normal anatomy (1).rtf

7/18/2019 Normal Anatomy (1).rtf

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1

A 10-year-old child complains of weakness, nausea, irritability. Helminthes of while color and

5-10 mm long were found on the underwear. On microscopy of the scrape from the perianal

folds achromic oums of unsymmetrical form were reealed. !ndicate what helminth is

parasiting on the child"

A #nterobins ermicularis

BAncylostoma duodenalis

C$richurisD $richina

EAscaris lumbricoides

2

A patient has been brought to the hospital with the complaints of headache, pain in left

hypochondrium. He has been ill for 1,5 weeks. $he sudden illness began with the increase of

body temperature up to %&,&o'. !n % hours the temperature decreased and hydropoiesis

began. $he attacks repeat rhythmically in () hours. $he patient had isited one an African

country. $he doctors hae suspected malaria. *hat method of laboratory diagnostics is

necessary to use"

A +lood eamination

B !mmunological tests

Ctool eamination

D #amination of aginal and urethral discharge

Erine eamination

3

lime, blood and proto/oa %0-00 microns of length hae been reealed in a mans feces.

$he body is coered with cilias and has correct oal form with a little bit narrowed forward andwide round shaped back end. On the forward end a mouth is isible. !n cytoplasm there are

two nucleuses and two short acuoles. 2or whom are the described attributes typical"

A +alantidium

B 3amblia

C4ysenteric amoeba

D $richomonas

E !ntestinal amoeba

4

A patient in three weeks after acute myocardial infarction has pain in the heart and oints and

pneumonia. *hat is the main mechanism of deelopment of post-infarction 4ressler6s

syndrome"

AAutoimmune inflammation

B !schemia of myocardium

C7esorption of en/ymes from necroti/ed area of myocardium

D econdary infection

E8essels thrombosis

5

4uring the fetal period of the deelopment in the ascular system of the fetus large arterial

9+otallos: duct is functioning which conerts into lig. arteriosum after birth. *hat anatomical

formations does this duct connect between each other"

A ;ulmonary trunk and aorta


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B 7ight and left auricle

CAorta and inferior ena caa

D ;ulmonary trunk and superior ena caa

EAorta and superior ena caa

6


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11

$he aleolar entilation of the patient is 5 3Cmin, the breath freBuency is 10 perCmin, and the

tidal olume is D00 ml. *hat is the patients dead space entilation"

A ,0 3Cmin

B 0,D 3Cmin

C1,0 3Cmin

D (,% 3CminE-

12

4uring inestigation of patient, it was found formation in the white substance of cerebral

hemispheres with location in the knee and frontal part of posterior crus of internal capsule.

2ibres of what conductie tract of the brain will be disrupted"

A $r. pyramidalis

B $r. frontothalamicus

CEr. thalamocorticalis

D $r. frontopontinus

E$r. parietooccipitopontinus

13

Only one factor can influence the charge of amino acid radicals in the actie centre of en/yme.

Fame this factor=

A pH medium

B ;ressure

C$emperature

D $he presence of a competitie inhibitorE$he surplus of a product

14

uccinate dehydrogenase catalyses the dehydrogenation of succinate. ?alonic acid

HOO'-'H-'OOH is used to interrupt the action of this en/yme. 'hoose the inhibition

type=

A 'ompetitie

BAllosteric

CFon-competitie

D 3imited proteolysis

E4ephosphorylation

15

$he gluconeogenesis is actiated in the lier after intensie physical trainings .*hat

substance is utili/ed in gluconeogenesis first of all in this case=

A 3actate

B ;yruate

CGlucose

D GlutamateEAlanine

16


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A patient with a stab wound of the anterior stomach wall is in surgical care. *hat formation of

abdominal caity did the stomach contents get into"

AAntegastrial bursa

B Omental bursa

CHepatic bursa

D 3eft mesenteric sinus

E7ight mesenteric sinus

17

A patient had been taking glucocorticoids for a long time. *hen the preparation was

withdrawn he deeloped the symptoms of disease aggraation, decreased blood pressure

and weakness. *hat is the reason of this condition"

AAppearance of adrenal insufficiency

B Hyperproduction of A'$H

Censibili/ation

D Habituation

E'umulation

18

A patient has tissue ischemia below the knee oint accompanied with intermittent

claudication. *hat artery occlusion should be suspected"

A ;opliteal artery

B ;eroneal artery

C;osterior tibial artery

D Anterior tibial artery

E;roimal part of femoral artery

19

A patient, who suffers from congenital erythropoietic porphyria, has skin photosensitiity. $he

accumulation of what compound in the skin can cause it"

A roporphyrinogen 1

B ;rotoporphyrin

Croporphyrinogen

D 'oproporphyrinogen %

EHeme

20

A patient has a malignisation of thoracic part of esophagus. *hat lymphatic nodes are

regional for this organ"

