nota sectorial holanda y bÉlgica embutidos, tapas y platos preparados

5/12/2018 NOTA SECTORIAL HOLANDA Y B LGICA EMBUTIDOS, TAPAS Y PLATOS PREPARADOS - slidepdf.com

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HTIEW DA@ACQR ‗ HTHNE WVTC

Hza`qa maw Ht}w 84# d}a 7D ‗ 8486 Dtqwwacw

DacilqnAnhlc? htiewdaàcqrFhtiewge`wqc}lì.à}

yyy.htiewge`wqc}lì.à}

8

@E]H WAG]ETLHC?

NATGHMEW MA ANDQ]LMEW# ]HVHW \ VCH]EW VTAVHTHMEW A@

DÌCILGH \ BECH@MH

< MA A@ATE MA 4684

Mltag}et Ejlgl`h ma Htiew Ge`wqc}lì a` Daàcqr? Wt. M. A`tlxqa Xqlt÷w

Hggeq`} Nh`hiat? Wt. M. Oawwa Iaaclwwa`







4

Î@MLGA

8 GE@GCQWLE@AW 7 4 ARVATLA@GLH MA HTIEW DÌCILGH# BECH@MH \ CQRANDQTIE A@ CEW WQDWAG]ETAWAW]QMLHMEW = 7 ANDQ]LMEW AWVHØECAW \ VTEMQG]EW LDATLGEW 1

78 Za`}hohw ma cew natghmew mac Daàcqr 1 74 Ge`wqne 1 77 Ge`wqnlmet edoa}lze : 7= Gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷` : 71 Vtawa`}hgl÷` | jetnh}e 9 7: Naoetaw jetnhw ma genatglhclht cew vtemqg}ew gèt`lgew 9

= ]HVHW < =8 Za`}hohw ma cew natghmew mac Daàcqr < =4 Ge`wqne < =7 Gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷` < == Vtawa`}hgl÷` | jetnh}e 86

1 VCH]EW VTAVHTHMEW 88 18 Za`}hohw ma cew natghmew mac Daàcqr 88 14 Ge`wqne 88 17 Gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷` 84 1= Vtawa`}hgl÷` | jetnh}e 84

: H@ARE VATJLCAW MA CEW NATGHMEW MAC DA@ACQR 8= :8 Dìcilgh 81 :4 Cew Vhîwaw Dhoew "Bech`mh, 82







7

8. GE@GCQWLE@AW

Gene ge`gcqwleàw nèw lnvet}h`}aw mac vtawa`}a l`jetna vemanew maw}hght chw wliqla`}aw?

Natghmew ma nq| hc}e vemat hmxqlwl}lze# }th`wvhta`}aw# ge` dqaèw gh`hcaw ma

mlw}tldqgl÷` | me`ma wa zhceth` hwvag}ew ghmh za nèw vtawa`}aw a` chw arvet}hgleàw

awvhøechw gene ch ghclmhm# ch l`èzhgl÷` e ac tawva}e hc namle hndla`}a

Gatgh`îh# hqwa`glh ma edw}ègqcew# vat}aà`glh h e`h aqte# jhglclmhm ma lmlenh | tamqglme

gew}a ma vtewvaggl÷`# natghmew nèw jèglcna`}a hggawldca vhth chw v|naw awvhøechw xqae}tew nèw l`}atza`lmew# caohèw e vte}ailmew

A` 4686 Awvhøh arvet}÷ h Dìcilgh q`h namlh ma =26 ₣ vet bhdl}h`}a# }atgat cqiht

nq`mlhc gene vhîw tagav}et vet zecqna` ma arvet}hgleàw awvhøechw vat gèvl}h

Dìcilgh aw ac wegle genq`l}htle xqa nèw bh l`gtana`}hme ac zecqna` ma

lnvet}hgleàw awvhøechw a` ch ÿc}lnh mìghmh# q` 77! mawma ac 4668# | ac }atgat vhîw h

`lzac nq`mlhc# vet ma}tèw ma ]qtxqîh | Nhttqagew# waiÿ` ac nlwne l`mlghmet ma

arvet}hgleàw vat gèvl}h Dìcilgh? }hwhw ma gtaglnla`}e mac VLD nq| wqvatletaw h ch namlh aqtevah ge`zlt}lì`mece

a` q` natghme nq| h}thg}lze | ma hc}e ve}a`glhc vhth cew arvet}hmetaw awvhøecaw

Dqa`h hgav}hgl÷` ma cew vtemqg}ew ma hclna`}hgl÷` awvhøecaw

Gegl`h awvhøech ma nemh a` Dìcilgh | Bech`mh

Vtamenl`h`}a mlw}tldqgl÷` vet namle ma lnvet}hmetaw mlw}tldqlmetaw

Vewldlclmhmaw vhth cew andq}lmew awvhøecaw ma hc}h ihnh# gene we` cew ldìtlgew

Vewldlclmhmaw vhth vtemqg}ew hÿ` è nq| l`}temqglmew# gene aw ac ghwe ma ch gagl`h

Geèglnla`}e ma cew andq}lmew ldìtlgew vet cew ge`wqnlmetaw ieqtna}

L`gtana`}e }h`}e a` zecqna` gene a` zhtlamhm# ma ch vtawa`glh ma andq}lmew awvhøecaw

A` cew wqvatnatghmew vtamenl`le ma andq}lmew vta.get}hmew | vta.andhchmew# a`ce`gbhw jl`hw | wl` ithwh# a` dhtxqa}hw ma a`}ta 26 | 816 ithnew

Ìrl}e | geèglnla`}e mac ge`gav}e ma –}hvhw„# }h`}e a` wqvatnatghmew gene a` dhtaw ma

}hvhw







=

Wqt}lmew ma }hvhw a` wqvatnatghmew# jetnh}ew a`}ta 466 | 766 ithnew

Nqc}lvclghgl÷` ma cew dhtaw ma }hvhw arlw}a`}aw J÷tnqch h ch nemh a` awvaglhc a`Bech`mh

