notice on the dinârs of the abbasside dynasty / by edward thomas rogers

8/7/2019 Notice on the dinrs of the Abbasside dynasty / by Edward Thomas Rogers

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262

Art. XIII.?Notice on the Bindrs of the Abbasside Dynasty.By Edward Thomas Rogers, late II. M. Consul, Cairo.

[Read on November 16th, 1874.]Every collector of early Muhanuuadan coins must havoobserved that the dinars of the fifth and two subsequentKhalifahs are of two kinds: that is to say, somo aro plain,like those of the earlier Khalifahs; whilst others havo variousMtihnmmndnn names upon them, generally beneath theordinary inscription on the area of the reverse.It is well known that dirhams and filses were struck in

many parts of the then vast Muhammadan Empire; but itdoes not appear that under the first four Khalifahs dinarswere struek in any other mint than that of the Capital.The dinars of the first four Khalifahs do not state wherethey were struck, and wc ma}' therefore presume that theywere all struek in one place, namely, the Capital, just as thedinars of the Khalifahs of Bani Uinuieya wero all struck at

Damascus, which was their seat of government. Thoso ofthe fifth and two subsequent Khalifahs do not, as a rule,give any place of mintage; but b}' careful examination andcomparison of the proper names found on some of them, Iam convinced that tho plain ones were struck inMedinet-esSalam (Baghdad), and that thoso bearing proper names worefor the most part struck in Misr, which was probably noxtin importance to Baghdad, and was the first placo after theCapital whence gold coins were emitted.I have seen somo of these names mentioned in the descriptions of the coins on which thc}r wero found; but no serialaccount of them has yet been published, nor any identificationof the persons to whom they refer.With a view to partially supply this deficiency, I am pre

paring the following observations ou dinars hitherto inedited,which are for the most part in my own Cabinet and in that


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._ _??ATls_r


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_PLATE H.

^^^^ AH 199 HP*


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_jftAjrg m.

^^^^ AH 207^ ^^


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_PLATE XV


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DINARS OF THE ADBASSIDE DYNASTY. 263The dinars of tho first four Khalifahs hardly differ from

each other excepting in tho date. They are nearly of thesamo typo, character and weight. Certain points or dotshowover, which occur on some of them, make them worthyof separate remarks, and may, after further study and experience, prove that a second mint for the emission of gold coinexisted earlier than I am at present iu a position to prove.The legends and inscriptions on the dinars of the first fourKhalifahs are the same; therefore tho description of one oftho year 130 will serve for all thoso struck before the year170 : thus?

Obverse.Area, Inscription in three lines: ??

1sj,*z: ^"rjn ,,?,T,vRa ,.

133 E. T. It. Incdited. A central point on the reverse (PI. I.No. 1).

134 E. T. It. Ineditcd. A central point on the reverse.135 ** T. 675.


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204 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

^ 1 c*

I"L7Z"I I)Kscn,mvKIU^ukh.138 E. T. R. Inedited.139 C. S. G. Inedited.139 E. T. It. !Inedited. Diacritical poiut under the l-j ofI S-^139 E. T. R. Iueditcd. Diacritical point under the c-* of

I r^>oud three points thus V be| I neath area of reverse (PI. I. No. 2).140 ** IInedited. !"' No^'pl. 'T. 711.

'143 C. S. G. T. 719.144 E. T. R. jInedited. Diacritical point uuder L-) of j-jjl.145 E. T. R. T. 734.

M5 C. S. G. IInedited. Diacritical point under c-) of yo .140 E. T. R. jT. 746.147 I ** T. 759.1 IS ** T. 770. A central point on tho reverse.148 E. T. R. Inedited. jA point after the J of J%~*j iu area

of reverse.German149 ZeiUchrift T- 78?

Adler, Mus."0 Cuf.Borg. T. 78^ j151 ** T..796. I152 ** T. 803. IA point after the J of Jyy in area

I of the reverse; the characters areI j more like theAghlabite type.154 I #* T. 826. A point after theJ of J^j, andaI central point on tho reverse.155 ** jT. 840. A poiut after the J of J^-jj, and aI central point on the reverse.


