Noun clause နမ�၀က�ခြ�

အဂလ ပစ�မ� Phrase စကစ�၊ Clause ၀က�ခြ�၊ Sentence ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆ၀က�ဆ �ၿပစ�သဒၵနည�အရစန ဆ ဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ စ� တက�ခြ�႕စည�ထတ အဆင "�၃ဆင "�ရ� ပစတယ�။

၁။ verb ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ မပစတ စကစ�က � Phrase လ �႔ေ(�ၚပစတယ�။my keys, the yellow jacket, an orange

၂။ subject န( verb ပစတ စကစ�က � Clause ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ၀က�ခြ�လ �( ေ႔ေ"�ၚပစတယ�။၀က�ခြ�ဆ � ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ တ အတြတက� ၀က�တစ�႔ေ"ၾကင�မဟ�တ/ ။ထ �႔ေ(ၾကင "� Full stop (.) ဆ ဆဆဆမပစတက �သတ "0

ပစ1ပစ။where you live (မင�နတ ႔ေ"နရ)why I study English ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တအဂလ ပစ�က � ေ႔ေ"လ လရတ ႔ေအၾကင�ရင�

၃။ Sentence ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆ �တ႔ေကတကတ3၊ႀက ယ၊က5သ5"�မ� 1ပစတ စကစ�က � ေ႔ေ"�ၚ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ပစတယ�။တနည�ပစရရင� Subject န( Predicate ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆပစတ စကစ�လ �(လည�ပစလ �(ရပစ

တယ�။I live in Myanmar. ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တမနမ7ပစညမ9� ေ႔ေ"နပစတယ�။I study English to improve my carrier. ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆကတြ2န �႔ေ"တလ�ပစ:န �က �တ �တက; န �ကတြ2

န �႔ေ"တ အဂလ ပစ�က � ေ႔ေ"လ လပစတယ�။ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ ပစထမဥစြစဒ�၃��က �ကြကကြက"0ပစပစနလညမ? @ (လ �ပစတယ�။

ယ�� လA႔ေ"တြတအမ�မ�နၾကတ Clause ဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ၀က�ခြ�႔ေအၾကင�က �ရ�င�ပစပစမယ�။ Clause ၀က�ခြ�မ� သ5"�မ� 1ခြ�"0�င/တယ�။

၁။ Noun Clause နမ�၀က�ခြ� ၂။ Adjective Clause ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆနမ၀ ႔ေ"သသန၀က�ခြ� ၃။ Adverb Clause ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆႀက ယ၀ ႔ေ"သသန၀က�ခြ�တ �(ပစ ေ"0�စB ယ�။

Noun Clause နမ�၀က�ခြ�

Noun clause နမ�၀က��စြ"ဆ �တ Subject န( verb ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆပစၿပစ�တစC@ တည�ရပတပစB ညမF @ (မ ႔ေရသ ( ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆအ0�၀က�႔ေအပစၚတြတင�မ��� �႔ေ"န႔ေရသ ) ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆနပတမGHI�စလစKL@ပစ�႔ေ"ဆပတငMပတည "�စကစ�က � ေ႔ေ"�ၚပစတ

ယ�။ Noun clause ၂ မ� 1ရ� ပစတယ�။(၁) that-clause – that ဥဆင�႔ေ"သ၀က�ခြ�(၂) wh-clause – wh ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဥဆင�႔ေ"သ၀က�ခြ�ဆ �ၿပစ� ေ"0�စ/ တယ�။

( ၁ ) that-clause – that ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဥဆင�႔ေ"သ၀က�ခြ� that+subject+verb+object = Noun ( ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆနပတမGHI�စ�လ�ပစ�႔ေ"ဆင/ တယ� )( "0မငလြငFယ�႔ေ"အင�႔ေ"ရပစတပစ။ object ႔ေကတ verb ဆဆဆ႔ေအပစၚမ� မAတညမOပစ� ပစ��ငKLည�ပစမယ�။မပစ

��ငKLည� မပစပစဘA။)

ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဥပစမ ၀က�မ�က � ေ႔ေ"လ လၾကည "/။နလညမR လ မ "7 ယ�။1

The town is dirty. ဒ�ၿမ 1႕က ညစ/တB ယ�။ ( ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဒက၀က�ပစ။ )that the town is dirty ဒ�ၿမ 1႕က ညစ/တB ယS @တ ( ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဒ႔ေကတနမ�၀က�ခြ�ပစ။တစ�႔ေ"ၾ

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆကင�လည�ရပတပစB ညမF @ (မရပစဘA။အဓ ပစ ၸါVယ� ေမ0ပစည "�5"�ပစVဘAW။)

နXမ�၀Vက�ခြ�ဟX ေနXမS ပတ@တ အတြတက� ေ၀Vက�ထမ�X ေSubject န( ေobject ေ႔ေ"နရX႔ေ"တြတမ�X ေသ5"�W

