Notes

Safety in the Chemistry laboratory

A) Handling Chemicals

1) Hold bottles with hand over label2) Read labels 2-3 times – sodium nitrate and

sodium nitrite not same thing.3) When diluting concentrated chemicals, add

(ex. acid) to water down a stirring rod4) Know acid molarity; HCl = ~12 M (molar);

HNO3 = ~15 M; H2SO4 = ~18 M

5) Fume hood is used for substances that give off vapors

6) Volatile = easily evaporated (may be flammable)

Spills7) Ask teacher!8) Large general spills = use kitty litter9) Acid spills = corrosive (eats away)

neutralize with weak base (ex. baking soda, NaHCO3)

10)Base spill = caustic (burns and removes oils) neutralize with weak acid (vinegar, CH3COOH)

11)Wash cuts/burns with cool water to flush out chemicals

12)Wash hands before leaving lab.

13) Chemical labels

Blue = health risksYellow = reactivity (explode)0 = no risk1 = low risk2 = medium risk3 = high risk4 = very high risk

Higher number or letter on protective equipment = more gear!

Diamond Label

• Test your Knowledge by writing in your notes what you think this label is telling you about a chemical:

MSDS Diamond

• Test your Knowledge by writing in your notes what you think this MSDS Diamond is telling you about a chemical:

Bunsen burner/glassware14)Don’t heat closed containers (gas is

~1000 times more volume than liquid!) -20 to 120 oC normal expt. temps

15) Flame is hottest when blue color; if yellow has soot (carbon) and needs more oxygen.

16) Hottest part tip of inner blue flame = ~600 oC Draw the burner and parts

C) Thermometers and glassware• Don’t shake!• Mercury = silver color =more exact but

poisonous• Alcohol = red coloring• Use glycerin (washes off with water) as

lubricant• Check for cracks• Clean the glassware if dirty!• Hot glass looks the same as cool.

F) Clothing• Careful if wearing contacts• Tie up long hair, remove jewelry• Polyesters can melt and stick to skin• Closed Toed SHOES!• Bring long pants, have pair of sweat

pants in locker.• Wear your goggles!

G) Behavior

• Don’t fool around!• Follow teacher’s instructions!• Ask if you are not sure or want to try

something.• WAFT chemicals

H) Emergency EquipmentKnow where!Prevention! watch & help your partnerSmall mess or major disaster?Report ALL accidents immediatelyDo not contact another’s blood

Cover small firesCO2 or ABC extinguisher (paper, solvents,

electrical) = very cold!Shower + eyewash = 15 min! if serious

Draw these hazard symbols• Flammable! • Explosive!

• Corrosive!

• Poison!

• Biohazardous!

• Radioactive!

• Recycle!

• Electrical hazard!

Other…• MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) are

provided by employers for people who work with concentrated chemicals and need to know how to handle, transport, clean-up, health hazards, etc.

• Free on Internet. • http://www.ilpi.com/msds/• http://www.msds.com/

MSDS

Comprehension Check….

True or False1. You can tell if glass if hot by its

appearance. 2. A proper Bunsen burner flame is yellow.3. A 4 in the blue area of a chemical label

means extremely flammable. 4. The problem with an oxidizer is that it

reacts with water.5. Wash off chemicals on your skin with

soap and water.

Homework

• Read and take quiz• http://www.chem.wwu.edu/dep

t/dept/safety.shtml

• http://daphne.palomar.edu/safetyquiz/safetyquiz.htm

Accident at Jefferson High

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PxyDImUYo14

• Watch the video and be familiar with the techniques and how to deal with accidents.

• http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/tutorials/weissman/chemlab/Template.html

Exit Slip…. On your exit sheet. Restate the question.

1..What does volatile mean and what should you avoid when heating them?

2..What does a 4 in the blue area of a label tell you?

Homework

• http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=SCE103

• Into to Safety (wisc, photos)• Go through the slides and take the

quiz.• In your notebook write down your

score and why you got wrong answers.

1. Volatile means _______2. When you have an accident or spill

what is the first thing you should try to do.

3. If the flame of a Bunsen burner is yellow, what should you do to make it hotter?

4. How do you dilute acid and water?5. What is the main hazard in working

with polyester or synthetic clothes next to a flame?

Bellringer….. On your bell sheet. You may use your notes. Just answer.

Bellringer….. On your bell sheet. You may use your notes. Just answer.1. What should you use to neutralize an acid spill?

(type of chemical and name)2. What should you use to neutralize a base spill?

(type of chemical and name)3. What should you use if you spill a chemical on

your skin?4. What does this tell you about a chemical?

….a 3 in the blue, a 1 in the red and a K in the white.

5. What type of fire is gasoline burning? (A, B, or C)

Picture of a past student who did not follow the safety rules….

Safety videos1 Starting with Safety ACS video• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=0zHev9iM8kU2 Accident at Jefferson High• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PxyDImUYo

14&list=PLfM-n9FcC6oWAkfTqA_6vo8l7OP0GkxUI

3 Lab Safety Crash course• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRWRmIEH

r3A

Safety TEST • MC and short answer• Know where and how to use safety

equipment in the lab (like fire extinguisher, blanket, shower, etc)

• May NOT use notes on the test• Must score 100%• If not then must do extra work and

retake (similar test) after school until get 100%, but grade is your original score.