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DINAHS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 265

???CaJTT "^r U^a.rr.vK 1U?A?k?.

157 C. S. G. Inedited. A point under the c-j of ?^~?.158 ** T. 872. A point after the J of Jj-y, andcentral point in the reverse.

159 E. T. It. T. 880. A dot after theJ of J^j of reverse.160 E. T. It. Inedited. A central point on the reverse.161** Inedited. A central point on the reverse.161 E. T. It. Inedited. A central point on the reverse, and

three points thus .*. beneath thearea of the reverse (PI. I. No. 3).

162 ** T. 917. A central point on the reverse and apoint after tho J of J^-y?163 E. T. It. T. 932. A point under the l~j of l~JjJ> , anda central point on the reverse.

163 C. S. G. Inedited. A point under the u-> of


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266 DINARS OP THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

the reverse a small crescent thus w.(H. I. No. 5).

168 ** T. 1038. A central point on tho roversc, aud apoint after the J of Jwi169 E. T. It. T. 1057. A central point on the reverse, andbelow the inscription in tho areaof the reverse a combination ofpoints thus .:*, which may he intended to represent tho word^j.

We now arrive at the year in which a name for the firsttime appears on the gold coinage. It is the first year of thereign of the great Khalifah Hariin ar Rasliid.

170 C. S. G. Iucdited. The namo of 5U11appears beneath thereverse area, but I have not yetidentified this namo. On a dirhamof tho same year described by

Eraclm, and referred to by T.under No. 1108, the samo name isfound, but tho learned author doesnot seem to have been able to settletho point (PI. I. No. 6).

170 E. T. R. T. 1094. The name of?z appears beneath theinscription on the area of the re

verse, which is rightly ascribedby the learned author to Aly ibnSuleiman, who was appointedGovernor of Egypt by Al llady iu169. lie proceeded toMisr in thomonth of Shawfil of that year, and


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 2G7

that we can confidently attributeto the mint of Misr.

171 ** Beneath the area on the reverse isthe letter *, which is generally

j supposed to refer to the excellence| of tho metal. I presume it was! struck at Baghdad (PI. I. No. 8).

171 E. T. It. Inedited. IBeneath the area on the reverse ap! pears tho name 5->j-* . I find, on! reference toAbu'l Mahasin's His

tory of Egypt, that Miisa ibn 'Isna(^uu^ ^j! ,5-^) was appointed! Governor of Egypt by llarun arltashid in one of the months ofItabia, 171 (PL I. No. 7).

172 E. T. It. T. 1145. A central point on the reverse.172 E. T. It. T. 1146. The name y in the usual place.Musa ibn 'Issa held the post of

Governor of Egypt until the 14 thof ltamadun, 172.172 E. T. It. Inedited. The name-^.r here occupies the space

beneath the inscription of the areaof the reverse (PL I. No. 9).

173 Mara, xxxvi. T. 1166. Plain.173 ** T. 1167. j*z 'Omar. 'Omar ibn Ghilan was

appointed Minister of Finance inShaaban, 173, when Muhammadibn Zuhcir was made Gorernor of

Egypt, and I think it very probablethat he held the same office under


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268 DINARS OF THE ABBAS8IDE DYNASTY.

?*" 'C

"DK^L?U

D?_m? tau ..

would account for the same namebeing found on a dinar of theyear 172.

174 Frachn. T. 1181. jAs. 'Omar. This dinar must havebeen struck during the first fortI ! night of the year 174, becausoDaud ibn Yczld was appointed

Governor of Egypt ou the 14th ofMoharram of that year, and ho wasaccompanied by Ibrahim ibn Salihas Finance Minister.

174 E. T. R. Inedited. On this dinar tho name of 0^1J Ddudis given?without doubt Daud ibn

Yezid(Pl. I. No. 11).174 E. T. R. Inedited. No name and no diacritical points.

