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8/10/2019 Notes Zetka Copy

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In Vivo Transcription Initiation by RNA Polymerase II Requires Additional Proteins

o Need TFIIA to associate with TBP and TATA box DNA. TFIIA interacts with part of TBP

upstream from the direction of transcription.

o The TAF subunits of TFIID function in initiating transcription from promoters that lack

a TATA box. Elongation Factors Regulate the Initial Stages of Transcription in the Promoter-Proximal

Region

Key Concepts

o RNA pol II initiates transcription of genes at the nucleotide in the DNA template

that corresponds to the 5 nucleotide that is capped in the encoded mRNA

In metazoans, NELF associates with Pol II after initiation, inhibiting elongation about 50-200 bp

from the transcription start site. Inhibition of elongation is relieved by further phosphorylation.

o TFIID composed of TATA box binding

Protein (TBP) and 13 TBP associated

factors (TAFs)

o Whole complex that is ready to initiate

is called the preinitiation complex

o TBP binds first. It bends the DNA. Then

TFIIB makes contact with TBP and DNA.

Then a preformed complex of TFIIF (4

subunits) and RNA pol II binds. It

positions Pol II over start site. TFIIE (4

subunits) comes in and creates

docking site for TFIIH (10 subunits).

o TFIIH has 2 very important subunits

! One contains helicase = uses ATP

to unwind DNA duplex at start site

FORMS OPEN COMPLEX

! One contains kinase so itphosphorylates the Pol II CTD

multiple times

o Complex dissociates, except for TBP,

which remains on DNA.


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