norin azmiah bt. ahmad 06 24

UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY OF MARA

SHAH ALAM

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT: DOOR LOCK ALERT SYSTEM

PREPARED BY: MS. NORIN AZMIAH BINTI AHMAD

2003470867

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

FACULTY OF INFORMATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND QUANTITATIVE SCIENCE

JUN2003 JUN 2006

Door Alert System Faculty of Informative technology and quantitative sciences UiTM, Shah Alam

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that I have undergone this thesis project on my own and I am responsible

for the work submitted in this project. As to achieve the degree in Bachelor of Science

(Hons) Data Communication and Networking from University of Mara, Shah Alam. This

report is written as to fulfill the requirement of the Bachelor of Science (Hons) Data

Communication and Networking.

.

(Norin Azmiah Binti Ahmad)

2003470867.

Bachelor of Sc. (Hons) Data Communication and Networking.

Jun2003 Jun2006

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad iiBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


By:

Ms. Norin Azmiah Binti Ahmad.

( 2003470867 )

The project paper is submitted to the

Faculty of Information Technology and Quantitative Science

In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (Hons) DATA COMMUNICATION AND

NETWORKING

Approved by examining committee:

_____________________________

(Supervisor: Pn. Zan Azma Nasruddin)

______________________________

(Examiner: Pn. Nor Azimah Khalid)

_____________________________

( )

UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY OF MARA.

SHAH ALAM.

(2003 2006)

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad iiiBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalammualaikum w.b.k. First of all syukur Alhamdullilah, to dear God for His Bless

and Will as I am able to complete my final year project the development of Door Lock

Alert System project as the requirement of the Bachelor of Science (Hons) Data

Communication and Networking.

I would like to begin my acknowledgment with highly appreciation and thanks so much

to my dear parent for their bless and understanding, to all my sisters and brothers for the

supports

My high gratitude to my supervisor Pn.Zan Azma Nasruddin., to my examiner Pn.Nor

Azimah bt Khalid. Thanks so much for the ideas and guidance in preparation of this

thesis. Not forgotten Prof. Dr Saadiah Hj Yahya, En.Mohd Adzhar, and to all of the

individuals that involves in helping me during the progress of my project. Without your

feedback and cooperation I would not able to accomplish these project, your feedback

and cooperation are very valuable in my efforts for continuous improvement.

Special appreciations to my dear electrical engineerings friends who are willing to help

me in the process of developing my project, Mr. Mohd Iswadi (German Malaysian

Institute) and Nur Idora (UiTM Shah Alam) .Last but not least to all my friends your

cooperation were also so much valuable for me. Thank you.

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad ivBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


ABSTRACT

This project is a breakthrough in technology, which provides significance toward

preventing housebreaking crimes that used to be happening around home areas. The

projects scope is focusing on to develop a product that could help reducing the crimes

that caused by the carelessness and lack of motivation to verify the safety of the house

among the owner of a house. The project is an electronic based project, which is called as

a Door Lock Alert System Prototype (DLAS). A modified electric circuit built into an

entry way. The project is an optional product for home security, its functions is to

motivate the users to verify the safety of the door by making noise, besides the others

features that is provided in this products for example is the burglar alarm circuit that is

connected to the switch which is will detect the act of intrusion. Such as the movements

of the door while the system is activated. Due to the significant of the project that is

focusing on to develop a tool that can help to reduce the carelessness amongst users. A

survey was conducted to verify whether the project is possible to be developed or in other

word, to ensure the objective to develop a tool that can help to reduce carelessness is

achieved, and to verify the acceptance of public of this project. Some survey and analysis

was conducted. The survey involves the distribution of questionnaires, the questionnaires

covers the significant of developing the project.