AAnulus lymphaticus cardiae

B Fodi lymphatici paratrachealis

CFodi lymphatici preertebralis

D Fodi lymphatici pericardiales laterales

EFodi lymphatici mediastinales posteriores

21

$he patient has come to the hospital from the smelting workshop in the condition of

hyperthermia. *hat is the direct cause of loss of consciousness at the heat stroke"

A 4ecreased brain blood supply

BArterial pressure drop


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C !ncreased water loss through sweating

D 4ecrease of heart output

E4ilatation of peripheral essels

22

A patients blood was analy/ed and the decreased erythrocyte6s sedimentation rate 9#7:

was discoered. *hat disease from the listed below is accompanied with decreased #7"

A ;olycytemiaB Hepatitis

Cplenomegaly

D 8itamin + deficiency

E?yocardial infarction

23

A 55-year-old patien was hospitali/ed in result of the trauma of the medial group of femoral

muscles. *hat kind of moements is the patient unable to do"

AAdduction of femur

BAbduction of femur

C2leion of femur

D #tension of femur

Euppination of femur

24

A mother of a newborn complains of her babys constant belching with undigested milk.

*hich deelopmental anomaly is it an eidence of"

A #sophageal atresia

B 3abium leporiumC2au lupinum

D Anal atresia

E#sophageal fistula

25

4uring the endoscopy the inflammation of a maor papilla of the duodenum and the

disturbances of bile secretion were found. !n which part of duodenum were the problems

found"

A 4escendent part

BAscendant part

C+ulb

D pper hori/ontal part

E3ower hori/ontal part

26

A 1)-year-old patient came to the out-patient department with the complaints of bleeding

trauma in the estibule of his nose. On eamination= the mechanical inure of the mucous

layer of the estibule without continuation into nasal caity proper. *hat is the boundary

between the estibule and nasal caity proper"A Fasal limen

B Fasal roller

CFasal septa

D 'hoanes


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EFostrils

27

A %-year-old patient has been diagnosed with bartholinitis 9inflammation of +artholins

glands :. !n what part of the female urogenital system are the +artholins glands located"

A $he labia maor

B $he labia minor

C$he clitorisD $he agina

E$he uterus

28

A 50 year-old patient had hemorrhage of the brain and was taken to the hospital. $he place of

hemorrhage was reealed on the lateral hemispheres surfaces during the medical

eamination. *hat artety was inured "

A $he middle cerebral artery

B $he anterior cerebral artery

C$he posterior cerebral artery

D $he anterior communicating artery

E$he posterior communicating artery

29

A %0-year-old patient was hospitali/ed due to bleeding of the facial artery . *hat place on the

face has to be pressed to stop bleeding"

A $he mandible6s edge

B $he mental process

C$he mandible6s branchD $he nose6s back

E$he molar bone

30

A 1& year-old patient was diagnosed with appendicitis and was hospitali/ed. $he surgical

operation on ablating appendi ermiformis is to be performed. *hat artery must be fied to

stop bleeding during the surgical operation"

A $he ileocolic artery

B $he colica detra

C$he colica media

D $he colica sinistra

E$he iliac

31

A (5-year-old man fell on the right knee and felt the acute pain in the oint. On eamination=

seere edema on the anterior surface of the knee oint. 'runching sounds are heard while

moing the oint. *hich bone is destroyed"

A nee-cap

B Feck of the thigh boneC3eft epicondyle of the thigh

D 7ight epicondyle of the thigh

EHead of the thigh bone


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32

4uring the operation on the hip oint of a 5-year-old child her ligament was damaged which

caused bleeding.*hat ligament was damaged"

A $he head of the thigh

B ;erpendicular of the acetabule

C !liofemoral

D ;ubofemoral

E !schiofemoral

33

A -year-old child fell on the cutting obect and traumati/ed soft tissues between tibia and

fibula . *hat kind of bone connection was inured"

A ?embrane

B uture

C3igament

D 2ontanel

EGomphosis

34

sually the intraenous inection is done into median cubital ein because it is slightly

moable due to fiation by the soft tissues. *hat does it fi in the cubital fossa"

AAponeurosis of biceps muscle

B $endon of the triceps muscle

C+rachial muscle

D +rachioradial muscle

EAnconeus muscle

35

8ictim has elbow oint trauma with aulsion of medial epicondyle of humerus. *hat nere can

be damaged in this trauma"

A lnar

B 7adial

C?usculocutaneous nere

D 'ardiac cutaneous nere

E?edial cutaneous nere of forearm

36

A 5(-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with complaints of pain in the right subcostal

region, omiting with blood. Obectiely= enlarged lier, aricose eins in the stomach and

esophagus. 4isfunction of what essel is likely to be"

A 8ena porta

BAorta abdominalis

C8ena hepatica

D 8ena caa superior

E8ena caa inferior

37

#amination of a -year-old child reealed physical deelopmental lag, the child often has

pneumonias. $he child was diagnosed with nonclosure of ductus arteriosus.


