Nov 30 Appeals, Rhetorical Fallacies, and Persuasive Techniques In your Journal What type of appeal do you most in your arguments?Logos, Pathos, or Ethos.Please give an example Test corrections/tutorials during lunches or before schoolWednesday Pre-AP only: Vocab pg. 70 tomorrow Today we will: examine appeals and persuasive techniques, and rhetorical fallacies
So We Can: Identify and use appeals and persuasive techniques in our own writing I will know I have it when I can: identify persuasive techniques and appeals in Ronald Regans speech. Types of Appeals Logos- Appeals to logic through statistics, facts,and examples. Look for facts and numbers here. Types of Appeals Pathos- Appeals to emotion through connotativelanguage and imagery.(They may try to scare you withviolent language or make you laugh by telling a joke) Types of Appeals Ethos-Appeals to ethics by making the audiencebelieve that the writer is credible and trustworthy. Review 3 Types of Appeals
Logos- logic, facts, numbers Pathos-emotion words Ethos-do the right thing Rhetorical Fallacies Categorical claim Exaggeration Stereotyping
Ad hominem False Analogy False Authority Cause and Effect Categorical Claims Categorical Claim is based on the faulty logic of relatingtwo things solely because they are in the same category. She writes a lot in her journal. A person who writes a lot iscertain to be a good writer. Therefore, she must be a goodwriter. Chihuahuas are good inside dogs. Rottweilers are dogs;therefore, Rottweilers would be good inside dogs, too. Exaggeration Exaggerations occur when we overstate oroveremphasize a point. The school test scores have improved dramaticallysince the new principal came on board. Obviously herleadership has been a real benefit for our school. There must have been a hundred million birds in thattree! Stereotyping Stereotypes are general beliefs we use to categorizepeople, objects, and events wrongly or in too general away. I got bit by a large dog when I was little, so I stay awayfrom all dogs now; they are vicious. Anyone who lives in that neighborhood is rich and stuck-up. Ad Hominem Ad Hominem--Attacking the individual instead of theargument. Examples: 1. You are so stupid your argument couldn't possibly be true. 2. I figured that you couldn't possibly get it right, so I ignoredyour comment. 3. Why should we think a candidate who recently divorced willkeep her campaign promises? False Analogy The assumption that because two things are alike insome respects, they are alike in others. If we put humans on the moon, we should be able to find acure for the common cold. Example: "Guns are like hammers--they're both tools withmetal parts that could be used to kill someone. And yet itwould be ridiculous to restrict the purchase of hammers--sorestrictions on purchasing guns are equally ridiculous." Authority False Authority: asks audiences to agree with the writerbased simply on his or her character or the authority ofanother person or institution who may not be fullyqualified to offer that assertion. My high school teacher said it, so it must be true. Cause and Effect Cause and Effect--assuming that the effect is related toa cause because the events occur together. 1.Example: When the rooster crows, the sun rises. Therefore,the rooster causes the sun to rise. 2.Example: When the fuel light goes on in my car, I soon runout of gas. Therefore, the fuel light causes my car to run outof gas. For Reagan Speech: Vocab to know-Diffusing the Text
Khrushchev (person) Prosperity Unprecedented Declining Inescapable Comity Profound Token liberalization Ronald Regan Speech-Formative
Put your name on it. Read it out loud. Speech starts with In the 1950s With your family, highlight thelogos/ethos/pathos in one color. Highlight any rhetorical fallacies inanother color Formative Grade Now answer 1-8 on your handout
You must answer with complete sentence and text evidencefor 1-4 and 6-8. Actual Speech https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtYdjbpBk6A Summative Nine questions (5 multiple choice, 5 short answer)
We Shall Overcome- from a speech given by PresidentLyndon Johnson in support of the Voting Rights Act of1965 Sentence Variation #41 Please paste in Sentence Variation section of your writers notebook.
#41 Fact VS. Opinion Definition: A fact is something that is true about asubject and can be tested or proven. An opinion iswhat someone thinks about that subject. There is debate on whether to use cellphones in schools.Cellphones are a safety necessity in schools. The Green movement is about eco-friendly consumerchoices.The Green movement alone is not enough todramatically impact the environment. Your own example sentences using fact and opinion.