Ìrl}e ma cew vch}ew vtavhthmew madlme hc a`zaoaglnla`}e ma ch vedchgl÷` | hc hc}e `ÿnatema beihtaw q`l e dlvatwe`hcaw arlw}a`}aw

Vch}ew vtavhthmew a` wqvatnatghmew# jetnh}ew a`}ta 716 | =16 ithnew

4. ARVATLA@GLH MA HTIEW DÌCILGH# BECH@MH \ CQRANDQTIE A@ CEW

WQDWAG]ETAW AW]QMLHMEW

@qaw}th ejlgl`h vewaa q`h chtih arvatla`glh a` ac wag}et ma ch hclna`}hgl÷` A` ajag}e# aw}h

ejlgl`h ccazh aw}hdcaglmh a` Dtqwachw mawma ac høe 8<<= | }thdhoh`me a` ch l`}temqggl÷` ma

anvtawhw | vtemqg}ew awvhøecaw a` cew natghmew ma Dìcilgh# Bech`mh | Cqrandqtie A`

awvaglhc banew l`}temqglme mega`hw ma anvtawhw ma hitehclna`}htle vtl`glvhcna`}a ma chw

taileàw ma Nqtglh# Hw}qtlhw# Ch Tleoh# @hzhtth# Ar}tanhmqth# Ihclglh# Ghw}lcch | Ca÷`# Ghw}lcch

Ch Nh`gbh# a}g ]hndlì` wenew ch Macaihgl÷` ma jatlhw awvhøechw ma hclna`}hgl÷` vhth ac

Daàcqr Gene vemanew edwatzht# hxqìcchw we` taileàw me`ma ac wag}et hitehclna`}htle }laà

q`h hnvclh vtawa`glh? jtq}hw | bet}hclhw jtawghw | a` ge`watzh# a`gqt}lmew# vch}ew vtavhthmew#

}h`}e a` ge`watzhw gene geìachmew# andq}lmew# xqawew# hgal}aw# jtq}ew wagew# awvaglhw# whcwhw#

ghtàw | ge`watzhw gèt`lghw# vawghmew | ge`watzhw ma vawghmew# zlèw# a}g A` ge`wagqa`glh#

whdanew g÷ne a`ge`}tht cew gcla`}aw vhth chw anvtawhw awvhøechw# }aànew ge`}hg}ew ma vtlnath

nhè ge` accew | geèganew gqècaw we` cew nèw hmagqhmew | ma ve}a`glhc l`}atìw vhth ghmh qè

ma cew vtemqg}ew ma hclna`}hgl÷` xqa vqamh` za`lt ma `qaw}te vhîw

Htiew Daàcqr aw ch ge`wqc}eth ge` nèw arvatla`glh | taèndta aw}hdcaglmh a` Dìcilgh# Bech`mh

| Cqrandqtie | awvaglhclhmh a` ch l`}temqggl÷` ma anvtawhw awvhøechw ma hclna`}hgl÷` a`

`qaw}tew natghmew Wenew# a` majl`l}lzh# ac naoet l`w}tqna`}e hc watzlgle ma ch anvtawh awvhøech

a` cew natghmew ma Dìcilgh# Bech`mh | Cqrandqtie







1

7. ANDQ]LMEW AWVHØECAW \ VTEMQG]EW LDATLGEW

7.8. Za`}hohw ma cew natghmew mac Daàcqr

A` Dìcilgh arlw}a q`h ith` }thmlgl÷` gèt`lgh @e bh| vtemqggl÷` ceghc ma ohn÷` watthè e

ldìtlge# vate ac wag}et gbhtgq}ate dacih aw lnvet}h`}a | geèglme vet wq vtemqggl÷` ma

ohneàw gqthmew | hbqnhmew# vhca}hw geglmhw# vh`ga}h whchme | hbqnhme# whchnlw# jlca}aw

ma ghdhcce | }hndlì` awvaglhclmhmaw gene ac Jlca} m“H`zatw "ghtà zhgq`h hbqnhmh xqa

wa ge`wlmath q`h maclgh}awa` hcie genvhthdca h ch gagl`h awvhøech ch gqhc hÿ` è aw}ènq| vtawa`}a a` ac natghme vate h ch xqa zanew ge` nqgbhw vewldlclmhmaw, | ac Jlca} ma

Whra "achdethme ge` cene ma gatme# whchme | hbqnhme# | vege ithwla`}e,

Hq`xqa arlw}a q` argama`}a ma vtemqggl÷` a` Dìcilgh ac wag}et aw}è nq| etla`}hme h ch

arvet}hgl÷` vet ce xqa arlw}a` evet}q`lmhmaw vhth ch anvtawh awvhøech wedta }eme a` cew

vtemqg}ew ma hc}h ihnh gene aw ac ghwe ma cew vtemqg}ew ldìtlgew

Cew vtemqg}ew hitehclna`}htlew awvhøecaw }laà` q`h dqa`h hgav}hgl÷` a` cew natghmew

mac Daàcqr# vtqadh ma acce aw ac ìrl}e mac ge`gav}e –}hvhw„ a`}ta cew ge`wqnlmetaw

@e}hnew q` l`gtana`}e a` ch vtawa`glh ma vtemqg}ew awvhøecaw# }h`}e a` gqh`}e h

zecqna` gene h zhtlamhmaw? ohn÷` watthè# gbetle# cene…

Awvhøh aw ac gqht}e vtezaamet ma vtemqg}ew gèt`lgew whchmew# wagew | hbqnhmew }thw

L}hclh# Jth`glh | Hcanh`lh A` Bech`mh bh| naèw vtawa`glh# me`ma Awvhøh egqvh ch

wìv}lnh vewlgl÷`

7.4. Ge`wqne

A` Zhce`lh aw}è nèw ar}a`mlme ac ge`wqne ma gbhtgq}atîh xqa a` Dtqwachw e a` Jch`maw