(PI. I. No. 10).175 E. T. R. T. 1194. ^->y+ Mitsa. Musa ibn 'Issa was ap

pointed Governor ofEgypt a secondtime in tbo month of Safar, 175.

176 E. T. R. Inedited. ^Jbji\ Ibrahim. Iu this year Ibrahimibn Salih, formerly Minister ofFinance, was appointed Governorof Egypt (PI. I. No. 12).

176 E. T. R. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in tho areaof tho reverse Jl%^- Jaafar. Abu'l

Mtihasin reports, on the authorityof A z Zahaby (^Jt jjl), that in theyear 176 llaruu ar RurIiUI appointed Jaafur ibn Yihia ibn

Burmalc to be tho Governor ofEgypt, and that probably 'Omar


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270 DINARS OF TOE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

??*| _aSs"* ? < ? *?"

183 Stickel. T. 1339. Inner legend on the reverse, bj+\ 1/

ity onfcr 0/ M* Prince AI AmtnMuhammad, son of the Commander

of theFaithful. Iu this year Muhammad al Am in was appointedGovernor of 'Irak and of Syria.1This dinar was evidently struck intho capital of his new province,and as the type is very differentfrom that of contemporary dinars,

wo may couelude that it is tho production of a thirdmint whence goldcoins were emitted.

184 E. T. R. Inedited. \J^>- J*?M.1Si E. T. R. Inedited. Iuncr legend of the rovcrso, 4jy*l U^J\ ijfIS j+*+l\ i as on the dinarof the year 183 (PL II. No. 14).184 ]?SJ2. T. 1355. tfjJl _ laallfak.185 ** T. 1371. Inner legend of the reverse, djj*\ U^

r* iztfr*'*jir***185 E. T. R. T. 1372. Lto- Jaafar.186 Marsden xl. T. 1393. *J\U~J\^\ ^\ U^. This isthe earliest gold coin thatMarsden

had seen with a double legend.My earliest dinar of thiadescriptionis of thedate of thoyear 184, whilst

Stickel, see above, has describedII I a similar ono of the year 183.


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DTNASTf. 271

UA r" Cam nit, l*,i?n>:i>.

186 ** Inedited. Li*sr Jaafar.18G E. T. R. Inedited. Inner legend of the reverse, .191 E. T. R. Inedited. djLU_S|Al Jihaltfah.191 C. S. G. Inedited. This dinfir gives us a fourth type, and

I think, abo, a fourth mint fortho emission of gold coin. Theinscription in the area of the reverse is in three lines, thus :jdJilj^ciU^II; |all!J^y ^.sr*(Pl.II.ffo. 15.)^^1^1^191 E. T. 11. T. 1491. Below the inscription in the area ofthe reverse, the letter , probablythe initial of the word *^\j current.

192 E. T. It. Inedited. Below the inscription in the area ofthe reverse, the letter Jb .

192 ** T. 1504. Below the inscription in tho area oftho reverse, the word


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sumptive. A rivalry and enmity soon sprang up betwecutheso brothers, which ultimately led to open hostilities, thuslaying tho foundation of tho dismemberment of the vast

Empire over which their father had ruled supreme.n._ 1* whose IW miiom .._.

194 E. T. 11. T. 1562. Below the inscription in the area ofthe reverse, the word *UJl_m AlKhalifah.

195 ** T. 1596. Abovo the inscription in tbo area ofthe reverse,


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 273Whilst all these great events were occurring, Al Amin

was in Baghdad, living a life of luxury, and paying butlittle attention to public affairs. His indolence caused manyof his partisans to leavo him and to join his brother's ranks,and he gradually lost all power, and was killed in BaghdAdin the year 198.?-* ^r "Ur D-curm, Rnuwc..190 E. T. li. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in tho area of

tho obverse, tho word jLc yihhdd.In tho area of the rovcrno, abovethe usual inscription, the word


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authority or by his brother, as twoKhali fallswcro reigning at this time.