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad vBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


TABLE OF CONTENTS

page

DECLARATION.ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT.iv

ABSTRACT..v

TABLE OF CONTENT..........vi

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.ix

LIST OF FIGURE......................................................................................xi

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION page

1.0 Introduction of Door Alert System Project.............2 1.1 Project background...3 1.2 Problem statement.....4 1.3 Scope and limitation of the project......5 1.4 Objectives...6 1.5 Significance of the project.........6

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW page

2.0 Similar project....................8

2.1 4-in-1 burglar alarm...................8

2.2 Timed burglar alarm........11

2.3 Theft preventer alarm..............................................................12

2.4 Electronic keypad..............13

2.5 PBS Switch debouncing circuit....................16

2.6 Keypad operate switch..18

2.7 Voltage and controlled switch using 555 timers.....20

2.8 Frequently asked question about installing your own burglar

alarm..22

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad viBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY page

3.1 Discoveries..25

3.1.1 Project ideas....25

3.1.2 Information gathering........25

3.2 Design......26

3.2.1 Projects works flow chart.........26

3.2.2 The projects flow work design.....27

3.3 Development and constructions...28

3.4 Implementation......29

3.5 The implementation of the project development....30

3.6 Surveys...32

CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND FINDING page

4.1Result and finding..34

4.1.1 The project development result and finding...34

4.1.2 The results projects flow work....35

4.1.3 Limitation...36

4.2 The surveys result and finding....37

4.2.1 introduction of the survey.....37

4.2.2 the correspondents.....38

4.2.3 experiencing of burglary...39

4.2.4 Carelessness....40

4.2.5 The reasons.........41

4.2.6 Security at home.........42

4.2.7 The reason dont posses commercial security system at

home.........43

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad viiBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


4.2.8 Consider implementing the tool...........44

4.2.9 System without automatic features improve peoples

motivation....45

4.2.10 carelessness and lack of motivation....47

4.2.11 DLAS help handling carelessness ..48

4.3 Price and cost analysis..49

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS page

5.1 The first objective conclusions.52

5.2 The second objective conclusions........52

5.3 The limitations...53

Recommendation....54

Reference ....55

Appendix..57

Appendix 1.......58

Appendix 2...........60

Appendix 3.......66

Appendix 4...................................................................................................67

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad viiiBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


LISTS OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. DLAS Door Lock Alert System.

2. AC Signal - the time variant portion of a voltage or current.

3. Capacitor - a device consisting of two conducting materials separated by an

insulating material (dielectric), which can store an electrical charge when a

potential difference exists between the two conductors.

4. DC - Direct Current, an electric current that flows in only one direction with

essentially constant value

5. Hz Hertz, unit of frequency, one cycle per second

6. Inductor: - circuit element that is a conductor wrapped into a coil to create a

magnetic field.

7. LED - Light Emitting Diode, emits light when current is passed through it.

8. (MHz) - Megahertz, a frequency of one-million Hertz, or 106 cycles per second

9. Resistance - A measurement of the impendence of a substance to charge

movement.

10. Sensitivity: - the ratio of the output value to the input value.

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad ixBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


11. Short Circuit - include a wire or other component into a circuit, which effectively

nullifies a component of that circuit, or leaves the voltage across the component

unchanged in its AC or DC signal.

12. Signal - a visual, audible, electrical or other indication used to convey

information

13. Transducer: - a device that provides a usable output in response to a specific

physical quantity, property, or condition, which is measured.

14. V - Volt, the unit of electric potential difference that and electromotive force

equal to the difference of potential between two points on a conductor carrying a

constant one-ampere current when the power dissipated between these two points

is equal to one watt.

15. Voltage - the difference in electric potential, expressed in volts, between two

points.

16. Watt - the SI unit of power, it stands for 1 Joule/sec.

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad xBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


LISTS OF FIGURES

Chapter 2 page

Figure 1.10

Figure 2.11

Figure 3.12

Figure 4.15

Figure5......17

Figure 6.....................19

Figure 7.21

Chapter 3 page

Figure 8....................30

Figure 9....................32

Figure 10......34

Figure 11......34

Figure 12..35

Figure 13..35

Chapter 4 page

Figure 14..39

Figure 15..42

Figure 16..................43

Figure 17..44

Figure 18..................45

Figure 19..46

Figure 20..47

Figure 21..................48

Figure 22......50

Figure 23..51

Figure 24..................52

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad xiBach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


