19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 1

RENEWABLE ENERGIES RENEWABLE ENERGIES

AND AND

THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY,

LUSATIALUSATIA

CONFLICT OR CHANCE OF THE FUTURE OF

ENERGY SUPPLY?

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kathrin Lehmann, Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenbergkathrin.lehmann@iem.fh-lausitz.deWith the friendly authorisation and assistance by Vattenfall Europe Mining AG

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 2

Agenda

1. Motivations 1.1 Mixture of energy resources and power demand

1.2 The german law of energy economy (EnWG)

1.3 The renewable energy sources act (EEG)

2. Lignite in competition2.1 The lusatian lignite mines

2.2 How to accept a challenge

2.3 Selected technical strategies/ solutions

2.4 Economic aspects for competitiveness

3. Summary and a future look

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 3

MotivationsMixture of energy resources and power demand

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1990 1998 2000 2004 2020

Gross power generation in Germany until the year 2020

hard coal Lignite nuclear energy natural gas

oil waterpower windpower other renewables

550 557 575610 594

Demand on additional electrical power until 2020

ca. 25.000 – 30.000 MW

The balance of power

increase

+ 20.000MW

decrease

- 51.000MW

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 4

Motivations

The German law of energy economy (EnWG)

Reliability of supply

Environmental protection

Efficiency

practicalcompromise

(Energiewirtschaftsgesetz, §1)

Liberalization of Energy Market = Competition costumers choose the own energy supplier energy trading – Europe-wide

Unbundling of energy supply and energy net

Regulatory authority

network access fee

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 5

MotivationsThe German renewable energy sources act (EEG)

Gouvernment aid of renewable energy sources

solar power, wind energy, Geothermik, bioenergy, water energy, landfill-, sewage- and mine gas

Development of proportion renewable energies in Germany

2012 12,5% 2020 20,0%

Primacy of supply

to the energy net

Payment

long-term assured

(20 years)

Promotion

of technical developments

Accumulated capacity - Germany

Sorce: WindEnergy Study 2006

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 6

Lignite in competitionThe lusatian lignite mines

Plants of Vattenfall Europe Mining

- Jänschwalde/Cottbus-Nord opencast mine

power plant Jänschwalde (3.000 MW)

- Welzow-Süd opencast mine

power plant Schwarze Pumpe (1.600 MW)

- Nochten/Reichwalde opencast mine

power plant Boxberg (1.900 MW)

-Transport =coal railway, Drainange, Workshop- Technical services- Refining = briquette plant Schwarze Pumpe

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 7

Lignite in competitionThe lusatian lignite mines

Schwarze Pumpe power stationand briquetting plant

recultivation

intermediate recultivation

rising water table

dump

rails

overburden bridge

spreaderlignite excavator

lignite conveyor

rails

mining direction

overburden excavators

overburden

lignite

lowering water table

wells

area clearing

relocation of settlements

conveyor

overburden conveyor

Principle view Technology with overburden bridge

Source: Vattenfall Europe Mining

ca. 60 mill t/a lignite ca. 450 mill m3/a overburden ca. 310 mill m3/a water

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 8

Lignite in competitionHow to accept a challenge

The

imperative

to competitiveness

1990German reunification

free market economy

1998Liberalization of energy market

Cost and operating effectiveness Cost and operating effectiveness

The way

„Long-term lignite and its energy must be cheaper“

implementation of innovative technical system solutions in all departments

extensive structuring of communication infrastructure and process technology

schemes

development and implementation of efficient maintenance strategy

improvement of operation and management processes

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 9

Lignite in competitionSelected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts

Conveyor belts for overburden

• Length: 1-3 km

• Width: 2.5 m

• Volume: 15‘ – 20‘000 m3/h

All conventional conveyors represented:

• 40% of total energy consumption

• more than 20% of total maintenance costs

• 23% of investment volumeThe invested Energy is used for:

moving the conveyor 70% No-Load Power (measured) operation time

moving the material 30%Total Energy minus No-Load Power operation time

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 12

Lignite in competitionSelected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts

The Way

1997 = begin with low voltage (690 V – ABB, Siemens) variable frequency drives

2001 = first 6-kV-variable frequency drives (Rockwell) for overburden conveyor belts

Up to day summery ca. 40.000 kW drive capacity supply variable speed conveyors

Planned until 2010 additional 20.000 kW drive capacity

Minimizing of equipment costs by

optimal drive dimensioning

Minimizing of operation and

maintenance costs

The main effects

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 13

Lignite in competition

Band 2 Band 3Band 1 Band 4

Hauptantrieb

Schaufelrad

Bucket-wheel excavator Main drive

Motors gear units bucket wheel axle bearing

Conveyor belt Motors gear units drum bearing

Band

Conveyor belt drive station Conveyor belt

Motors gear units drum bearing

Selected technical strategies/ solutions – diagnostic systems

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 14

Lignite in competitionSelected technical strategies/ solutions – control systems

Central control center of the

railway department

Central control center of the

dewatering department

Engineer

• Control operating states• coal quality • organize maintanance

Central movements inspector

• controls railway system• instruction for engine driver

Switching command- place

• switch traction system• give switching commands

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 15

Lignite in competition

Entwicklung der Maximalleistung in MW bzogen auf die Kohleförderung

249,7

240,8238,2237,4

225,5

255,2

250,0

220,0

225,0

230,0

235,0

240,0

245,0

250,0

255,0

260,0

265,0

270,0

1999/2000 2000/01 2002 2003 2004 2005 Plan 2006

in M

W

40,0

45,0

50,0

55,0

60,0

in M

io t

Maximalleistung MW Rohkohleförderung Moi t Kohle

zulässiges Grenzleistungs-band 250-270 MW bei limitierter Arbeitvon 5000 MWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Durchschnitts-Leistung

97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 2002

Jänschw alde

Nochten

Welzow

Schw arze Pumpe

Summe

Wirkung ZEMSReduzierung der Maximalleistung

MW

Energy consumption

1.200 GWh/year

Max. power demand

250 MW

Components of

energy management system- Minimizing of max power- energy efficiently operating

of equipement- optimization of form of contract

for acquisition of energy

Selected technical strategies/ solutions – energy management system

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 16

Lignite in competition

Entwicklung Mengeneinheiten <--> IH-Kosten (%)

338,4

436,8495,3 476,5

8779861000

100

200

300

400

500

600

98/99 2003 2004 2005

Mio ME

Prozent

%/ ME

Economic aspects for the competitiveness

100

90

7874

69

56 57 58 5955

60

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 2002 2003 2004 2005

Prozentuale Entwicklung Instandhaltung Bergbau VE-M€/t RBK (%)

Development of specific maintenance costs

- 45%

Main effect

of technical solutionsIncrease of total output

lower costs for

maintanance

Not increasing costs

in the future

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 17

Summary and a future look

Lignite take a part in the Lignite take a part in the mixture of energymixture of energy

in the futurein the future

Cost minimisation

Competitiveness Competitiveness

Guarantee of lignite supply

Reliability of energy supplyReliability of energy supply

efficient energy consumption

+ efficient mining technology

Resources protection Resources protection

19./20. 10.2006

Nr. 18

Thanks for your

attention

Thanks for your

attention