198 ** T. 2829. Beneath tho inscription ia the areaof tho obverse, tho word l-JAx^H

Al Multaleb. Above that on thoreverse, p\*+l\ Al Imdm, and belowit, yi^AlMdmiln. In themonthof Saiur, 198, Al Mumuu appointed

Al Multaleb ibn Abdallah to boGovernor of Egypt. A diacriticalpoint over the^ of ^\aj .198 E. T. It. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in the areaof tbe obverse, the name (jwLxllAlAbbds. On the area of the reverse, above the usual inscription,*UI Al Imdm, and below it,j^?h]\ Al Mdmiin. In themonthof Shawfd, 198, Al Maimm ap

pointed Al Abbas ibn Miisa to thoGovernment of Egypt; ho died atBilbeis iu Jamad al Akhera, 199.

198 E. T. R. Inedited. Below tho inscription iu tho area oftho obverse, *LJ1


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 27S

???rm.r?,a.?.199 E. T. R. T. 1083. Below the inscription in the area oftho obverse, crJli>tJI Al Mut\aleb.

j On the death of Al Abbas, Al[Mamun re-appointed Al Mut(alcbi to tho Government of Egypt. In

the area of the reverse, above thoj j usual inscription, ^-^IjJI^ J ZA rI Jlifisalein, and below it (J-dill AI

I Fadl. In the inargiu the place ofmintage is given, thus?*J J.J?


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"??-| oiisE1.hL^rl d? _^^I above the inscription iu the area, \ *0J\~_?

^201 E. T. R. Inedited. Below tho usual inscription on thearea of tho reverse tho letter s>-,

Iwhich may be the initial letter ofthe word Jup- good."

201 E. T. R. Inedited. Below the inscription on the area ofthe obverse, aJI AsSary. In thisyear As Sary ibn al Uakam was ap

I pointed byMamunGovernorof Misr.j Above tho inscription in the area ofthe reverso,ybIL


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 277

year 201. JdUil


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r\.?- In whose JIy wuom I ,,?Date-Cabinet. Emtku.

Dmcwwiw lUwEtt

204 I E. T. R. Inedited. No name.204 Fraehn. T. 1748. ^^^ j j^l to^jOA) In Misr the

year 204. c___yU.ll Al Maghreb.jt>IL


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 279n??- In wiiosr I'.v whom Tv ,,

207 Eraehn. T. 1788. In ali respects like the precedingdinar excepting the dato.207 E. T. R. Inedited. This dinar is the first specimen of anew typo of coin. Firstly, tho dateappears on tho obverse instead ofon tho reverse as hcretoforo; andsecondly, a new quotation from tho

Koran is introduced as a marginallegend ; thus,

Obverse, area?First symbol, a linearcircle separates tho area from theinner legend.

Inner legend, IJJi>L-jjJ


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?"?J&.?>T Ir In-un^vKUKMA?ks.

208 ** Inedited. Obverse?^^Jl ^


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l?_,.? I* WHOSE IlVWHOM,. ,,

Jaafar, and with the name of theI Khalifah r. Obverse,


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D*TR- Ca,hnT JlLn".r Dtsomrrivis Kkmahks.


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i?| ?:;_ I".ur I u?., ?*?,??.ministrations, referring to Saad, whowas Vizir under Al M utamcd and alsounder Al Muwaffak (PI. I'll. No. 32).

273 E. T. It. Inedited. A dinar of small size without phico ofmintage. Obverse,


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DINARS OF TUB AI.I.ASSIDE DYNASTY. 285

27.5 E. T. R. Inedited. L^jyij InArtrAfaw/*. This is a very remarkable dinar, aud would perhapsbe more correctly classified in theOkcilidc dynasty. I leave it, however, in this list, because of its re

markable interest bearing on thehistory of tho Abbassidcs.Obverse, beneath tho first symbol,


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286 DINAttS OP THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

?"? ?_"" *IZT u?c? .. i_t

Muwaffak. On his way he stoppedat Karkisia, took it from Ibn Safwan,and delivered it toAhmed ibnMfdikibn Tawk.1 This dinar, now underconsideration, proves that Ibn Safwanafterwards retook possession of thiscity, (hough I have not yet fouud anhistorical record of the fact.