CHAPTER 1

THE INTRODUCTION

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad Bac. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Introduction of Door Lock Alert System Project

Crimes that involve housebreaking keeps happen around us, there are many factors that

can be the reasons why did these crimes keep happening around us. some of the

possibility of the factors that lead to these crimes are come from the member of the house

itself, most of it are caused by as the carelessness and lack of motivations to verify the

security of the house. Therefore, as the solution to these problems, a project to

developing a prototype of tool that can help people to become more alert of their own

safety was done. The project is focusing on developing a tool that can help people to

reduce their carelessness and to improve their motivation as well to being more alert of

verifying the door of the house was properly locked. Besides it is also aimed to be an

affordable device so that it can able to help to increase the level of security of each house

in our society, the project is called as The Door Alert System (prototype), or DLAS,

which was composed by the electronic based. The device is provided with time setting,

intrusion detector, and the interface components such as keypad for time setting.

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad 2Bac. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


1.1 Project Background

As stated. The Door Lock Alert System (prototype) or DLAS is an electronic based

project, where the idea of producing this project was derived by the crimes that keep

happening around home areas, which was caused by the carelessness factors and lack of

motivation factors.

The project is about to develop a portable product that can compatible with all kind of

door. The DLAS is an optional home security devices which was been simplified from

the existing products, it is easy to use, expected to be cost effective and adjustable by

users.

The DLAS was composed of main electronics circuits and electronics component such

as:

Time setting system, or the alarm system where the default time can be setup by the users themselves

Alarm / sirens that will making much noise in order to alert the users if the door wasnt locked after the default-time was reached.

The interface component of the project will be some pressed button and LED. Where the LED will act as an interaction component between the DLAS and the

users, the LED will give the understanding to the users whether the DLAS was

activated or not. While the pressed button will act as the switch to enable the

system

Burglar alarm circuit or intrusion detector system, which is, connected to the switches, where it will detect any the intrusions while the system is activated. In

other words if the door was detected moving while the DLAS is active, the DLAS

will responds by making noise.


COPYRIGHT UiTM


1.2 Problem statement

Based on statistical Index of Polis Di Raja Malaysia, (1997-2004) crimes such as

housebreaking has high percentage level. Where the overall average of housebreaking

crime is 29,907 cases per year. Due to the statistical index of crimes, a continuous survey

was conducted in order to identify the reasons that cause housebreaking amongst our

society. Moreover, it is expected that one of the main factors that cause the crimes derive

from the owner of the house itself, such as carelessness, lack of motivation and

irresponsible. Meanwhile as well known, security systems installed in residences and

commercial establishments by nationally well-known companies like ADT, Brinks, and

Rollins. Who already offers a lot of home security system such as, burglar alarm, wireless

motion sensors etc. it is undeniable that most of all the products that offered by those

security company in our country, are effective and efficient, high-tech, more detailed and

complicated. However, it is expected that, only those who are come from high society

with high income be afford to have security system in their house. So to prove this, some

survey was conducted, the survey involves the distribution of questionnaires randomly to

the public and the survey involves some analysis that is made to compare the cost

effectiveness. In addition, the most important thing is as the solution for the problem and

as the continuous action of the survey, a product or a device that could help to reduce the

carelessness of the user itself will be developed. So in order to find the solution of these

problems that stated above, an electronic based project was developed. The project is

focusing on developing an electronic system that would act as a tool, which can help

people to become more aware and alert of their own safety.


COPYRIGHT UiTM


1.3 Scope and limitation of the project

In order to find the solution of the problems that stated at the previous page, an

electronic based project was developed. The project developed is to help to reduce the

carelessness besides to give the security to the house itself, but the project is only

focusing on developing an electronic system that would act as a tool, which can help

people to become more aware or alert of their own safety; it does not support automatic

features such as auto-lock system in order to give some kind of motivation to the users to

be more alert to verify the safety of their own. Meanwhile the survey that been conducted

had limited quantity of correspondents and it do not covers the testing of the product

because of the time constraint and other problems that occurs during the process of the

project.