@e edw}h`}a vemtîh arlw}lt q`h nh|et vtajata`glh a` Zhce`lh vet ac ge`wqne ma

whcheàw# whchnlw | whcgblgbhw ce xqa wa }thmqgltîh a` nh|et vtamlcaggl÷` vet ac ohn÷`

awvhøec

A` Dtqwachw we` awvaglhcna`}a wli`ljlgh}lzhw chw }hwhw ma ge`wqne nèw tamqglmhw xqa a`

ac taw}e mac vhîw @e edw}h`}a aw}e aw q` ja`÷naè xqa wa tavl}a a` ch nh|et vht}a ma cew

vtemqg}ew hclna`}htlew hwî gene a` cew mh}ew icedhcaw ma ihw}e a` hclna`}hgl÷`







:

Bech`mh }laà gew}qndtaw vtevlhw a` gqh`}e hc ge`wqne ma gbhtgq}atîh; cew vtemqg}ew

gèt`lgew nèw za`mlmew waiÿ` q`h a`gqaw}h tahclhmh a` ac 4661 we`? andq}lme ma bîihme#e}tew andq}lmew geglmew# wedthwhmh | ohn÷` |etk

7.7. Ge`wqnlmet edoa}lze

Ac ge`wqne ma gbhtgq}atîh aw dhw}h`}a nèw vevqcht a`}ta chw jhnlclhw xqa a`}ta cew

beihtaw q`lvatwe`hcaw Hmanèw wa ge`w}h}h q` nh|et ge`wqne ma gbhtgq}atîh a`}ta chw

gchwaw weglhcaw nèw acazhmhw | }hndlì` a` chw jhnlclhw ge` bloew |h nh|etaw

A` gqh`}e h cew vtemqg}ew ldìtlgew# we` cew ge`wqnlmetaw ieqtna} cew xqa cew hvtaglh` |

manh`mh` Aw}ew ge`wqnlmetaw# iaàthcna`}a ge` hjl`lmhm vet Awvhøh# geèga` ch

argcqwlzlmhm | ch ghclmhm mac ohn÷` ldìtlge

Wl ac vtemqg}e aw nq| ì}`lge# gene vqama` wat ac gbetle h ch wlmth | ch netglcch# madatîh

lt mltlilme hc natghme awvhøec Bh| q`h lnvet}h`}a vedchgl÷` awvhøech a` ac Daàcqr# |

vht}lgqchtna`}a a` Dìcilgh

7.=. Gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷`

A` iaàthc# ch genvth ma andq}lmew awvhøecaw wa tahclh nh|etl}htlhna`}a a` cew

wqvatnatghmew "hvterlnhmhna`}a <6! ma cew andq}lmew wa za`ma a` ìw}ew,# vate a` cew

nèw gatghèw hc menlglcle e hc }thdhoe

Ch vtawa`glh ma vtemqg}ew ldìtlgew a` chw ith`maw ghma`hw ma mlw}tldqgl÷` hclna`}htlh aw

nèw tamqglmh hc }th}htwa ma q` vtemqg}e xqa wa genatglhclh awvaglhcna`}a vet ac gh`hc ma

}la`mhw maclgh}awa` | gh`hc Betagh# taw}hqthgl÷` | anvtawhw ma gh}atlì A` cew

wqvatnatghmew wa a`gqa`}th nèw dla` vtemqg}ew ma naèt ghclmhm gene ac ohn÷` watthè

| ac gbetle

Hmanèw arlw}a q`h awvaglhclhgl÷` ma aw}hdcaglnla`}ew nlètlw}hw# gene we` chw }la`mhw

ma vtemqg}ew awvhøecaw# xqa wa mamlgh` a` argcqwlzh h vtemqg}ew etlil`htlew ma Awvhøh







9

7.1. Vtawa`}hgl÷` | jetnh}e

Wa vqama edwatzht q`h }a`ma`glh gchth bhgîh ch gbhtgq}atîh vta.andhchmh hc zhgîe# | a`

ce`gbhw; a` ac 4662 cew àatch`mawaw ihw}hte` 842 nlcceàw ma aqtew a` gbhtgq}atîh vta.

andhchmh ge`}th 84 nlcceàw hc get}a Aw}h azecqgl÷` wa arvclgh vet ac ghndle ma chw

vtajata`glhw mac ge`wqnlmet a` ch jhglclmhm ma qwe# whdet | zhtlhgl÷`# | ac ghndle mac

cqiht ma genvth ma chw ght`lgatîhw h jhzet ma cew wqvatnatghmew Ac ge`wqnlmet vtajlata

cew vtemqg}ew ma gbhtgq}atîh a`zhwhmew vhth wat ge`wqnlmew a` hq}ewatzlgle vet ce xqa

bhdtîh xqa vtlnht aw}ew a`zhwaw ge` tawvag}e h ch }thmlgle`hc za`}h hc get}a a`gbhtgq}atîhw

A` chw ith`maw wqvatjlglaw lnvath ac vta.get}hme | vta.andhchme hc zhgîe a` dhtxqa}hw ma

q` vawe a`}ta cew 26 | 816 ithnew

Hc ge`wqnlmet àatch`mìw ca mawhithmh ch zlwl÷` ma ithwh a` cew andq}lmew# | bh| xqa

za`mat ac vtemqg}e a` ce`gbhw nq| jl`hw# aw jq`mhna`}hc

Cew vtemqg}ew jth`gawaw a l}hclhèw }la`ma` h mljata`glhtwa a` nh|et namlmh xqa cew

awvhøecaw Bh| xqa va`wht nèw a` ac qwe ma a`zhwaw nèw cchnh}lzew# a` cew xqa wa vtlnh

ac mlwaøe# a`zhwaw gltgqchtaw a` jetnh ma dh`maohw vhth watzlt mltag}hna`}a a` g÷g}acaw# ch

q}lclhgl÷` ma dh`mathw | e}tew wlièw lma`}ljlgh}lzew mac vhîw vhth tahjltnht ch

vtegama`glh mac vtemqg}ea}g

7.:. Naoetaw jetnhw ma genatglhclht cew vtemqg}ew gèt`lgew

Ch hweglhgl÷` mac ohn÷` watthè a ldìtlge ge` chw }hvhw aw q`h dqa`h namlmh vhth ccaiht h