281 E. T. It. Inedited. The place of mintage is not given onthis dinar, which is in every respectsimilar to the one dated 275 without

mintage. It ia remarkablo in thatthe name Al Mutamcd al Allah isstill preserved, although, accordingto lhu al Athir and other authors,this Khalifah died in the year 279.*

2S1 E. T. R. Inedited. ^ItX^j In JIama dan. Obverse,area,beneath the first symbol, \>\J \d^s- 3'Omar, son of 'Aid al Aziz. Reverse,

j x3J\jJ& yy\ j^\ .A ajUAS LLj^ t^lj j *


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Datk 1n *"oi,? Bt Tr,IOM DrsraiPTiTB UpmarksUAT*' CaIHNET. EllITKU. UFSCRIPTITB11F.MARKS.

above tbe inscription on the area, ~\teA^> Jx t-U^Tjjj^Jlj


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,*_ In transit 11t whom t_?_.?_..__-..- -n.... _.___-.

^j-^jU*^ ^jUj j ei^u-> In the nameof God, struck in the year 386 (PLIV. No. 37).

292 E. T. R. Inedited. L-a*H *nMisr. Above the inscriptionin the area of tho reverse,


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D In whose Btwtiom Dpvitiptivp RfmarichUATF" Cabinet. Kihtku. dmcriptivb kemabks.

^(jwLJI^jI Abu 1 'Abbas, son of{1j+~4j*!l\j~i\ the Commander of the

Reverse, area. [Faithful.


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290 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNA8TY.

lWiir 1MWHOSK BY WHOM,. ?1)A1"' Cauinet. Edited. Dkbcwptitu Rmarm.

the preceding dinar of Misr, butsmaller in size.

312 E. T. R. Inedited JA^Jj In Dimashk. Like the proceding dinar of Misr.

313 ** Iuedited. ^_mj InMisr. Liko the preceding dinar.314 C. S. G. Inedited. \jc^i) In Sanaa. Obverse area, first

symbol, the j of tho word CSjjJ*,having an ornamental tail. Legend,I'^i [x'*^HjUJJI ljj&S-\^ Alii /MmJ

dJJ j iJLs. Juuj\ In the name ofGod this dinar was struck in Sanaathe3'ear314. Tho word A*,* hundredis suppressed, probably for want ofspace. Outside tbis legend is a fillet,

j on which there is no legend. lieverse, area, above,


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tia-t. I" vrnonK Bt whom ii???-.??r-? d.u..v.Da"-Cadinkt. Riiitmi. DKiCEirTnrE Rbmaeri.

Reverse, area,

J>-4-S_*4-1-II Jj-j

To God.Muhammadthe Apostle of God

Al Fath, son of Al Afshln,Freedman of the Commander of theFaithful (PL IV. No. 41).

317 ** Inedited. j^la.) InMisr. Like the preceding dinarof the same mint.

322 C. S. G. Inedited. j'^ll J.w In Silk al Ahwd.%. Afterthe namo of tho place there is a confused sign like J\, which may bosimply a repetition of the last twoletters of Suk al Ahwaz from the die

having shifted ; or it may be an imperfectly struck preposition ^i in,which is hardly probable, however,seeing that the use of tbe prepositionbeforo the date of the year had beenin disuse ever since the early Omeyade

period. Reverse, above,


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???_??' 1LST

?-""" ? K"""a letter -. with tho diacritical pointin it, probably the initial of the word

&~>~ good.328 ** Inedited. jo*\ InMisr. Liko tho preceding, but

iu place of the letter -. is a plain dot *

aud on tho reverse at the bottom ofthe area is an imperfect >-.

329 E. T. It. Iuedited. ,**) In Misr. Like tho preceding asI to the inscription, and tho dot below' the inscription in the area of the

obverse.329 E. T. It. Inedited. r*x*j In Misr. Reverse, above the usualinscription in the area,


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Below this name a star. Inner circularlegend, irl Jou j Jui^ ~JI


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294 DINARS OF TIIE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

_*.,? !* wiio*? 11ywwou t. ?lU 'Caoihbt. Edited.

