Notes: The Water Cycle

A. Water covers about ¾ of Earth’s surfaceB. Water on the Earth’s surface is called the hydrosphere

1. 97% of water on earth is salt water2. 2% is frozen in the polar ice caps3. only about 1% is drinkable

C. Water below the surface is called groundwater1. It collects when water sinks into the ground

through small spaces in soil or rocks. This process is called infiltration

2. The type of rock determines how well the water flows and where it collects.

a. Porous rocks allow water to pass through easily

b. Nonporous rocks may create underground pools

D. The Water Cycle1. Water constantly moves between the atmosphere

and the earth’s surface. This creates the water cycle with the sun being the source of energy.

2. The process:a. Evaporation - water changes form liquid to

gas (water vapor) when it is heated by the sun1.) Transpiration - water evaporates

through openings in plant leaves2.) Sublimation - ice changes directly into

water vapor without first becoming a liquidb. Condensation - when the water vapor in the

atmosphere cools it changes back into a liquid forming cloudsc. Precipitation - when the clouds can no

longer hold the liquid water it falls back to the Earth as rain, snow sleet, and hail

D. transportation

C. precipitation

C. precipitationB. condensation

D. transportation

B. condensation

A. evaporation

J. percolationK. plant uptake

L. groundwater flow

E. transpiration

G. snowmelt run offF. sublimation

H. Surface flow

I. infiltration

H. Surface flow

A. evaporation

Notes: The Water Cycle

A. Water covers about ¾ of Earth’s surfaceB. Water on the Earth’s surface is called the ______________

1. 97% of water on earth is ____________________2. 2% is frozen in the ______________________3. only about 1% is _____________________

C. Water below the surface is called ______________________1. It collects when water sinks into the ground

through small spaces in soil or rocks. This process is called ________________________

2. The type of rock determines how well the water flows and where it collects.

a. __________________rocks allow water to pass through easily

b. __________________rocks may create underground pools

D. The Water Cycle1. Water constantly moves between the atmosphere

and the earth’s surface. This creates the water cycle with the _____________being the source of energy.

2. The process:a. ____________– water changes form liquid to

gas (water vapor) when it is heated by the sun1.) ___________– water evaporates

through openings in plant leaves2.) ___________– ice changes directly into

water vapor without first becoming a liquidb. _____________– when the water vapor in the

atmosphere cools it changes back into a liquid forming cloudsc. ______________- when the clouds can no

longer hold the liquid water it falls back to the Earth as rain, snow sleet, and hail