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Haemodynamics disorder was caused by the intercommunication of the following essels=

AAorta and pulmonary trunk

B ;ulmonary trunk and pulmonary eins

Cuperior caa and aorta

D uperior caa and pulmonary trunk

EAorta and pulmonary eins

38

A 5-year-old child was admitted to the otorhinolaryngological department with diagnosis -

suppuratie inflammation of the middle ear. 4isease started from the inflammation of the

nasopharyn. $hrough the what canal of the temporal bone did the infection get into the

tympanic caity"

A ?usculortubal canal

B $ympanic 'analiculus tympanicus

C'arotid canal

D 'analiculus chordal tympani

E'analiculi caroticotympanici

39

!nflammation of the tympanic caity 9purulent otitis media: was complicated by inflammation

of mammillary process sockets. *hat wall of tympanic caity did the pus penetrate into the

sockets through"

A ;osterior

BAnterior

C?edial

D 3ateral

Euperior

40

A 1&-year-old female suffers from tachycardia in rest condition, weight loss, ecessie

sweating, eophtalmos and irritability. *hat hormone would you epect to find eleated in her

serum"

A $hyroine

B 'ortisol

C?ineralocorticoids

D A'$H

E !nsulin

41

A 0-year-old patient was diagnosed with hypothalamic lateral nuclei stroke. *hat changes in

patient6s behaior may be epected"

A $he reection of food

BAggressie behaiour

C4epression

D $hirst

Ensatisfied hunger

42

$he process of heart transplantation determined the iability of myocardial cells. $he

determination of what myocardium parameter is the most important"


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A 7est potential of cardiomyocytes

B Heart temperature

C'oncentration of oygen in heart essels

D 'oncentration of calcium-ions in myofibrils

E'oncentration of 'a-ions in heart essels

43

!t is necessary to take the cerebrospinal fluid from a patient with suspected inflammation ofbrain tunics. 4iagnostic puncture was performed between the arches of the lumbar ertebras.

4uring the puncture the needle went through the following ligament=

A


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A 4egeneratie left shift

B 7ight shift

C7egeneratie left shift

D Hyperregeneratie

E7egeneratiely-degeneratie

48

;atient complains of freBuent and difficult urination. !mperfection of what formation can causeit"

A ;rostate

B $esticles

C+ulb-uretic glands

D $esticle adnea

Eperm bubbles

49

'hild inspired button. *here is it likely to be"

A !n the right main bronchus

B !n the left main bronchus

C !n the trachea

D !n the laryn

E !n the gullet

50

8egetatie abnormalities in the sleep, heat regulation, all kinds of metabolism, diabetes

insipidus are deeloping in the patient due to grouth of the tumour in the !!! entricle of brain.

!rritation of the nucleus of what part of the brain can cause this symptoms"A Hypothalamus

B 'erebral peduncles 9cruces cerebri:

C?esencephalic tegmentum

D ;ons cerebelli

E?edulla

51

A patient with infectious mononucleosis had been taking glucocorticoids for two weeks. He

was brought into remission, but he fell ill with acute attack of chronic tonsillitis. *hat action of

glucocorticoids caused this complication"

A !mmunosuppressie

BAnti-inflammatory

CAntishock

D Antiallergic

EAntitoic

52

A (5-year-old man with domestic apper arm inuiry came to the trauma unit. $he obectie

data are= there are no etension, adduction or pronation functions of the arm. *hat muscledamage caused this condition"

A $eres maor

B ubscapular

C$eres minor


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D ubspinous

Eupraspinous

53

A man with internal abdominal right side inury and suspicion of lier rupture was admitted to

the traumatological department. !n what peritonial structure will blood accumulate"

A #caatio rectoesicalis

B +ursa omentalisC7ecessus intersigmoideus

D 2ossa ischio-analis

E7ecessus duodenalis inferior

54

A histological spacemen presents parenchymal organ, which has corte and medulla. 'orte

consists of epitheliocytes bars with blood capillaries between themL the bars form three

/ones. ?edulla consists of chromaffinocytes and enous sinusoids. *hich organ has these

morphological features"

AAdrenal gland

B idney

C3ymph node

D $hymus

E$hyroid

55

After trauma a ((-year-old patient had a rupture of left palm muscle tendons and of the

surface of blood essels. After operation and remoal of the most part of the necrotically

changed muscle tissue the bloodstream was normali/ed. *hat essels hae helped withrestoration of bloodstream"

AArcus palmaris profundus

BArcus palmaris superficialis

CAa. digitales palmares communes

D Aa. metacarpeae palmares

EAa. perforantes

56

A (5-year-old man applied to the trauma unit because of domestic shoulder trauma.