ch na`}a mac ge`wqnlmet gene q` vtemqg}e ma ghclmhm | ma maiqw}hgl÷` eghwle`hc

Ghnvhøhw ma l`jetnhgl÷` vhth na`}hclht hc ge`wqnlmet wedta ch `hgle`hclmhm ma cew

vtemqg}ew gèt`lgew awvhøecaw# }h`}e cew xqa |h we` geèglmew hxqî "ac ohn÷` gqthme# ac

gbetle#…,# gene cew xqa }emhzîh è }laà` }h`}e vtawa`glh a` ac natghme "gagl`h# cene#

whcgblgb÷`#, A` vht}lgqcht zanew vewldlclmhmaw vhth ch gagl`h hc wat wh`h# ghta`}a ma

ithwh | genvhthdca# whczh`me chw mlw}h`glhw# hc Jlca} m“H`zatw







2

Namlh`}a ghnvhøhw a` taw}hqth`}aw a l`gcqwle`aw a` taga}htlew ma wqvatnatghmew |

tazlw}hw ma hclna`}hgl÷` wa h|qmhtîh h ve}a`glht chw vewldlclmhmaw ma gendl`hgl÷` ma cewandq}lmew

A` }eme ghwe# ge` ghtèg}at vtazle# ac vq`}e ma vht}lmh vhwh vet ch ceghclhgl÷` ma q`

lnvet}hmet ‗ mlw}tldqlmet hmagqhme xqa tavtawa`}a cew vtemqg}ew awvhøecaw







<

=. ]HVHW

=.8. Za`}hohw ma cew natghmew mac Daàcqr

Awvhøh aw ac waiq`me maw}lè }qtîw}lge nèw vevqcht }h`}e vhth cew àatch`mawaw gene vhth

cew dacihw Vet ce }h`}e ch gqc}qth awvhøech aw nq| geèglmh vet aw}hw vht}aw# | ac

ge`gav}e ma chw }hvhw }hndlì` Mqth`}a ac taw}e mac høe# h cew dacihw | cew àatch`mawaw

caw iqw}h –tazlzlt„ cew dqaèw th}ew zhghgle`hcaw ge` ac ge`wqne ma cew vtemqg}ew }îvlgew

awvhøecaw xqa geèglate` mqth`}a wqw zhghgleàw? ghzh# ohn÷`# }hvhw# a}g… ac natghmeè wa bh xqamhme h}tèw h`}a aw}h `qazh }a`ma`glh; cew wqvatnatghmew bh` l`getvethme a`

wq ejat}h wqt}lmew ma }hvhw vta.andhchmew a` dh`maoh# | |h aw gettla`}a zat taw}hqth`}aw ma

}hvhw awvhøecaw a` gqhcxqlat glqmhm dacih e àatch`mawh L`gcqwe bh| zhtlew jhdtlgh`}aw

ceghcaw ma vtemqg}ew gèt`lgew | hzîgechw xqa bh` gtahme zatwleàw ma wqw vtemqg}ew a`

jetnh}e ma }hvhw e l`gcqwe we` vtemqg}etaw ma –}hvhw awvhøechw„

=.4. Ge`wqne

Waiÿ` q` aw}qmle tahclhme vet Macbhla# ch ghma`h ma wqvatnatghmew vtl`glvhc a`

Dìcilgh# ac 74 ! ma cew 46666 gcla`}aw a`gqaw}hmew dqwgh` èzamhmaw gqcl`htlhw#

awvaglhclmhmaw | vch}ew mac nq`me Ithglhw h aw}h }a`ma`glh ac ge`gav}e mac hvatl}lze

}thmlgle`hc a` ghwh ma vlght hcie h`}aw ma ch ga`h bh azecqgle`hme | wa bh zlw}e ch

l`}temqggl÷` ithmqhc ma chw }hvhw a` cew beihtaw dacihw

=.7. Gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷`

Cew wqvatnatghmew ejtaga` ghmh mîh nèw vtemqg}ew naml}attèàew a` jetnh}e ma }hvhw

Macbhla mlga bhdat tawve`mlme h ch azecqgl÷` ma ge`wqne ma wqw gcla`}aw ge` ch

l`gcqwl÷` a` wq ejat}h chw awvaglhw naml}attèàhw àgawhtlhw vhth cew gcla`}aw xqa xqlata`

vtavhtht accew nlwnew chw }hvhw# | vch}ew vtavhthmew ma }hvhw clw}ew vhth ge`wqnlt

Nla`}thw xqa a` cew beihtaw chw }hvhw wa ge`wqna` gene hvatl}lze# a` cew taw}hqth`}aw

chw }hvhw wa wltza gene vch}e genvca}e Ch gegl`h awvhøech aw}è nq| ma nemh a` ac







86

Daàcqr# | vet ge`wagqa`glh wa bh` hdlat}e nqgbew taw}hqth`}aw | dhtaw ma }hvhw a` cew

ÿc}lnew høew Ma nena`}e wa }th}h vtl`glvhcna`}a ma dhtaw l`mava`mla`}aw# ac ge`gav}ema ghma`hw | jth`xqlglhw è wa bh zlw}e }emhzîh nq| l`}temqglme Ch jth`xqlglh awvhøech

]hvae DG@ hdtltè a` dtaza wq vtlnat vq`}e a` Bech`mh "Ènw}atmhn,# ac ge`gav}e dacih

Dht æ ]hvhw |h gqa`}h ge` mew dhtaw a` Dtqwachw ma nena`}e# | ch jetnqch ma vl`gbew

zhwgew GeneGene }laà mew taw}hqth`}aw# qè a` Dtqwachw | e}te a` Hndataw H neme

ma aoanvce# cew vtaglew vhth q`h namlh.thgl÷` a` ac dht dtqwaca`wa ]hvhw | Nèw zh` ma

7#16₣ "hgal}q`hw# whcgblgb÷`# ohn÷` watthè# vh}h}hw dthzhw#…, bhw}h =#16₣ "anvh`hmhw#

ca`}aohw# ohn÷` ge` nac÷` ma Ghzhlcce`#…,

=.=. Vtawa`}hgl÷` | jetnh}e

Cew vtemqg}ew xqa zh` mltlilmew h ch ith` mlw}tldqgl÷` }laà` xqa lt vta.andhchmew# a` dh`maoh#

vtajatldcana`}a ge`}a`la`me q` wqt}lme ma mljata`}aw vtemqg}ew genvcana`}htlew

Cew wqt}lmew ma }hvhw xqa wa za`ma` a` cew wqvatnatghmew wqaca` }aàt q` vawe ma a`}ta 466 |