လ �(ရပစVတယ�။

Subject + Verb + Ojbect. (Sentenct-၀Vက�)

That the town is dirty surprised me. (Subject ႔ေအနန( ေ႔ေ"ဆXငလြင;က�"0�င�"W)

ဒ�ၿမ 1႕က ေညစ/တB ယS @တXဟX ေကတြ2န �႔ေ"တX Y"Z L@ ေအ5အXWသင "�႔ေ"စပစVတယ�။ ေ(အဆင�႔ေ""0႔ေပစ

အXင� ေဘXသX"0ပစနမ;င� ေ- ဒ�ၿမ 1႕ညစ/တK @က/5"�႔ေကတX ေကတြ2န �႔ေ"တX"Z L@ ေအ5ၾသယAရတယ[�X)

My mother says that the town is dirty. (object ႔ေအနန( ေ႔ေ"ဆXငလြင;က�"0�င�"W)

႔ေအမက ေဒ�ၿမ 1႕က ေညစ/တB ယK @( ေ႔ေ""0ပစXတယ�။ ေ(အဆင�႔ေ""0႔ေပစအXင\XသX"0ပစနမ;င� ေ- ဒ�ၿ

မ 1႕က ေညစ/တB ယK @( ေ႔ေအ႔ေမ"0ပစXတယ�။)

ဒVဆ �ရင�႔ေ"တX ေthat-clause (that-ဥW႔ေ"ဆXင�႔ေ"သXနXမ�၀Vက�ခြ� ေ႔ေအၾကXင�"Wက � ေနXWလ

ညမ9ယK @( ေထင/Vတယ�။)

( ၂ ) wh-clause – wh ဥဆင�႔ေ"သ၀က�ခြ� wh ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ �တ႔ေကတအမ�ႀက�ရ� ပစတယ�။where, when, who, whom, which, why, how, what, စသည�"0�င "�႔ေ"ပစ မ�တ7 တလ

႔ေ""0ပစပစတပစ။ wh ေ႔ေ"တြတက Question word ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ေ႔ေ"မစြ�န �စကလ5"�႔ေအနန(လည�လ�ပစ�႔ေ"ဆ ပတငBယ�။ Relative pronoun ဆက�ပစ]မ�႔ေအနန(လည� ေ႔ေ"ဆငလြင;က/တယ�။

I live in Myanmar. ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တ ေ"0မနမ7ပစညမ9� ေ႔ေ"နပစတယ�။Where do you live? သင� ဘယ7� ေ႔ေ"နပစသလ။

ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဒ႔ေကတရ �ရ �၀က�န( ေ႔ေ"မစြ�န �ပစ။ Noun clause လ�ပစ�"0ပစပစမယ�။where you live သင�႔ေ"နတ ႔ေ"နရ၊ where I live ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တနတ ႔ေ"နရ

ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆအတြလယB ကAနလည�႔ေ"အင�ပစ5"�စ5ထ�တ; ရင� ၀က� = Subject + Verb + Object.

႔ေ"မစြ�န �= Wh-wrods + Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb+ Object? နမ�၀က�ခြ� = Wh-words + Subject + Verb + (object)

I will come tomorrow.2

When will you come?I want to know when you come.

I want to know when will you come. ဆ �ရင� မ�ပစတယ�။ know ရ႔ေ႕နကZ object ေ႔ေ"န ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆရမ�နပတမZ ပတ@ ထည "; မ�ပစ။အဒက � ေ႔ေ"မစြ�န �က �တ �က; @ က_ ည စလ"K L@ (မရ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ပစဘA။ဒမ� 1�စB ဟ Noun clause ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆနမ�၀က�ခြ�က � ေ႔ေ"႔ေသသ����နမလညမF @ (ပစ။ဥပစမ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆမ�က �ဆကK က�႔ေ"လ လၾကည "/ ။

I live in Myanmar. ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တမနမ7ပစညမ9� ေ႔ေ"နပစတယ�။Where do you live? သင� ဘယ7�နပစသလ။Where do I live? ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တ ဘယ7� ေ႔ေ"နပစသလ။Where I live is Myanmar. ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တနတ ႔ေ"နရ႔ေကတ ေ"0မနမ7ပစည� ေ"0�စ/တယ�။He knows where I live. ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ သA ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တနတ ႔ေ"နရက �သ ပစတယ�။

Where do you live? သင� ဘယ7�နပစသလ။I want to know where you live. ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆသင�႔ေ"နတ ႔ေ"နရက �ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တသ ��င/ တယ�။Where you live is a mystery. ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆသင\Lယ7�နတယS @တ႔ေကတ႔ေပစဟဠ ဆနမBa ပစ5"�"0ပစငB စ�ပစ�ဒ/ပစ။