Obectiely= fleibility, reduction and pronation functions of the shoulder are absent. *hat

muscle was inured"

A $eres maor muscle

B ubscapular muscle

C$eres minor muscle

D !nfraspinous muscle

Eupraspinous muscle

57

Oarian tumour was diagno/ed in the woman. urgery was indicated. *hat ligament shouldbe cut by the surgeon to disconnect the oary and the uterus"

A $he oarial ligament

B +road ligament of uterus

C3ateral umbilical ligament


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D uspensory ligament of oary

E7ound ligament of uterus

58

An old woman was hospitali/ed with acute pain, edema in the right hip ointL the moements

in the oint are limited. *hich bone or part of it was broken"

A $he neck of the thigh

B $he body of the thigh boneC'ondyle of the thigh

D ;ubic bone

E !schial bone

59

A 5%-year-old female patient was diagnosed with lier rupture resulting from a blunt

abdominal inury. $he escaped blood will be assembled in the following anatomic formation=

A 7ectouterine pouch

B 8esicouterine pouch

C7ight mesenteric sinus

D Omental bursa

E3eft mesenteric sinus

60

A patient complains about edemata of legs, skin cyanosis, small ulcers on one side of the

lateral condyle. #amination reealed a swelling, enlarged eins, formation of nodes. $he

pathological process has started in the following ein=

A 8. saphena para

B 8. saphena magnaC8. femoralis

D 8. profunda femoris

E8. iliaca eterna

61

A D0 year old female patient was diagnosed with fracture of left femoral neck accompanied by

disruption of ligament of head of femur. $he branch of the following artery is damaged=

A Obturator

B 2emoral

C#ternal iliac

D !nferior gluteal

E !nternal pudendal

62

A woman underwent an operation on account of etrauterine 9tubal: pregnancy. !n course of

the operation the surgeon should ligate the branches of the following arteries=

A terine and oarian

B uperior cystic and oarian

C !nferior cystic and oarianD terine and superior cystic

Eterine and inferior cystic


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63

A month old baby ill with bronchitis was taken for an @-ray of chest. Apart of changes

associated with bronchi the @-ray film showed a shadow of thymus gland. *hat might hae

caused such changes"

A $he aboe-mentioned condition is a normal ariant for this age

B !ts the effect of bronchitis

C !t is caused by abnormal position

D !t is caused by thymus inflammation

E !t is caused by neoplastic process

64

A D-year-old child cant abduct the shoulder, raise it to the hori/ontal leel. He can raise the

hand to the face only with dorsal side with abduction of the shoulder 9with help of

supraspinous muscle : - MbuglerM arm. Actie function of what muscle is absent"

A 4eltoid

B !nfraspinous

C;ectoral maor

D $eres minor

E$eres maor

65

A D-year-old girl has signs of anemia. 3aboratory eamination reealed pyruate kinase

deficiency in erythrocytes. *hat process disturbance plays the main role in anemia

deelopment"

AAnaerobic glycolysis

B Oidatie phosphorylation

C$issue respiration

D ;eroide decompositionEAminoacids desamination

66

A patient complained about being unable to adduct and abduct fingers in the

metacarpophalangeal articulations towards and away from the %rd finger. *hich muscles

function is impaired"

A !nterosseous muscles

B 3umbrical muscles

C+reifleors of fingers

D 3ong fleors of fingers

E#tensors

67

A (5-year-old patient was admitted to the surgical department with complaints of abrupt sharp

pain in the epigastric region. After eamination it was diagnosed= perforated ulcer of the

posterior wall of the stomach. *here did content of the stomach flow out while perforation"

A $o the omental bursa

B $o the lier bursa

C$o the proentriculus sack

D $o the left mesenteric sinus

E$o the right mesenteric sinus


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68

A 5-year-old patient complained of the decreased ision. Accommodation disorders, dilated

pupil, not reacting on the light were reealed on eamination. 2unction of what muscles is

disturbed"

A ;upil narrowing muscle, ciliary

B ;upil dilating muscle, ciliary

C !nferior obliBue muscle, ciliary

D 3ateral rectus muscle, pupil narrowing

E;upil narrowing and dilating muscle

69

?icrospecimen of spinal cord contains a nucleus that should be analy/ed. !ts neurons form

motor endings in the skeletal muscles. *hat nucleus of spinal cord is meant"

A ;roper nucleus of the anterior horn

B $horacic nucleus

C !ntermediate lateral nucleus

D ;roper nucleus of the posterior horn

E;roper nucleus of gray substance

70

A man with cut wound of his right foot sole was admitted to the hospital ward. $he patient has

limited eleation of the lateral foot edge. !n course of wound management the inury of a

muscle tendon was reealed. *hat muscle is inured"

A 3ong peroneal

BAnterior tibial

C3ong etensor muscle of toes

D $riceps muscle of crus

Ehort peroneal

71

A %5 year old man with a trauma of his left hand was admitted to the traumatology

department. Obectiely= cut wound of palmar surface of left handL middle phalanes of !!K8

fingers dont bend. *hat muscles are damaged"

A uperficial finger fleor

B ;rofound finger fleor

C3umbrical muscles

D ;almar interosseous muscles

E4orsal interosseous muscles

72

A %)-year-old patient came to a traumatology centre and complained about an inury of his

right hand. Obectiely= the patient has a cut wound in the region of the thenar eminence on

the right handL distal phalan of the ! finger cannot be fleed. *hat muscle was inured"