766 ithnew







88

1. VCH]EW VTAVHTHMEW

1.8. Za`}hohw ma cew natghmew mac Daàcqr

Bh| zhtlhw azecqgleàw maneitèjlghw a` ac Daàcqr xqa jhzetaga` ac ge`wqne ma vch}ew

vtavhthmew Vtlnate# a` hndew vhîwaw ch vedchgl÷` aw}è a`zaoagla`me gene a` }emh Aqtevh Ch

ech ma –dhd|deenatw„ iaàthmh mawvqìw ma ch waiq`mh iqatth nq`mlhc |h aw}è ccaih`me h ch amhm

ma oqdlchgl÷` | h vht}lt ma 4681 ch ia`}a nh|et ma :1 jetnhtè ac itqve maneitèjlge nèw ith`ma

Vqaw}e xqa aw q` itqve ge` nqgbe vemat hmxqlwl}lze wa }th}h ma ge`wqnlmetaw edoa}lge ma ith`l`}atìw vhth cew vch}ew vtavhthmew Waiq`me# bh| nqgbh ia`}a wec}ath a` ac Daàcqr# e}te itqve

ve}a`glhcna`}a l`}atawh`}a A` ac 4686 w÷ce bqde =481< nh}tlne`lew a` Dìcilgh# xqa wli`ljlgh

q` magtaglnla`}e mac 7! genvhthme ge` ac høe h`}atlet Ac ithme ma mlzetglew a` genvhthgl÷`

ge` ac `ÿnate ma nh}tlne`lew a` Dìcilgh aw ac nèw hc}e ma Aqtevh A` ac 466< ch jhnlclh namlh

dacih aw}hdh genvqaw}h vet w÷ce 4#78 nlandtew

1.4. Ge`wqne

Waiÿ` q` aw}qmle ccazhme h ghde a` nh|e ma 4688# ac 8=! ma cew ge`wqnlmetaw àatch`mawaw

genvth vet ce naèw q`h za h ch wanh`h q` vch}e vtavhthme

Jtagqa`glh ma ge`wqne ma vch}ew vtavhthmew "! ma genvthmetaw vtlnhtlew

àatch`mawaw,

@q`gh 38 za%naw 4.7 zagaw%naw >38 za%naw







84

Azhcqhgl÷` ma vch}ew vtavhthmew vet cew genvthmetaw àatch`mawaw

1.7. Gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷`

Wqvatnatghmew? Ac wqvatnatghme aw wl` mqmh ch zîh nèw hvtevlhmh vhth cew vch}ew

vtavhthmew tajtliathmew | vch}ew vtavhthmew mawblmth}hmew | aw}atlclhmew "ge`watzhgl÷` h

}anvath}qth hndla`}a, ]emew cew wqvatnatghmew wqaca` }aàt }hndlì` q`h ejat}h ma

vch}ew vtavhthmew geìachmew Aw genvclghme ge`waiqlt za`matcaw h cew wqvatnatghmew a`

mltag}e# vet ce xqa vqama wat nèw jhg}ldca vhwht vet q` lnvet}hmet xqa |h gqa`}h ge`

hciqèw wqvatnatghmew a` wq ght}ath ma gcla`}aw Ghma`hw ma vtemqg}ew geìachmew? Wl cew vch}ew vtavhthmew vqama` wat genatglhclhmew

a` jetnh geìachmh# a`}e`gaw bh| xqa }aàt a` gqa`}h ch mlw}tldqgl÷` ma vtemqg}ew

geìachmew# gene vqama wat ch ghma`h dacih E“Geec

Lnvet}hmetaw awvhøecaw? vhth vch}ew vtavhthmew xqa we` nèw dla` –ì}`lgew„

Betagh? E}te gh`hc vewldca aw}è jetnhme vet cew nh|etlw}hw a lnvet}hmetaw xqa wltza` h

cew taw}hqth`}aw# be}acaw | anvtawhw ma gh}atlì# gene vet aoanvce ac nh|etlw}h LWVG

1.=. Vtawa`}hgl÷` | jetnh}e

Cew vch}ew vtavhthmew xqa wa za`ma` hxqî a` ac wqvatnatghme wqaca` wat ma q` }hnhøe

nh|et genvhthmew ge` cew a` Awvhøh# }h`}e a` gqh`}e hc ithnhoa "hxqî we` ma 716.=16 it

vet vatwe`h, gene hc jetnh}e "}laà xqa wat q`h dh`maoh ge` mew%}taw genvht}lna`}ew

vhth wavhtht cew itqvew? ghtà%vawghme# vh}h}hw | zatmqthw,







87

Cew dacihw | `aatch`mawaw aw}è` hgew}qndthmew h xqa cew vch}ew "vtavhthmew, ccaza`

nqgbh whcwh# awvaglhcna`}a a` genvhthgl÷` h ce xqa wa ccazh a` Awvhøh Vhth ac gh`hc Betagh cew vtemqg}ew zh` a` decwhw ma vcèw}lge# | a` jetnh}ew ma 4ki ‗