Dmciiptite Umiami.

God alone. He has no associate. AnNaser ledin illah, Commander of the| j Faithful.

Marginal legend, j J-J ^ ^ Jl


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 295Furthermore, I subjoin a list of the mints which are

proved to have existed under tho Khalifahs of Bani Umayaor Bani 'Abbas, and a sketch-map, on which most of theirnames will be found. This will givo an idea of the vastnessof the Muhammadau Empire at that early period.No. in No. In v.. ,..???._._?Amble NamcB. No. T.?h Herri's n, '-* *s fromList. List. Marasid cl 'Ittila'a.

j^t* .A I Abrashahr 1 1 Said to ho the placo also, called Ni sap fir.C^Cuu^l 2 Akhslkoth 2 1(> A city inMa waran Nahr,the capital of Fargha

nah, on the banks of theriver of Ash Shash.

^l^X-Jij! 3 Azrabeijan 3 49 A province bounded ontho cast by Rarda'ab,and on the west by Arzanjau,aud on the northby the country of thoDciiam and A\ Tarrn.Its chief towns aro

Tabriz, formerly calledAl Maraghab, Khooy,Salmas, Urmiyah, andArdbil.

^}j\ 4 Arran 4 An extensive provinceseparated from Azrabnijun by tho river ArRasa. Amongst itschief towns are Kanzahor Janzab, Rarza'ah,and Shamkur.

^U-il 5 Arrajan 5 Vulgarly called Arragliua. A town in Fars,one day's journey fromthe sea.

J-jJjl 6 Ardbil 23 Ono of the chief townsof Azrabeijfin.*..>- .^.Jjl 7 Ardoshlr 6 25 Ouo of tho finest townsKhurra in Fars.


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ArabicNames. No. "?? ??& ,, K*^< ?,Ll. LUt Maiu8id el ,tU,tt tt*

4-jjw^l 9 Armlniyah 8 31 A large province in thenorth. The smaller isTeilis,thclargcrKhlat.


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. ., ? MNo. in No. in Extracts fromArabic Names. No. IV, Sorct's KmAd e| l|u|toV

\Jjer 22 Bukhara 20 102 The finest city of Mawara n Nahr. It is 7days from Samarkand.ArJj 23 Bcdaah 21 104

^mJjj 24 Badlls 22 105 A town in Armlnlyah, Khlfit.^_A^ijj 25 Bazghls 23 106 [Circonscriptiond'llerat,Soret.]ArJj 2G Barzaah 24 107 A town in Azrabeijan.Said to bo Arrau.

ifjuJi] 27 AlBa9rah 25 116 In al'Irak.?JXUj 28 Baalbak 26 118 A city 3 days' journeyfrom Dimanhk.

^!Lj


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ArabicNa.no*.INo. I I^Haî"! .,^^HT.^jjJl 39 Al Jezlrah 36 168

>toL cjTA^- 40 Jundey Sa- 37 177 In Khuzistan, also calledpur Jundeishahpur.^fT 41 ,loy 38 181 Tho city of Ispahan.

yf^ 42 Hajar 39 183 TlieeityofAlYamameh.[Capital of Yemen,Soret.]

u\j^ 43 Han an 40 184 An ancient city, one day'sjourney from Raba.

^ÎL^rl^^srl 44 AiHusnoralKhushul--Jj>- 45 Halab 41 190 A celebrated city in

Northern Syria.1^*2+^ 46 Hums 42 193 A celebrated city betweenDimashk andHalab.Up- 47 Khuua 43 211 A small town in Azra

bcijan.J-JO 48 Debil 41219 In Arminiyeh.

uy^bJ 49 JDarabjard 45 219 ICapital of Nisapfir, inI (*?) I tho desert.\f~ai} 50 Deatawa 46 222 A town in Fars, said to

bo Al Ahwaz.J^L?J 51 Dimashk 47 225 Tho capital of Syria.

e^l Uî> 52 â al Aiu 48 235 The namo of a town between Harran andNasibein. Formerlycalled Ras aiu alKhapur, but now abbreviated into Ras al

'Aln. The river Howsiuto tho Euphrates atKarklslk abovo Arliahbah.&\)\\ 53 ArRafikah 49 237 A town new Ar Rakkah.