A 3ong fleor muscle of thumb

B hort fleor muscle of thumb

Chort abductor muscle of thumb

DOpposer muscle of thumb

EAbductor muscle of thumb

73


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A patient with neuritis of femoral nere has disturbed fleion of thigh as well as disturbed crus

etension in the knee oint. *hat muscles function is disturbed"

A Nuadriceps muscle of thigh

B +iceps muscle of thigh

C$riceps muscle of thigh

D emitendinous muscle

Eemimembranous muscle

74

!n the specimen of one of the parts of respiratory system a tubular organ was found. !t has low

epithelium, well deeloped muscular tunic, glands and cartilage are absent. Fame this

organ=

A ?inor bronchs

B $rachea

C3aryn

D ?aor bronchs

E?edian bronchs

75

*here should the cathetor for eacuation of the lymph from the thoracic lymph duct be

inserted"

A $o the left enous corner

B $o the right enous corner

C$o the superior ena caa

D $o the inferior ena caa

E$o the left inguinal ein

76

A patient has difficulties with hand moement. #amination reealed inflammation of common

synoial sheath of fleor muscles. !t is known from the patients anamnesis that he got a stab

wound of finger a week ago. *hich finger was most probably damaged"

A 4igitus minimus

B ;olle

C4igitus medius

D !nde

E4igitus anularis

77

An inured man has bleeding from branches of carotid artery. 2or a temporary arrest of

bleeding it is necessary to press the carotid artery to the tubercle of a cerical ertebra. *hich

ertebra is it"

A 8!

B 8

C !8

D !!!

E !!

78

As a result of an accident a patient has intense painfullness and edema of the anterior crus

surfaceL dorsal fleion of foot is hindered. 2unction of which crus muscle is most likely to be


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disturbed"

A ?.tibialis anterior

B ?.fleor digitorum longus

C?.fleor hallucis longus

D ?.peroneus longus

E?.peroneus breis

79

A (0-year-old patient complains of intensie heartbeats, sweating, nausea, isual

impairment, arm tremor, hypertension. 2rom his anamnesis= years ago he was diagnosed

with pheochromocytoma. Hyperproduction of what hormones causes the gien pathology"

A 'atecholamines

BAldosterone

CGlucocorticoids

D A'$H

E$hyroidal hormones

80

A patient who suffers from cancer of back of tongue has an intense bleeding as a result of

affection of dorsal lingual artery by the tumour. *hat essel should be ligated to stop

bleeding"

A 3ingual artery

B 4orsal lingual artery

C4eep lingual artery

D 2acial artery

EAscending pharyngeal artery

81

A 5)-year-old patient with acute cardiac insufficiency has decreased olume of daily urine -

oliguria. *hat is the mechanism of this phenomenon"

A 4ecreased glomerular filtration

B 4ecreased number of functioning glomerules

C4rop of oncotic blood pressure

D 7ise of hydrostatic blood pressure in capillars

E7educed permeamility of renal filter

82

An 1)-year-old man was deliered to the hospital after a road accident. #amination at the

traumatological department reealed multiple inuries of soft tissues of face in the region of

the medial eye angle. $he inuries caused massie haemorrhage. *hat arterial anastomosis

might hae been damaged in this region"

A a. carotis eterna et a. carotis interna

B a. carotis eterna et a. subclaia

Ca. carotis interna et a. subclaia

D a. subclaia et a. ophthalmica

Ea. carotis interna et a. ophthalmica

83

After a y.o. child has had flu, there appeared complaints about ear ache. A doctor reealed

hearing impairment and inflammation of the middle ear. How did the infection penetrate into


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the middle ear"

A $hrough the auditory tube

B $hrough foramen ugularis

C$hrough canalis caroticus

D $hrough atrium mastoideum

E$hrough canalis nasolacrimalis

84

A surgeon has to find the common hepatic duct during the operatie interention on account of

concrements in the gall ducts. $he common hepatic duct is located between the leaes of=

A Hepatoduodenal ligament

B Hepatogastric ligament

CHepatorenal ligament

D 7ound ligament of lier

E8enous ligament

85

'erebral trauma caused increase of ammonia formation. *hat aminoacid takes part in

remoal of ammonia from cerebral tissue"

A Glutamic

B $yrosine

C8aline

D $ryptophan

E3isine

86

A (0-year-old woman was admitted to the infectious diseases department with high bodytemperature. Obectiely= marked meningeal symptoms. A spinal cord punction was made.