On the other hand, in other word the limitations of this project are:

Limited time, high commitment, pad schedule Limited source of technical support The system only focusing on alert system, no automatic features such as auto-

lock facilities provided

Limited correspondents involves in survey


COPYRIGHT UiTM


1.4 Objectives

To develop an electronic based project that could act as a tool that able to help users to become more alert to verify their own safety.

To support the significant of developing this project by proving that the carelessness is one of the main factor that cause housebreaking crimes and to find

out the acceptance of this projects amongst public before the development phase

can be proceeded.

1. 5 Significant of the project

The project will lead to benefits as it:

Able to achieve the goal, that is to help to reduce the carelessness and lack of motivation amongst people in verifying the safety of their house, besides could

act as the security system once the system is activated.

Increase the variety of optional of home security system. Gives the users more option to choose the home security system besides the existing products in the

market place

FTMSK itself as the products producer and intermediaries of related authorities.


COPYRIGHT UiTM


CHAPTER 2

THE LITERATURE REVIEW

Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad Bac. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM


CCHHAAPPTTEERR 22

LLIITTEERRAATTUURREE RREEVVIIEEWW

2.0 Similar project review

2.1 4-in-1 Burglar Alarm

Electronic zone, (2006). 4-in-1 burglar alarm. Retrieved January 25, 2006

From http//:www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/4in1_burglaralarm.htm

In this circuit, the alarm will be switched on under the following four different

conditions:

1. When light falls on LDR1 (at the entry to the premises).

2. When light falling on LDR2 is obstructed.

3. When door switches are opened or a wire is broken.

4. When a handle is touched.

The light dependent resistor LDR1 should be placed in darkness near the door lock or

handle etc. If an intruder flashes his torch, its light will fall on LDR1, reducing the

voltage drop across it and so also the voltage applied to trigger one (pin 6) of IC1. Thus,

transistors T2 will get forward biased and relay RL1 energize and operate the alarm.

Sensitivity of LDR1 can be adjusted by varying preset VR1. LDR2 may be placed on one

side of a corridor such that the beam of light from a light source always falls on it. When

an intruder passes through the corridor, his shadow falls on LDR2. As a result, voltage

drop across LDR2 increases and pin 8 of IC1 goes low while output pin 9 of IC1 goes


COPYRIGHT UiTM

Door Alert System Faculty of Informative technology and quantitative sciences UiTM, Shah Alam high. Transistor T2 gets switched on and the relay operates to set the alarm. The

sensitivity of LDR2 can be adjusted by varying potentiometer VR2. A long but very thin

wire may be connected between the points A and B or C and D across a window or a

door. This long wire may even be used to lock or tie something. If anyone cuts or breaks

this wire, the alarm will be switched on, as pin 8 or 6 will go low. In place of the wire

Between points A and B or C and D door switches can be connected. These switches

should be fixed on the door in such a way that when the door is closed, the switch gets

closed and when the door is open, the switch remains open. If the switches or wire, are

not used between these points, the points should be shorted. With the help of a wire,

connect the touch point (P) with the handle of a door or some other suitable object made

of conducting material. When one touches this handle or the other connected object, pin 6

of IC1 goes low. So the alarm and the relay get switched on. When the object connected

to this touch point should be well insulated from ground. For good touch action,

potentiometer VR3 should be properly adjusted. If potentiometer VR3 tapping is held

more towards ground, the alarm will get switched on even without touching. In such a

situation, the tapping should be raised. But the tapping point should not be raised too

much as the touch action would then vanish. When you vary potentiometer VR1, re-

adjust the sensitivity of the touch point with the help of potentiometer VR3 properly. If

the alarm has a voltage rating of other than 6V (more than 6V), or if it draws a high

current (more than 150 mA), connect it through the relay points as shown by the dotted

lines. As a burglar alarm, battery backup is necessary for this circuit. Note: Electric

sparking in the vicinity of this circuit may cause false triggering of the circuit. To avoid

this adjust potentiometer VR3 properly


COPYRIGHT UiTM


Figure 1: 4-in-1 burglar alarm circuit.