J*J*(\> I 54 Rarahormuz 50 238 In Khuzistau.


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 299No. ^ No. in Extracts fromArabic Names. No.

T.JsSorcCs

MarM|(| d .^^ruined, Ar Rafikah became the capital in itsstead.

sL*J\ 57 Arllamlch 53 246 Formerly the capital ofFilastin, eighteen milesfrom Jerusalem.U>J\ 58 ArltahA. 54 248 A city inAI Jezi rahabovollarran.Cs)\ 59 ArRey 55 250 The chief town of Jebal,'Irak Ajamy.gTjj 60 Zerenj 56 252 The capital of Sejistan.

jy)\~* 61 Sapfir 57 259 A town 25 parasangsfrom Shiruz.,^Lx?__^_~, 62 Sejistan 58 208 A province whose capitalis Zerenj.{j^r>^3 63 Sarakhs 59 273 An ancient city of Khor(*?) asan, between Nisapurand Marw.

j^ 64 Surrak 60 274 Ono of the villages ofAl Ahvvfiz.d^j i*fj* fi5 Sirraanraa 61 277 Founded by al M'ustaascm, between Baghdadand Takrlt.

K1y^J^ 66 Sirraln 62 278 A celebrated village nearHalab.o^r*-* 67 Sirwun 63 279 A small town inSejistan. 68 Salamlyeh 64 A village in the desert,2 days' journey fromUamah.

*x3jA~a 69 Samarkand 65 288 A celebrated city said tohave been built hyAlexander the Great.The capital of Saghd.South of tho valley of$aghd.

^dl 70 As Sus 66 297 A town in Khuzistan.71 Sfik al Ah- 67 298


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300 DINARS OF TflE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

... MMNo.in No.in Extracts fromArabic Names. No.T/8 &??*' Maragid c| .^^List. List.

lJ\j~> 73 Seiraf 69 300 [Farsistan, Soret.]^UJI 74 Ash Shash 70 305 A city near Ar Rey.

j\jJ^ 75 Shiraz 71 319 The capital of Fars.U_* 76 Sanaa 72 324 The capital of Yemen.jjo 77 Sur 73 325 A celebrated ancient city

on the coast of Syria,projecting into the sea.

^L-^J? 78 Tabarislan 74 329 Also called Mazandcran.&jjl> 79 Tabariyah 75 330 One of the citica of the

Jordan, built ou thoborder of a lake of tho8ameuame, 3 days from

Dimashk.f~* iLun 85 Askar Mu- 81 344 An important town inkram Khuzist&n.


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 301No.In No.In Extract* fromArabic Names. No. T 's Korei'a Maraald d .Ittjla?a.List. List.

Ocean at Seiraf; andSind at Mikran. Itschief towns arc I^akhr,Ardcshlr Khurra, DarHhjard, arid Sapfir.C-^Lall 90 Al Furat 80 Name given to manyvillages irrigated bythe river Euphrates.

Hj3 91 Farah 305 A city of Scjislan.LJ 92 Fasa 87 370 A beautiful city in Fan,4 days' journey from

Shiraz, and8 parasangsfrom Kazarun.Llkuuil! 93 AlFusta* 88 371 Near al Kuhirah.

^Llli 94 Filastln 89 373 [Palestine.] The southern district of Syria,'nearest to Misr. Itscapital is Jerusalem.

JJ 95 Fll 90 376 An ancient city in KhnwArizm ; first calledEH, after wards Man surah, and now called

Karkanj.jJLll 96 AlTCudslyah 91

AJi\j^3 97 TCasresSa- 92 392 Built byHariinarRashidlam near ar Rakka.IS 98 Kum 93 395

^.^uZj 99 Kinnisrin 94 397 A city one day's journeyfrom Halab.L*uJJ 100 Karkisiah A city at the mouth ofthe river Khapur. Itis partly on tho Eu

phrates, and partly onthe Khapur.1^*^*3 101 Kumis 95 400 A district inTabaristan.

