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Slide 2 Northern Factories Swift Rivers=Ideal location for water powered factories Access to resources (coal, lumber, etc) allow for mass production of products Industrial Revolution provides interchangeable parts and machines allowing for larger and more productive factories Slide 3 Northern Transportation Erie Canal connected Great Lakes to Hudson River (big success) North had 5,000 miles of track by 1850 compared to 2,000 miles in the south Canals and railroads allowed northern businesses to grow and move products west. Slide 4 Northern Cities Increase in factories led to expansion of Northern Cities Ex. NY population 1800= 60,000 Vs 1850=515,000 Many northern left farms for jobs in factories leading to overcrowding Large migration of European immigrants to northern cities and the west increased size and decreased living conditions. Slide 5 Slide 6 Slide 7 Southern Agriculture Slow-moving rivers=ideal for transportation, terrible for factories Warm climate and rich soil made south ideal for various crops (Tobacco, Rice, Cotton) Focus on agriculture leads to slower growing cities and less need for railroads. Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 The South & King Cotton Cotton gin led to mass production of cotton in the south Cotton Belt-an area from South Carolina to east Texas Became worlds number one consumer commodity (item produced to satisfy wants and needs) Made the south into a global trade power Northern factories and foreign countries depended on southern cotton Slide 11 Slide 12 Southern Society Only 1/3 of white southerners owned slaves Yeomen- A white southern who owned a small farm had to work in the fields, possibly had slaves Made up a large portion of the southern population Most were uneducated since the south did not provide organized schooling like the north Slide 13 Slide 14 Southern Planters Made up a very small portion of the southern population (less than 10%) Controlled very profitable plantations with 20 slaves or more Controlled both the economic and political power of the south (aristocracy) Educated their children in private or northern schools Controlled both the growth of cotton and the slave trade