan Museum of Art

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Art of India 231End

Parmasukha-ChakrasamvaraMandala,

c. 1100, H: 27 inches,Unknown Nepalese Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 232End

Parmasukha-Chakrasamvara Mandala,c. 1100, H: 27 inches, Unknown Nepalese Artist,

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Art of India 233End

Abhimanyu Hunting In A Forest,1885, H: 12 inches,Unknown Maharashitra Artist, Freer & Sackler Galleries

Art of India 234End

Japanese Story Teller with Illustrations, 2010, Kiyomizudera Temple, Japan, Photo: H. Rindsberg

Art of India 235End

This ends our second presentation on the Art of India.