*hat anatomic formation was puncturated"

A patium subarachnoideum

B patium subdurale

Cpatium epidurale

D 'aum trigeminale

E'isterna cerebellomedullaris posterior

87

After resection of the middle third of femoral artery obliterated by a thromb the lower etremity

is supplied with blood due to the surgical bypass. Fame an artery that plays the main role in

reestablishment of blood flow=

A 4eep femoral artery

B uperficial circumfle artery of hip bone

C4escending genicular artery

D uperficial epigastric artery

E4eep eternal pudendal artery

88

A patients knee oint doesnt etend, there is no knee-erk refle, skin sensitiity of the anterior

femoral surface is disturbed. *hat nere structures are damaged"

A 2emoral nere

B uperior gluteal nere


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C+ig fibular nere

D Obturator nere

E !nferior gluteal nere

89

$he electronic microphoto of kidney fragment has eposed afferent glomerular arteriole,

which has giant cells under its endothelium, containing secretory granules. Fame the type of

these cells=A utaglomerular

B ?esangial

Cmoothmuscular

D utaascular

E !nterstitial

90

A 50 y.o. patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints about pain behind his

breastbone, asphyia during physical actiity. Angiography reealed pathological changes in

the posterior interentricular branch of the right coronary artery. *hat heart parts are affected"

A ;osterior wall of the right and left entricles

B 3eft atrium

CAnterior wall of the right and left entricles

D 7ight atrium

E7ight atrioentricular ale

91

A patient was admitted to the surgical department with suspected inflammation of ?eckels

dierticulum. *hat part of bowels should be eamined in order to discoer the dierticulum incourse of an operation"

A !leum

B 4uodenum

Ceunum

D 'aecum

E'olon ascendens

92

#amination of a newborn boys genitals reealed a cleft of urethra that opens on the inferior

surface of his penis. *hat deelopmental anomaly is meant"

A Hypospadia

B Hermaphroditism

C#pispadia

D ?onorchism

E'ryptorchism

93

A patient complains about impaired eacuatory function of stomach 9long-term retention of

food in stomach:. #amination reealed a tumour of initial part of duodenum. pecifylocali/ation of the tumour=

A ;ars superior

B ;ars inferior

C;ars descendens


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D ;ars ascendens

E2leura duodeni inferior

94

A man after 1,5 litre blood loss has suddenly reduced diuresis. $he increased secretion of

what hormone caused such diuresis alteration"

A 8asopressin

B 'orticotropinCFatriuretic

D 'ortisol

E;arathormone

95

A young man consulted a doctor about disturbed urination. #amination of his eternal

genitals reealed that urethra is split on top and urine runs out of this opening. *hat anomaly

of eternal genitals deelopment is the case"

A #pispadia

B ;himosis

CHermaphroditism

D ;araphimosis

EHypospadia

96

A %5 year old patient applied to a doctor with complaints about haing intense rhinitis and

loss of sense of smell for a week. Obectiely= nasal caity contains a lot of mucus that coers

mucous membrane and blocks olfactory receptors. !n what part of nasal caity are these

receptors situated"A uperior nasal turbinate

B ?edian nasal turbinate

C !nferior nasal turbinate

D 'ommon nasal meatus

E8estibule of nose

97

!nflammatory process of modified subserous layer around ceri of the uterus caused an

intensie pain syndrome. !n what region of genitals does the pathological process take

place"

A ;arametrium

B ?esometrium

C?yometrium

D #ndometrium

E;erimetrium

98

!n course of an operation surgeon remoed a part of a lung that was entilated by a tertiary

bronchus accompanied by branches of pulmonary artery and other essels. *hat part of alung was remoed"

A +ronchopulmonary segment

B ?iddle lobe

C !nferior lobe


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D uperior lobe

E;ulmonary lobule

99

*hile eamining the oral caity a stomatologist reealed inflammation of papillae on the

border of the median and posterior third of the back of tongue. *hat papillae are inflamed"

A ;apillae allatae

B ;apillae fungiformesC;apillae foliatae

D ;apillae filiformes

E ;apillae conicae

100

#amination of a patient reealed an abscess of pterygopalatine fossa. *here can the

infection spread to unless the disease is managed in time"

A $o the orbit

B $o the interpterygoid space

C$o the frontal sinus

D $o the subgaleal temporal space

E$o the tympanic caity

101

4uring complicated labour the symphysis pubis ruptured. *hat organ can be damaged

mostly"

A rinary blader

B 7ectum

COariaD terine tubes

Eterus

102

A patient with cholelithiasis fell ill with mechanic aundice. #amination reealed that the

stone was in the common bile duct. *hat bile-ecreting ducts make up the obturated duct"

A 4uctus hepaticus communis et ductus cysticus

B 4uctus hepaticus deter et sinister

C4uctus hepaticus deter et ductus cysticus

D 4uctus hepaticus sinister et ductus cysticusE4uctus hepaticus communis et ductus choledochus

103

Feurological eamination of a 5 y.o. patient reealed a haemorrhage within the superior

temporal gyrus. !n the blood supply area of which artery is it"

A ?iddle cerebral artery

BAnterior cerebral artery

C;osterior cerebral artery

DAnterior communicating artery

E+asilar artery

104


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A D0 y.o. man has cut an abscess off in the area of mammiform process during shaing. $wo

days later he was admitted to the hospital with inflammation of arachnoid membranes. How

did the infection penetrate into the caity of skull"

A 8.emissariaP mastoideaP

B 8..labyrinthi

C8..tympanicae

D 8.facialis

E8..auriculares

105

$he cerebrospinal fluid is being eamined for the purpose of diffrential meningitis

diagnostics. At what site is the lumbal puncture safe"

A 3 !!!-3 !8

B 3 !!-3 !!!

