nonferrous
TRANSCRIPT
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Aluminium
A large Aluminium billet from which wrought products will be produced.
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Aluminium Smelter (Norway)
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Cast Structure of Al Ingot
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Boat Hulls
Aluminium boat hulls offer corrosion resistance and light weight.
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XJ6 Aluminium Body
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XJ6 Aluminium Chassis
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Aluminium Bumper Beams
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Aluminium Engine Blocks (Lupo)
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Audi A2 engine block
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Aluminium Bottles
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Aluminium Forging
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Forged Aluminium Wheels
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Al heat transfer components
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Aluminium Roofing
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Other non-ferrous metals
• Copper • Tin• Lead• Zinc• Titanium• Lithium• Nickel• Chromium
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Copper
• Moderate strength in the pure state
• Malleable and ductile
• Very good electrical and thermal conductor
• Good corrosion resistance
• Alloys with Zinc to give brass
• Alloys with Tin and others to make bronze
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Copper Roofing
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Copper as a Biocide
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Copper as a Heat Exchanger
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Tin
Soft and corrosion resistant.
Used to alloy with lead to make solder
Used to alloy with copper to produce bronzes, e.g. Bell metal
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Bell Metal
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Lead
• High Density
• Corrosion Resistant
• Malleable, but not ductile
• Very soft and weak
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Lead Applications
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Lead as a Roofing Material
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Zinc
• No structural engineering uses in pure state
• Used as sacrificial anodes to protect steel.
• Used as an alloy with copper to produce
brass
• Used to corrosion coat steel by:– Galvanising or– Plating
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Brass Components
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Magnesium
• Light weight – S.G. of 1.7
• Burns easily when being machined
• Used with Aluminium to make lightweight alloys.
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Magnesium
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Magnesium Wheel
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Lithium
• Very light, S.G. of 0.5!
• Used to make alloys with Aluminium for aerospace applications.
• Used in batteries for mobile phones etc.
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Titanium
• Low density (S.G. of 4.5, as compared to steel at approx 8)
• Similar strengths to steels
• Highly corrosion resistant
• Melts at 1670°C
• Use restricted to <400 °C
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Titanium
Used in
• Aerospace parts
• Racing cars, motorcycles and bicycles
• Pipework and heat exchangers in chemical plants and oil installations.
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Titanium heat-exchangers
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Nickel
• Corrosion resistant – forms strong oxide layer.
• Brittle in the pure state• Used in stainless steels• Alloyed with copper to produce
cupronickels for coinage and Monel for corrosion-resistant valve parts.
• Used in Nimonic and superalloys for aerospace engine parts.
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Nickel-based superalloys
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Single-crystal blades
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Chromium
• Corrosion resistant – forms strong oxide layer.
• Brittle in the pure state
• Used in stainless steels
• Used with Ni & Mo to produce strong steel alloys for bicycle and motorcycle frame tubes.
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