COPYRIGHT UiTM

Door Alert System Faculty of Informative technology and quantitative sciences UiTM, Shah Alam 2.2 Timed Burglar Alarm

Richard Johnson (2006), N/O - N/C timed burglar alarm. Retrieved January 18, 2006

from http//:www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com2006/timed-burglaralarmN-O-N-

C_diagram.htm

This is a simple but effective alarm circuit, which can reset its self after a time that

selected. It has normally open and normally closed triggers that make this circuit very

practical. This alarm has normally open and normally closed triggers. It is on a 555 timer

so the alarm will reset it's self after a certain amount of time. The time is adjustable with

the variable resistor in the circuit. The alarm has a reset switch which can replaced with a

key switch to make it more secure, and can change the triggers to other types of door or

window switched too. The alarm uses a relay, which is connected to a siren but can

replace the siren with whatever the users want. The circuit is running off 9VOLTS but

can range from 4V - 16V. [2]

Figure 2: Timed burglar alarm.


COPYRIGHT UiTM


2.3 Theft preventer alarm

Electronic zone (2006), theft preventor. Retrieved January 16, 2006 from

http//:www.electroniccircuitsdiagrams.com/2006/burglar_alarm/theftpreventor_diagram.

htm

This circuit utilizing a 555 timer IC can be used as an alarm system to prevent the theft

of luggage, burglars breaking into house etc. but the alarm goes ON when a thin wire,

usually as thin as a hair is broken. The circuit is straightforward. It uses a 555 IC wired as

a stable multivibrator to produce a tone of frequency of about 1kHz which gives out a

shrill noise to scare away the burglar. The wire used to set off the alarm can be made of a

thin copper wire like SWG 36 or higher. It can even use single strands of copper form a

power cable. The circuit operates on a wide range of voltages from 5V to 15V.

The speaker and the circuit could be housed inside a tin can with holes drilled on the

speaker side for the sound to come out.

Figure 3: Theft preventer circuit diagram. Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad 12Bac. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking June 2003 - june2006

COPYRIGHT UiTM

Door Alert System Faculty of Informative technology and quantitative sciences UiTM, Shah Alam 2.4 Electronic keypad

Ron J (1995-2005) electronic keypad retrieved February 25, 2006 from

http//:www.hobbytron.com/electronic_keypad.htm

The IC is a quad 2 input "AND" gate, a CMOS 4081. These gates only produce a HIGH

output, when BOTH the inputs are HIGH. When the key wired to 'E' is pressed, current

through R1 and D1 switchs Q5 on. The relay energizes; and Q5 is 'latched on' by R8.

Thus, the Alarm is set by pressing a single key; say one of the two non-numeric symbols.

The alarm will switch off when the 4 keys connected to "A, B, C, D" are pushed in the

right order. The circuit works because each gate 'Stands' upon its predecessor. If any key

other than the correct key is pushed, then gate 1 is knocked out of the stack, and the code

entry fails. Pin 1 is held high by R4. This 'Enables' gate 1; and when button 'A' is pressed,

the output at pin 3 will go high. This output does two jobs. It locks itself 'ON' through R2

and it 'Enables' gate 2, by taking pin 5, high. Now, if 'B' is pressed, the output of gate 2, at

pin 4 will go high. This output does two jobs. It locks itself 'ON' through R3 and it

'Enables' gate 3 by taking pin 12 high.

Now, if 'C' is pressed, the output of gate 3 will lock itself 'ON' through R5 and, by taking

pin 8 high, 'Enable' gate 4. Pressing 'D' causes gate 4 to do the same thing; only this time

its output, at pin 10, turns Q4 'ON'. This takes the base of Q5 to ground, switching it off

and letting the relay drop out. This switches the alarm off.

Any keys not connected to 'A B C D E' are wired to the base of Q1. Whenever 'E' or one

of these other keys is pressed, pin 1 is taken low and the circuit is reset. In addition, if 'C'

or 'D' is pressed out of sequence, then Q2 or Q3 will take pin 1 low and the circuit will

reset. Thus nothing happens until 'A' is pressed. Then if any key other than 'B' is pressed,

the circuit will reset.


COPYRIGHT UiTM

norin azmiah bt. ahmad 06 24

Documents