C3 !-3 !!

D $h @!!-3 !

E3 8- !

106

*hile preparing a patient to the operation the heart chambers pressure was measured. !n

one of them the pressure changed during one heart cycle from 0 to 10 mm Hg. *hat

chamber of heart was it"

A 3eft entricle

B 7ight entricle

C7ight atrium

D 3eft atrium

E-

107

;art of aleoles of a preterm infant didnt spread because of enhanced elastic recoil of lungs.

How can this recoil be reduced"

A +y surfactant introduction

B +y pure oygene inhalation

C+y artificial pulmonary entilation

D +y fluid suction from the respiratory tracts

E+y glycose introduction

108

;reentie eamination of a patient reealed an enlarged lymph node of metastatic origin on

the medial wall of the left aillary crease. pecify the most likely locali/ation of the primary

tumour=

A ?ammary gland

B ubmandibular saliary gland

C3ung

D tomach

E$hyroid gland

109

A man suffering from osteochondrosis got acute pain in the abdominal muscles 9lateral and

anterior:. 4uring obectie eamination a physician diagnosticated increased pain sensitiity


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of skin in the hypogastric region. $his pain might be caused by affection of the following nere=

A !liohypogastric

B ciatic

CObturator

D 2emoral

EGenitofemoral

110

A woman suffering from osteochondrosis felt acute pain in her humeral articulation that

became stronger when she abducted her shoulder. $hese symptoms might be caused by

damage of the following nere=

AAillary nere

B ubscapular nere

C4orsal scapular nere

D ubclaicular nere

E$hroracodorsal nere

111

;yeloureterography @-ray photo showed a renal pelis with minor calyces only 9maor calyces

were absent:. *hat form of urinary tracts of a kidney was reealed"

A #mbryonal

B 2etal

C?ature

D Ampullar

E-

112

A patient has a deep cut wound on the posterior surface of his shoulder in its middle third.

*hat muscle might be inured"

A $riceps muscle of arm

B +iceps muscle of arm

CAnconeus muscle

D +rachial muscle

E'oracobrachial muscle

113

A patient has pain, edema and reddening of his skin in the anterosuperior area of his thigh

and his foots thumb. *hat lymph nodes of his lower etremity responded to the inflammatory

process"

A uperficial inguinal

B 4eep inguinal

C !nternal longitudinal

D uperficial longitudinal

EGeneral longitudinal

114

A patient got a craniocerebral trauma that resulted in right-side conergent strabismus.

4amage of which craniocerebral nere caused such conseBuences"

A n.abducens


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B n.facialis

Cn.trigeminus

D n.trochlearis

En.aculomotorius

115

!n case of a penetrating wound of the anterior abdominal wall the wound tract went aboe the

lesser curature of stomach. *hat peritoneum formation is most likely to be inured"A 3igamentum hepatogastricum

B 3igamentum gastrocolicum

C3igamentum hepatoduoduodenale

D 3igamentum hepatorenale

E3igamentum triangulare sinistrum

116

After a trauma a patient lost ability of elbow etension. $his might hae been caused by

dysfunction of the following main muscle=

A m. triceps brachii

B m. subscapularis

Cm. teres maor

D m. infraspinatus

Em. leator scapulae

117

A patient has been diagnosed with a compression fracture of a lumbar ertebra. As a result

he has a considerable increase in curature of the lumbar lordosis. *hich ligament damage

can induce such changes in the spine curature"AAnterior longitudinal ligament

B ;osterior longitudinal ligament

C


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E$ectospinal tract

120

#amination of a patient reealed hypertrophy and inflammation of lymphoid tissue, edema of

mucous membrane between palatine arches 9acute tonsillitis:. *hat tonsil is normally

situated in this area"

A $onsilla palatina

B $onsilla pharyngealisC$onsilla tubaria

D $onsilla lingualis

E-

121

*hile performing an operation in the area of aillary crease a surgeon has to define an

arterial essel surrounded by fascicles of brachial pleus. *hat artery is it"

AA.aillaris

BA.ertebralis

CA.transersa colli

D A.profunda brachii

EA.subscapularis

122

#amination of a patient with impaired blood coagulation reealed thrombosis of a branch of

inferior mesenteric artery. *hat bowel segment is damaged"

A 'olon sigmoideum

B !leum

C'aecumD 'olon transersum

E'olon ascendens

123

A patient was admitted to the surgical department with inguinal hernia. 4uring the operation

the surgeon performs plastic surgery on posterior wall of inguinal canal. *hat structure forms

this wall"

A $ranserse fascia

BAponeurosis of abdominal eternal obliBue muscle

C !nguinal ligament

D 3oose inferior edge of transerse abdominal muscle

E;eritoneum

124

A man with an inury of the dorsal area of his neck was admitted to the resuscitation

department. *hat muscle occupies this area"

