northern transatlantic economy and society 1815-1914
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Northern Transatlantic Economy and Society 1815-1914. 25.0 | As stated. 19 th Century Urban Population. Factory workers and urbanization Proletarianization = wage economy; no control over means of production USA argued slave labor negated wage repression Women - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Northern Transatlantic Economy and
Society 1815-191425.0 | As stated
19th Century Urban Population
Factory workers and urbanization Proletarianization = wage economy; no control over means of
production USA argued slave labor negated wage repression Women
High demand in domestic industries Worked on top of domestic “duties”
Suffrage movement [early 20th century] Political feminism as byproduct of social efficacy
European Urbanization
1850 1880 1914Berlin 419,000 1,122,000 2,071,000Birmingham 233,000 437,000 840,000Frankfurt 65,000 137,000 415,000London 2,685,000 4,470,000 7,256,000Madrid 281,000 398,000 600,000Paris 1,053,000 2,269,000 2,888,000Vienna 444,000 1,104,000 2,031,000
c. 494%
c. 457% c. 638%
New Political/Social Ideologies
Marxist critique of capitalism 1848 Karl Marx: Bourgeoisie exploitation of labor Capitalism hurts more than it helps Communism: society controls the means of production, not businesses
German Social Democrats 1875 Opposed Bismarck’s militaristic state Wilhelm I’s administration passes state-sponsored health care,
insurance, and disability aid to wean SPD’s influence British Labour Party
Fabianism [c. 1884] and gradual social change in society [Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus]
Russian Bolshevism
The Romanov Dynasty Abolition of serfdom 1861
Communism and Vladimir Lenin [f. 1903] Bolsheviks – “majority” [radical socialists] Mensheviks – “minority” [moderate socialists]
Russo-Japanese War 1904-5 Embarrassing loss
1905 Revolution [St. Petersburg] The Duma [bicameral]
Issues with corruption Rasputin and the Tsar
Uhh?
North American Industrialism
Follows European pattern around 1870 Little prejudice against trade and commerce as in Europe New industrial elites rise and become political Shortage of labor meant wages were high[er]
Immigration America as “promise land” for good wages and cheap land
Unions emerged as in Europe, although these were segregated Aggressive demands [Pullman Strike 1894 Chicago and Fed troops] Unlike Europe, no legislation was passed [HC, insurance, et cetera]
Progressives v. Political Machines Reform and regulation
Modern European Thought
Charles Darwin The Origin of Species 1859 and Natural Selection Social “Darwinism”
Physics X-rays, radiation, atoms, electrons, et cetera All became the focal point of the science
Morality [c. 1870] Social upheaval changed perspective Friedrich Nietzsche: Christianity and democracy promote mediocrity
Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud [f. 1897]: sexuality as primal human instinct/drive
Islam
Europeans viewed Islam as incapable of science and new ideas Jamal al-din Al-Afghani (1839-1897)
Theory on “600 year-younger” Islam Islam divided on “Westernization”
Ottoman decline seen as sign of religious error
What happened?