My house is in Sule road. ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆကတြ2န �႔ေ"တအ မZဆAလလမ�မ�ရ� ပစတယ�။Where is your house? သင Y"G ပတLမZ ဘယ7� ရ� ပစသလ။Please tell me where your house is. ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆ ေ႔ေ"က�ဇAပစ1ၿပစ�သင Y"G ပတLမ\ Lယ7� ရ� တယS @

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆတက �ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တက � ေ႔ေ""0ပစ႔ေပစပစပစ။

Where is my house? ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆကတြ2န �႔ေ"တအ မZဘယ7� ရ� ပစသလ။Do you know where my house is. ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆငအ မ\Lယ7�လဆ �တမင�သ သလ။Where my house is is a secret for you. ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ငအ မ\Lယ7�ရ� တယS @တ႔ေကတမင Y"G Lတြတက�

လ� 1႕၀�ကC�ကB စC@ပစ။( ဒ�႔ေ"နရမ� is ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ "c"�YစK5"�ထပစ�႔ေ"နတယ�။မမ�ပစဘA။ Noun clause နမ�၀က�ခြ�က � ေ႔ေ"သ��စြစနလညမd

င� ဘယ� is ကဘဆ �တ ေ႔ေ"သ��နလညမRလ မ "7ယ�။ )

ဥပစမလတြတ ေ႔ေ"လ လပစ။

Wh-clause (wh ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဥဆင�႔ေ"သ၀က�ခြ�မ� )You should know what I think.

ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆငထငBaအရက �မင�သ သင Y"B ယ�။I see what I say.

ဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆငပစငသ တယ�။What I told you before is wrong.

ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆင အရပတငZ မင�က � ေ႔ေ""0ပစ� တ အရကမ�တယ�။I wonder if you could tell me where your house is.

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ�င[�ရ႕အ မ\Lယ]လဆ �တကတြ2န �႔ေ"တက � ေ႔ေ""0ပစပစင7 လဆ �တသ ��င/ တယ�။3

I wonder if you could tell me what time it is. ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဘယG �� နမ;� ၿပစ�လဆ �တ ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တက � ေ႔ေ""0ပစပစင7လဆ �တသ ��င/ တယ�။

I wonder if you could tell me how they come to the party. ဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆသAတ �( ပစတ�ခြပစက �ဘယK @ လမလဆ �တကတြ2န �႔ေ"တက � ေ႔ေ""0ပစပစင7 လဆ �တ

သ ��င/တယ�။I wonder if you could tell me where my bunch of keys is.

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တသကြတဘယ7� လဆ �တကတြ2န �႔ေ"တက � ေ႔ေ""0ပစပစင7 လဆ �တသ ��င/တယ�။Could you tell me where my bunch of keys is?

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆကတြ2န �႔ေ"တသကြတဘယ7� လဆ �တကတြ2န �႔ေ"တက � ေ႔ေ""0ပစပစင7 လ။Do you know what time it is?

ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဘယG �� နမ;� ၿပစ�လဆ �တက �သ သလ။When you succeeded made you popular and famous.

ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆမင�အင�"0မငCaတ အ�� န �႔ေ"တြတကမင�က � ေ႔ေ"က�ၾကအင�၊လAသ မ�အင�လ�ပစ�႔ေ"ပစ� တယ�။She knows when they arrive.

ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆ သAမ သAတ �(ဘယG �� န �႔ေ"ရက7လဆ �တက �သ တယ�။I don’t know whom you are. (I don’t know who you are.)

ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆမင�ဘယM eလဆ �တငမသ ဘA။Who you are is not important for me.

ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆမင�ဘယM eဆ �တငအတြတက�႔ေအရမႀက�ဘA။

That-clause (That ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဥဆင�႔ေ"သ၀က�ခြ�မ� )The leader demands that we are early for the trip.

ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ႔ေ"�င�ဆပတငZ�ရ�စဥG တြတက�ကတြ2န �႔ေ"တတ �( ေ႔ေ"စစရကf @ ( ေ႔ေ"တင�ဆ �ပစတယ�။My father recommends that I should not go to the cinema alone.

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆကတြ2န �႔ေ"တ႔ေအ�ကကတြ2န �႔ေ"တတစ�႔ေ"ယကB ည�ရ�ပစ;� င7 တြသသင Y"\Le လ �(အႀက5"0ပစ1႔ေ"ထကC5တယ�။It is important that everyone tells the truth.

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆလAအလ5"�အမ�န �႔ေ""0ပစ� �(႔ေအရႀက�တယ�။The teacher suggests that the students should study English every day.

ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆ ဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆရက ေ႔ေ"က�င�သမ�က � ေ႔ေ"န(တ �င�အဂလ ပစ� က � ေ႔ေ"လ လသင Y"B LယK @ (အႀက5"0ပစ1တယ�။

ဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆ ဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆဆ ဆဆဆနလညမ9ယK @" ( ေ႔ေ"မ��လင "/တယ�။နမလညမg ရ� ရင� ေ႔ေ"မင/ တယ�။စ �မ �၀င�

4