A ?.trape/ius

B ?.sternocleidomastoideus

C?.latissimus dorsiD ?.rhomboideus minor

E?.scalenus anterior


25/28

125

A patient complains of di//iness and hearing loss. *hat nere is damaged"

A 8estibulocochlear

B $rigeminus

Cublingual

D 8agus

E$rochlear

126

*hile palpating mammary gland of a patient a doctor reealed an induration in form of a node

in the inferior medial Buadrant. ?etastases may etend to the following lymph nodes=

A ;arasternal

B ;osterior mediastinal

C;rofound lateral cerical

D +ronchopulmonary

Euperior diaphragmal

127

A patient got a trauma that caused dysfunction of motor centres regulating actiity of head

muscles. !n what parts of cerebral corte is the respectie centre normally locali/ed"

A !nferior part of precentral gyrus

B uperior part of precentral gyrus

Cupramarginal gyrus

D uperior parietal lobule

EAngular gyrus

128

#amination of a -month-old child reealed a delay in closure of the occipital fontanelle.

*hen should it normally close"

A ntil % months

B +efore the child is born

Cntil months

D ntil the end of the first year of life

Entil the end of the second year of life

129

A patient was diagnosed with paralysis of facial and masticatory muscles. $he haematoma is

inside the genu of internal capsule. *hat conduction tract is damaged"

A $r. cortico-nuclearis

B $r. cortico-spinalis

C$r. cortico-thalamicus

D $r. cortico-fronto-pontinus

E$r. cortico-temporo-parieto-occipito-pontinus

130

A patient has lost skin sensitiity in the region of the medial surface of his shoulder. $his isthe result of dysfunction of the following nere=

A ?edial brachial cutaneous nere

B ?edial antebrachial cutaneous nere

C7adial nere


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D lnar nere

EAillary nere

131

A foreign body 9a button: closed space of the right superior lobar bronchus. *hat segments of

the right lung wont be supplied with air"

AApical, posterior, anterior

B uperior and inferior lingularCApical and posterior basal

D Apical and median basal

E?edial and lateral

132

A patient was diagnosed with bartholinitis 9inflammation of greater uloaginal glands:. !n

which organ of urogenital system are these glands locali/ed"

A 3arge lips of pudendum

B mall lips of pudendum

C'litoris

D 8agina

Eterus

133

*hile performing an inguinal canal operation on account of hernia a surgeon damaged the

canals contents. *hat eactly was damaged"

A 2uniculus spermaticus

B rarchus

C3ig. teres uteriD 3ig. inguinalP

E-

134

ltrasonic eamination of a patient reealed aneurism in the area of aortic arch that caused

alteration of ocal function of laryn. *hat nere was constricted"

A 7ecurrent laryngeal

B 4iaphragmatic

Cuperior laryngeal

D ?andibular

Eublingual

135

urgical approach to the thyroid gland from the transerse 9collar: approach inoles opening

of interaponeurotic suprasternal space. *hat anatomic structure locali/ed in this space is

dangerous to be damaged"

A ugular enous arch

B #ternal ugular ein

Cubclaicular einD !nferior thyroid arthery

Euperior thyroid arthery


27/28

136

!n course of a small pelis operation it became necessary to ligate an oarian artery. *hat

formation may be accidentally ligated together with it"

A reter

B terine tube

C7ound ligament of uterus

D !nternal iliac ein

Erethra

137

An inured person was deliered to the hospital with a penetrating wound in the left lateral

region of abdomen. *hat part of the large intestine is most likely damaged"

A 'olon descendens

B 'olon ascendens

C'olon transerses

D 'aecum

E7ectum

138

After a road accident a drier was deliered to the hospital with an inury of the medial

epicondyle of humerus. *hat nere might be damaged in this case"

A n. lnaris

B n. radialis

Cn. aillaris

D n. muscolocutaneus

En. medianus

139

A patient with a knife wound in the left lumbal part was deliered to the emergency hospital. !n

course of operation a surgeon found that internal organs were not damaged but the knife

inured one of muscles of renal pelis. *hat muscle is it"

A Greater psoas muscle

B !liac muscle

C#rector muscle of spine

D Abdominal internal obliBue muscle

EAbdominal eternal obliBue muscle

140

A 5 year old patient was eamined by a medical board. #amination reealed pathology of

chest. $ranserse dimensions were to small and the sternum was strongly protruding. *hat

chest type is it"

A eeled chest

B 2unnel chest

C2lat chest

D 'ylindrical chest

E+arrel chest

141

A man with a stab wound in the area of Buadrilateral foramen applied to a doctor. #amination

reealed that the patient was unable to draw his arm aside from his body. *hat nere is most


28/28

probably damaged"

A F.aillaris

B F.medianus

C F.radialis

D F.ulnaris

EF.subclaius

142

+rain tomography reealed a tumour in the region of red nucleus. *hat part of brain

isdamaged"

A ?idbrain

B ?edulla oblongata

C'erebellum

D !nterbrain

E;ons cerebelli

normal anatomy (1).rtf

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