Its capital isDarnghan,between Ar Hay and


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k ,. MNo. in No. in Extracts fromArabic Names. No. 'IVs Sorcl's ?. , , ,,_.., ,List. LUt. Marasul cl 'Ittila'a.

Khorasan, celebratedfor its tin mines.,\?? 103 Kankawar 97&i?A 104 AlXufah 91 440 The celebrated city inAl'Irak.

J! 105 Ludd 99 448 A city in Filastfn, nearJerusalem.

^jjjU 106 Maridin 100 454 A fortified city in AlJezirah, looking towards Data and Na$lbeiu.a^JI *L 107 MahalBas- 101 458 A namo applied toNaharah vend (as well as tollnmnzfui aud Xum),becauso they were con

quered by the peopleof Al Ihi 8rah.JLijfll *L 108 MahalKu- 102 459 Ad Dcnawar, so calledfah because conquered bythe people ofAl Kfifah.

JbU 109 MTihy 103 460 One of two villages nearMarw, together calledAl Mahiau.

&j~& 110 Al Mubrakah (for


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DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 303No. in No. in Extracts fromArabic Names. No. t.'ii Soret's M |d , ,j? ,List. List.

)j? 116 Marw HO 480 The capital ofKhorasan.ja.* 117 Misr 111 487 The namo of Egypt andof its capital.

t>j+^*2f*^Jjl* 118 Maadan 112 493 Near Khl&t in ArminiJlujhicH yah.

^UJI^,^* 119 Maadan ash 113 494Shash^j.*a^ lye* 120 MaaratMis- 114 Five parasangs fromrein Hal ab.

jjL^ 121 Manazir 115 499 In Khuzistan.ZjyauM 122 Al Mansft- HO 505rahJ-*jJI 123 AlMawsil H7 511 One of the largest citiesin tho Muhammadan

Empire. It is the gateof Al 'Irak and tho keyof Khorasan. I haveoften heard it said thatthero are three celebrated cities, namelyNisapur, because it isthe gate of the East;Dimashk, because it isthe gate of theWest;and AIM aw s il, becausea person going to citherof them must passthrough it. It is 74parasangs from Baghdad.

AJJ^JI 124 Al Mahdl- 118 501 [EraqucArabiqucf?rd


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. t. ,.. .,No. in No. iu Extracts fromList. List.

^ LuJ 129 Neisapur 123 528 Thirty parasangs fromMarw.LJ, 130 Wasi* 124 537 Half-way between AlBasrah and Al Kufah.

iU^l^Jt 131 Al llashc- 125 529 A town near Al Kufah.mi yah

i\yb 132 Herat 126 530 One of the oldest townsof Khorasan.jlA..s,U 133 Harunabad 127 531

.U-4,l^J| 134 Alllaruui- 128 532 A small town noar Mnryah a'ashjiuthe Syrian passof Mount al Lukkam,

fliill J^r, foundedby Ilarua arRushid.u\j^? 135 Hamadan 129 533 A city with 120 villages.


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i. ' ,s V7 \w^ s?^ittia,ta_fflf^^??,.r.>Yr;?L1A,ni.?"Vl""? ^ tw*Va'

AL Kalmrali. 3_G_V ?^ -OrAl.TuSptt [ S\y-)

\ % 1 * A


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' aJ?V^''' ill ***"

? \> qS -*A-^V)il % turf** / /

vA saAfe^^^i^*11' $V


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\\^- """""r^ N:

R y^s~~^


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~. '-.

-4- M

sketch map x">\M1UMA1MMABA1I lEMPEEI

uncle?" theamawi & Abbasi khalifahs

shewing the known JJihtages


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AL Kalmrali. 3fis_\o a*""or-AlTuspxt I S\yv^ S ( \ f

\. IPAHS


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notice on the dinârs of the abbasside dynasty / by edward thomas rogers

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