4#1ki Cqaie a` ch ght`lgatîh | ac wqvatnatghme ce arve`a` a` ac new}thmet# vet aoanvce

a` dh`maohw ith`maw ma gatènlgh







8=

:. H@ARE. VATJLCAW MA CEW NATGHMEW MAC DA@ACQR

Ac Daàcqr aw}è jetnhme vet cew wliqla`}aw vhîwaw? Dìcilgh# Bech`mh | Cqrandqtie# | vet wq

wl}qhgl÷` iaeitèjlgh a`}ta cew ith`maw natghmew ma Jth`glh# Hcanh`lh a Lìch}atth }laà q` zhcet

aw}th}ìilge vhth ch arvet}hgl÷` A` aw}h vaxqaøh e`h wa oq`}h` zhtlhw gqc}qthw# gew}qndtaw |

iqw}ew mljata`}aw# ce xqa bhga xqa ac Daàcqr wah ge`wlmathme gene q` dqa` natghme }aw} vhth

hzatliqht m÷`ma# g÷ne | ge` xqì vÿdclge cew vtemqg}ew vqama` a`ghoht naoet

A` cew }taw vhîwaw arlw}a q` vemat hmxqlwl}lze nq| hc}e | q`h manh`mh vatnhà`}a ma vtemqg}ew

hclna`}lglew ma ghclmhm# | gqc}qthcna`}a cew natghmew we` nq| hdlat}ew h tagldlt ejat}hw mawma ac

ar}thòate Aw}h hvat}qth wa tajcaoh }hndlì` a` ch l`jthaw}tqg}qth ceiîw}lgh xqa ejtaga ch e`h# vet

ch jhglclmhm a` chw genq`lghgleàw |h xqa wqw bhdl}h`}aw wqaca` bhdcht mljata`}aw lmlenhw

]a`la`me a` gqa`}h hmanèw ac bagbe ma xqa ch e`h }laà q`h vedchgl÷` nq| ma`wh "qèw 42

nlcceàw ma bhdl}h`}aw ge`ga`}thmew a` q`h e`h nèw vaxqaøh xqa ch ma Ghw}lcch.Ch Nh`gbh,#

awe caw ge`zlat}a a` qèw natghmew nq| l`}atawh`}aw# hq`xqa }hndlì` nq| arlia`}aw; }aàt q`h

dqa`h tachgl÷` ghclmhm%vtagle aw lnvtawgl`mldca vhth vemat a`}tht a` aw}ew natghmew Glat}e aw#

vet ch ith` ejat}h ma vtemqg}ew | ac hc}e ithme ma genva}a`glh a` aw}ew natghmew# xqa }hndlì`

bh| xqa wat tahclw}h a` gqh`}e h chw ve}a`glhcaw gh`}lmhmaw xqa wa vqama` za`mat hxqî

A` gqh`}e h ch mlw}tldqgl÷`# ch nhàth nèw gettla`}a vhth a`}tht hc natghme aw h }thzìw ma q`

lnvet}hmet# a` ac ghwe ma ch hclna`}hgl÷` ch jliqth mac hia`}a aw vtèg}lghna`}a làrlw}a`}a Hxqac

wa a`ghtih mac hcnhga`hoa mac vtemqg}e# | ac tlawie ma lnvhie ma cew gcla`}aw jl`hcaw getta

}e}hcna`}a h wq ghtie Tawvag}e hc a`zhwhme# ghda maw}hght xqa a` aw}h e`h wa hvtaglh q` mlwaøe

nèw dla` nematè# | ac a}lxqa}hoa }laà xqa lt a` mew lmlenhw# ac àatch`mìw | ac jth`gìw# vhth

xqa ac nlwne a`zhwa zhcih vhth cew }taw vhîwaw Bh| xqa na`gle`ht }hndlì` xqa q` mlw}tldqlmet

dacih wqaca vamlt argcqwlzlmhm vhth Dìcilgh "| Cqrandqtie,# | q` àatch`mìw vhth Bech`mh

H ge`}l`qhgl÷` wa mh` qèw mh}ew dèwlgew ma ch aw}tqg}qth age`÷nlgh ma Dìcilgh | Bech`mh







81

:.8.

Dìcilgh

Dìcilgh aw}è wl}qhmh a` ac eaw}a ma Aqtevh# cl`mhmh hc èt}a vet Bech`mh# hc aw}a vet Hcanh`lh |

Cqrandqtie | hc wqt | eaw}a vet Jth`glh Hq`xqa wq wqvatjlgla ma 741=1 kn4

"hvterlnhmhna`}a ch wqvatjlgla ma Ihclglh, ce bhih q` vaxqaøe vhîw# wq qdlghgl÷` ce bh bagbe ac

ga`}te àqtècilge age`÷nlge# qtdhè | vecî}lge ma Aqtevh

Nhvh ma Dìcilgh

Dìcilgh }laà q`h vedchgl÷` ma 86#91 nlcceàw ma bhdl}h`}aw Vewaa q`h ma chw ma`wlmhmaw mavedchgl÷` nèw acazhmhw ma Aqtevh? 7=< bhdl}h`}aw vet Kn´ | wq }hwh ma gtaglnla`}e ma

vedchgl÷` aw ma 6#84! Ge`w}h ma }taw mlzlwleàw hmnl`lw}th}lzhw? Tail÷` ma Dtqwachw "86=2=<8

bhdl}h`}aw,# Jch`maw ":8:8:66 bhd, | Zhce`lh "7=1:991 bhd, Hvterlnhmhna`}a# q` 19! ma

cew dacihw bhdch àatch`mìw# q` =4! jth`gìw | q` 8! hcanè`

A` 4662 gena`hte` h tajcaohtwa cew wlièw ma ch gtlwlw jl`h`glath l`}at`hgle`hc# etlil`hmh vet chw

blve}aghw | vtìw}hnew l`}atdh`ghtlew –dhwqth„ vtegama`}aw ma Aw}hmew Q`lmew Waiÿ` ac LGAR#







8:

acce bh bagbe xqa ac gtaglnla`}e ma ch ageènîh dacih è w÷ce wa bh|h aw}h`ghme# wlè xqa

magtaglath a` 466<

@e edw}h`}a# ac gtaglnla`}e mac VLD tahc ma Dìcilgh a` cew ÿc}lnew høew bh tajcaohme ch dqa`h

whcqm ma ch ageènîh dacih a` iaàthc L`gcqwe# wa zeczl÷ h gtagat q` 4#4! a` ac høe 4686

Ch mlw}tldqgl÷` wag}etlhc mac VLD aw# vet ètnhc iaàthc# ma ch wliqla`}a nhàth? ac wag}et

hitîgech tavtawa`}h ac 8! mac VLD ma Dìcilgh# ch l`mqw}tlh ac 4=! mac VLD# | jl`hcna`}a cew

watzlglew ac 91! taw}h`}a

A` gqh`}e h ch l`jchgl÷`# Dìcilgh "gene nlandte ma ch QA, bh vtawa`}hme a` cew ÿc}lnew høew

`lzacaw ma l`jchgl÷` gatghèw hc 4!# }hc | gene tagenla`mh ac Dh`ge Ga`}thc Aqtevae A`

ge`gta}e# ac î`mlga ma vtaglew hc ge`wqne htne`lhme bh new}thme gtaglnla`}ew a` Dìcilgh mac

8#1! a` 4667; 8#<! a` 466=; 4#1! a` 4661# | 4#7! a` 466: H vht}lt ma cew ÿc}lnew nawaw mac

høe 4669 ch l`gat}lmqndta age`÷nlgh l`}at`hgle`hc ble xqa wa mlwvhthth aw}a l`mlghmet#

hcgh`h`me zhcetaw namlew h`qhcaw ma bhw}h =#1! a` ac høe 4662 A` ch hg}qhclmhm# wa bh zqac}e h

`lzacaw ma l`jchgl÷` ma 466:# }thw ch tagqvathgl÷` age`÷nlgh xqa anva÷ a` 4686

L`mlghmetaw nhgteage`÷nlgew ma Dìcilgh

Mh}ew 466= 4661 466: 4669 4662 466< 4686

Zhtlhgl÷` mac

VLD tahc "!, 7#4 8#2 4#2 4#< 8#6 .4#< 4#4

]hwh ma

mawanvcae "!, 2#= 2#1 2#7 9#1 9#6 9#< 2#7

L`jchgl÷` 8#< 4#1 4#7 8#2 =#1 6#6 4#7

Mìjlgl} vÿdclge

"a` ! mac VLD, .6#7 .4#2 6#4 .6#7 .8#7 .1#< .=#8

VLD vat gèvl}h

a` VVH "aqtew, 41966 4:666 4::66 49866 49466 4:466 4::66

Jqa`}a? AQTEW]H]







89

]h`}e Dìcilgh gene Cqrandqtie we` natghmew ma nq| hc}e vemat hmxqlwl}lze# }th`wvhta`}aw#

ge` dqaèw gh`hcaw ma mlw}tldqgl÷` | me`ma wa zhceth` hwvag}ew ghmh za nèw vtawa`}aw a` chw

arvet}hgleàw awvhøechw gene ch ghclmhm# ch l`èzhgl÷` e ac tawva}e hc namle hndla`}a Hc

nlwne }lanve# vet wq gatgh`îh# hqwa`glh ma edw}ègqcew# vat}aà`glh h e`h aqte# tach}lzh

jhglclmhm ma lmlenh | tamqglme gew}a ma vtewvaggl÷`# we` natghmew jèglcna`}a hggawldcaw vhth chw

v|naw awvhøechw xqa e}tew nèw l`}atza`lmew# caohèw e vte}ailmew

Ac natghme dacih# ge` 88 nlcceàw ma ge`wqnlmetaw# wqveà a` ch hg}qhclmhm ac 4#2! mac }e}hc ma

ch arvet}hgl÷` awvhøech# wl}qè`mewa a` eg}hze cqiht gene vhîw tagav}et Ac ge`wqnlmet dacih

vewaa q` hc}e vemat hmxqlwl}lze A` 4686 Awvhøh arvet}÷ h Dìcilgh q`h namlh ma =26 aqtew vet

bhdl}h`}a# wl}qè`mewa a` ac }atgat cqiht gene vhîw tagav}et vet zecqna` ma arvet}hgleàw vat

gèvl}h Hmanèw# Dìcilgh aw ac wegle genq`l}htle xqa nèw bh l`gtana`}hme ac zecqna` ma

lnvet}hgleàw awvhøechw a` ch ÿc}lnh mìghmh# q` 77! mawma ac 4668# | ac }atgat vhîw h `lzac

nq`mlhc# vet ma}tèw ma ]qtxqîh | Nhttqagew# waiÿ` aw}a nlwne l`mlghmet Vet e}th vht}a# Dìcilgh

bh arvatlna`}hme }hwhw ma gtaglnla`}e mac VLD nq| wqvatletaw h ch namlh aqtevah

ge`zlt}lì`mece a` q` natghme nq| h}thg}lze | ma hc}e ve}a`glhc vhth cew arvet}hmetaw awvhøecaw

Vet wq vht}a# chw arvet}hgleàw mac wag}et hitehclna`}htle a` cew natghmew ma Dìcilgh |

Cqrandqtie wliqa` nh`}a`la`me q` lnvet}h`}a vawe a` ac }e}hc ma ch arvet}hgl÷` awvhøech h

aw}ew vhîwaw tavtawa`}h`me ac 4#:7! a` 4686 Hmanèw we` wag}etaw me`ma ac ajag}e ma

hg}lzlmhmaw vtenegle`hcaw aw}è mh`me tawqc}hmew vewl}lzew "l`gcqwe nq| vewl}lzew gene ch

azecqgl÷` ma chw arvet}hgleàw ma ghzh h Dìcilgh | Cqrandqtie chw gqhcaw wqveà` |h nèw mac

88! mac }e}hc ma arvet}hgleàw awvhøechw ma zlè, "Jqa`}a ma cew mh}ew na`gle`hmew a` aw}ew

mew ÿc}lnew vètthjew# Ejagenaw Dtqwachw# 4 mlglandta ma 4688,.







82

:.4. Cew Vhîwaw Dhoew "Bech`mh,

Ac Talè ma cew Vhîwaw Dhoew# geèglme gecexqlhc | è gettag}hna`}a gene Bech`mh }laà q`h

wqvatjlgla ma =8142 kn4# .vtèg}lghna`}a ch ma Ar}tanhmqth. ma cew xqa ac 12! aw wqvatjlgla

hithtlh# ac 82! e`hw hgqè}lghw# ac 88! wqvatjlgla jetaw}hc# tawatzhw `h}qthcaw | ètahw ma tagtae |

ac 2! e`hw ge`w}tqlmhw Aw}è wl}qhme a` Aqtevh egglma`}hc# clnl}h`me hc èt}a | hc eaw}a ge` ac

Nht mac @et}a# hc aw}a ge` Hcanh`lh | hc wqt ge` Dìcilgh

Nhvh ma cew Vhîwaw Dhoew

Bech`mh }laà q`h vedchgl÷` ma 8:712=18 bhdl}h`}aw Ch }hwh ma gtaglnla`}e ma vedchgl÷` aw

vtèg}lghna`}a `qch Ch vtl`glvhcaw glqmhmaw àatch`mawhw ge` wq vedchgl÷` gettawve`mla`}a we`

chw wliqla`}aw? Ènw}atmhn "9=7666 bhd,# T÷}atmhn "12<666 bhd, | Ch Bh|h "=9:666 bhd,







8<

Bech`mh aw qè ma cew vhîwaw nèw mawhttecchmew mac nq`me# vet ce xqa è wetvta`ma wq aw}tqg}qth

age`÷nlgh }îvlghna`}a }atglhtlhmh# ge` nèw mac 91! ma wq VLD vteza`la`}a mac wag}et watzlglew@e edw}h`}a# vtedhdcana`}a ch ghthg}atîw}lgh nèw tacazh`}a ma ch ageènîh mac vhîw wah wq ithme

ma hvat}qth genatglhc Bech`mh aw# vet argaca`glh# q` vhîw mamlghme hc genatgle e# a` e}thw

vhchdthw# q` vhîw mlw}tldqlmet "chw taarvet}hgleàw ma dlaàw | watzlglew# a` vht}lgqcht chw

vteza`la`}aw ma }atgatew vhîwaw ge` maw}lè ch Q`l÷` Aqtevah# wqveà` hctamamet mac =6! ma wqw

za`}hw hc ar}atlet, Wq }hwh ma hvat}qth hc ar}atlet wqvath bhdl}qhcna`}a ac 866!# nla`}thw xqa ac

wqvatèzl} vet gqa`}h gettla`}a te`mh ac 1! Wq vtl`glvhc wegle genatglhc aw ch zagl`h Hcanh`lh#

waiqlmh ma Dìcilgh# Aw}hmew Q`lmew | Talè Q`lme; a` cew ÿc}lnew høew# bh` gtaglme

awvag}hgqchtna`}a chw lnvet}hgleàw vtegama`}aw ma Tqwlh |# wedta }eme# ma Gbl`h

H ge`}l`qhgl÷` wa nqaw}th` mlzatwew l`mlghmetaw nhgteage`÷nlgew mac vhîw?

L`mlghmetaw nhgteage`÷nlgew ma cew Vhîwaw Dhoew

Mh}ew 466= 4661 466: 4669 4662 466< 4686

Zhtlhgl÷` mac

VLD tahc "!, 4#4 4#6 7#= 7#< 8#< .7#< 8#2

]hwh ma

mawanvcae "!, 1#8 1#7 =#= 7#: 7#8 7#9 =#1

L`jchgl÷` 8#= 8#1 8#9 8#: 4#4 8#6 6#<

Mìjlgl} vÿdclge

"a` ! mac VLD, .8#9 .6#7 6#1 6#4 6#: .1#1 .1#=

VLD vat gèvl}h

a` VVH

"aqtew, 4:<66 49=66 42466 4<766 4<966 42=66 42266

Jqa`}a? AQTEW]H]

Ac wag}et hitîgech# vet vaxqaøe# è maoh ma wat wli`ljlgh}lze vhth ac vhîw Cew ta`mlnla`}ew we`

acazhmew# | ch arvce}hgl÷` ma ch wqvatjlgla hitîgech nq| l`}a`wlzh# ge` hzh`hmhw }ìg`lghw ma

gqc}lze Vtamenl`h` chw arvce}hgleàw ma vaxqaøe }hnhøe# ge` q` mawhttecchme wlw}anh ma

gtìml}ew hithtlew Ghwl ac :6! ma ch vtemqggl÷` wa arvet}h# }h`}e mltag}hna`}a gene h }thzìw ma







46

ch l`mqw}tlh hclna`}lglh A` aw}a wa`}lme# maw}hgh` cew dqcdew# chw jcetaw# chw jtq}hw "Bech`mh aw ac

}atgat arvet}hmet nq`mlhc ma vtemqg}ew bet}ejtq}îgechw, | cew vtemqg}ew cèg}aew

Q` wqdwag}et tacazh`}a vhth ch ageènîh àatch`mawh ce ge`w}l}q|a ch aàtiîh# }h`}e vet ch

ar}thggl÷` ma va}t÷cae | ihw `h}qthc a` ac Nht mac @et}a# gene vet chw hg}lzlmhmaw ma tajlè

A`}ta chw vtl`glvhcaw l`mqw}tlhw maw}hgh` ch hclna`}htlh# ch va}texqînlgh# ch na}hcÿtilgh# ch

nhxql`htlh# ch acag}t÷`lgh# ch acìg}tlgh | ch ma axqlvew ma }th`wvet}a ]emew aw}ew wag}etaw

gqa`}h` ge` q`h jltna vtawa`glh ma nqc}l`hgle`hcaw àatch`mawhw evath`me a` cew natghmew

l`}at`hgle`hcaw

A` ac wag}et watzlglew maw}hgh`# vet q` chme# ac }th`wvet}a# | vet e}te# cew watzlglew genatglhcaw |

dh`ghtlew Tawvag}e hc vtlnate# Te}}atmhn aw qè ma cew nh|etaw vqat}ew mac nq`me# nla`}thw

xqa ac hatevqat}e ma Wgblvbec aw qè ma cew ma nèw }tèjlge ma Aqtevh A` ac l`}atlet mac vhîw }laà

cqiht q` l`}a`wîwlne }tèjlge jcqzlhc xqa geàg}h ac vhîw ge` Hcanh`lh | Jth`glh# nla`}thw xqa chw

l`jthaw}tqg}qthw ma jatteghttlc | }th`wvet}a vet ghtta}ath è wa bh` xqamhme tahihmhw

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